Breast Neoplasms
Conditions
Keywords
Drug Therapy
Brief summary
The primary purpose of this study is to compare the progression free survival (PFS) of participants treated with the combination of fulvestrant plus daily sapanisertib and fulvestrant plus weekly sapanisertib versus participants treated with single-agent fulvestrant.
Detailed description
The drug being tested in this study is called sapanisertib. Sapanisertib is being tested to treat postmenopausal women with advanced or metastatic estrogen receptor (ER) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) negative breast cancer that has progressed during or after aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination of fulvestrant + daily sapanisertib and fulvestrant + weekly sapanisertib compared with fulvestrant alone. The study will enroll approximately 153 patients. Participants will be randomly assigned (by chance, like flipping a coin) to one of the three treatment groups-which will remain undisclosed to the participant and study doctor during the study (unless there is an urgent medical need): * Fulvestrant 500 mg * Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg * Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg All participants will receive either fulvestrant 500 mg intramuscularly (IM), fulvestrant 500 mg + sapanisertib 4 mg daily or fulvestrant 500 mg + sapanisertib 30 mg weekly. This multicenter trial will be conducted Spain and the USA. Participants will make multiple visits to the clinic, and end of treatment (EOT) visit which will occur 30 to 40 days after receiving their last dose of study drug or before the start of any subsequent anticancer therapy. After EOT, participants will be followed for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Interventions
DRUGFulvestrant
Fulvestrant IM injection.
DRUGSapanisertib
Sapanisertib capsule.
Sponsors
Calithera Biosciences, Inc
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Female participants aged 18 years or older who are postmenopausal. 2. Histologically proven diagnosis of breast cancer with evidence of metastatic disease or locoregional recurrence. 3. Histological confirmation and documentation of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive status (≥1% positive stained cells). 4. Histological or cytological confirmation and documentation of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative status by local laboratory testing using criteria in the American Society of Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) Clinical Practice Guideline update. 5. Measurable disease defined as either of the following: * At least 1 extra-osseous lesion that could be accurately measured in at least 1 dimension. * The lesion must have measured ≥20 mm with conventional imaging techniques or ≥10 mm with spiral CT or MRI. Lymph nodes must be ≥1.5 cm in the short axis to be considered measurable. * Bone lesions (lytic or mixed \[lytic plus sclerotic\]) in the absence of measurable disease as defined above. Note: Participants with sclerotic/osteoblastic bone lesions only, in the absence of measurable disease, were not eligible. 6. Progressive Disease (PD) during prior aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. 7. Have a history of brain metastasis provided that all of the following criteria are met: * Brain metastases have been treated. * No evidence of PD for ≥3 months before the first dose of study drug. * No hemorrhage after treatment. * Off dexamethasone treatment for ≥4 weeks before the first dose of study drug. * No ongoing requirement for dexamethasone or anti-epileptic drugs. 8. Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. 9. Clinical laboratory values as specified below within 4 weeks before the first dose of study drug: * Bone marrow reserve consistent with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1.5\*10\^9/L; platelet count ≥100\*10\^9/L; hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥9 g/dL. * Total bilirubin ≤1.5\*the upper limit of the normal range (ULN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤2.5\*ULN (≤5\*ULN if liver metastases are present). * Creatinine clearance ≥40 mL/min based on Cockcroft-Gault estimate or based on a 12- or 24-hour urine collection. * Fasting serum glucose ≤130 mg/dL and fasting triglycerides ≤300 mg/dL.
