Pain, Anxiety, Satisfaction
Conditions
Keywords
anxiety, pain, satisfaction, cystoscopy, music, video, stress ball, nursing
Brief summary
Cystoscopy is a pain procedure and patients may experience anxiety and dissatisfaction before and during the procedure. Especially male patients feel more pain than females during cystoscopy. The aim of this study is to compare effectiveness of three different distraction methods on pain, anxiety and satisfaction of the male patients during cystoscopy.
Detailed description
Cystoscopy is a reliable and effective method used commonly to investigate tumors and pathological or suspicious views related to bladder and urethra. The patients may feel pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction when cystoscope is inserted into the bladder. Thus nonpharmacological and pharmacological methods are used to decrease pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction levels of the patients during the procedure. Music is the most commonly used distraction method during cystoscopy, but there are few studies in this issue (only music) on literature. In additon, there isn't any study related to stress ball use during cystoscopy and there isn't any study which comparatives effectiveness of the multiple distraction methods to reduce pain, anxiety and dissatisfaction levels during this procedure. Therefore the investigators aimed to compare effectiveness of three different distraction methods (music, stress ball and DVD) on pain, anxiety and satisfaction of the patients during cystoscopy.
Interventions
OTHERMusic Group
Music group was listened to a music of their choise with a headset. The music intervention was started about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure. Types of music were Turkish folk music, Turkish art music, Turkish arabesque music, Turkish pop music, foreign pop music, rock music, and classical music.
OTHERStress Ball Group
Music group was given stress ball into both their palms about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy. Participants were instructed to squeeze the balls twice after counting up to five and repeat it until the end of the procedure.
OTHERDVD Group
DVD group was started to be watched a DVD of their choise about 10-15 minutes before cystoscopy and continued during the whole procedure.
Sponsors
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi Gulhane Tip Fakultesi
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* to be male and over 18 years old * to be first csytoscopy * to be rigid csytoscopy
Exclusion criteria
* to have a contradiction for csystoscopy (lidocaine allergies, urinary tract infection, no anatomical problems with the urethra etc.) * to be used any analgesic drug at least 24 hours prior to cystoscopy * to be made manipulations such as double j stent placement or removal, and bladder biopsy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Measure | 5-10 minutes before, during and 5 minutes after cytoscopy | The average score change on pain intensity as measured by VAS scale. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety Measure | 5-10 minutes before and 5 minutes after cytoscopy | The average score change on anxiety level as measured by STAI-State Anxiety scale. |
| Satisfaction Measure | 5 minutes after cytoscopy | The average score change on satisfaction level as measured by STAI-State Anxiety scale. |
Outcome results
None listed