Exclusion criteria
1. Prior therapy with mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), or dual PI3K-mTOR inhibitors, serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (AKT) inhibitors, or fulvestrant. 2. Prior treatment with \>1 line of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer or for locoregional recurrence that was not amenable to resection or radiation therapy with curative intent. 3. Experienced PD on \>2 endocrine therapies for metastatic breast cancer or for locoregional recurrence that was not amenable to resection or radiation therapy with curative intent. 4. Life-threatening metastatic visceral disease (defined as extensive hepatic involvement or symptomatic pulmonary lymphangitic spread). 5. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus defined as hemoglobin A1c (glycosylated hemoglobin; HbA1c) \>7%; participants with a history of transient glucose intolerance due to corticosteroid administration may be eligible if all other inclusion/
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) | Up to 40 months | PFS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1, PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter (LD) of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) | Up to 164 weeks | OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death. |
| Time to Progression (TTP) | Up to 40 months | TTP was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documentation of progression. Per RECIST v1.1, PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of the LD of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions. |
| Objective Response Rate (ORR) | Up to 40 months | ORR was defined as the percentage of participants who achieve a best response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) according to RECIST v1.1 criteria. CR was defined as disappearance of all target lesions, non-target lesions, no new lesions, and normalization of tumor marker level. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, no progression in non-target lesion, and no new lesions. |
| Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) | Up to 40 months | CBR was defined as the percentage of participants who achieved a best response of CR, PR, or stable disease (SD) of any duration. CR was defined as disappearance of all target lesions, non-target lesions, no new lesions, and normalization of tumor marker level. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, no progression in non-target lesion, and no new lesions. SD was defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD. |
| Percentage of Participants Who Experienced at Least One Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) | Up to 164 weeks | An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a drug; it does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. A TEAE is defined as an adverse event with an onset that occurs after receiving study drug. |
Countries
Spain, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Participants took part in the study at 50 investigative sites in Spain and the United States from 28 July 2016 to 25 November 2019. After all data was collected and participants were transitioned to post-trial access, the Sponsor stopped the study site, defined as 'Site terminated by the Sponsor'.
Pre-assignment details
Female participants with a diagnosis of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer that has progressed during or after aromatase inhibitor therapy were enrolled in 1:1:1 ratio to receive fulvestrant, fulvestrant + sapanisertib QD and fulvestrant + sapanisertib QW.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg Fulvestrant 500 mg, intramuscularly (IM), once on Days 1 and 15 in Cycle 1, and then on Day 1 of each subsequent 28-day cycle until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent (Median duration of treatment was 16.0 weeks). | 46 |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD Fulvestrant 500 mg, IM, once on Days 1 and 15 in Cycle 1, and then on Day 1 of each subsequent 28-day cycle along with the sapanisertib 4 mg, capsules, orally, once daily in each 28-day treatment cycle until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent (Median duration of treatment was 20.1 and 20.3 weeks for fulvestrant and sapanisertib respectively). | 47 |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW Fulvestrant 500 mg, IM, once on Days 1 and 15 in Cycle 1, and then on Day 1 of each subsequent 28-day cycle along with sapanisertib 30 mg, capsule, orally, once weekly in each 28-day treatment cycle until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent (Median duration of treatment was 17.0 weeks for fulvestrant and sapanisertib, each). | 48 |
| Total | 141 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Death | 20 | 15 | 18 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Site Terminated by Sponsor | 24 | 30 | 21 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Patient | 2 | 1 | 8 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Total | Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 60.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.1 | 59.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.05 | 57.9 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.04 | 60.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.92 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 5 Participants | 16 Participants | 7 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 37 Participants | 118 Participants | 40 Participants | 41 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 4 Participants | 7 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants | 6 Participants | 3 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 44 Participants | 133 Participants | 44 Participants | 45 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Spain | 23 Participants | 90 Participants | 33 Participants | 34 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 23 Participants | 51 Participants | 15 Participants | 13 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 46 Participants | 141 Participants | 48 Participants | 47 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 20 / 46 | 15 / 47 | 18 / 48 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 38 / 46 | 47 / 47 | 47 / 47 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 8 / 46 | 13 / 47 | 8 / 47 |
Outcome results
Primary
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
PFS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documentation of progressive disease (PD) or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1, PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter (LD) of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions.
Time frame: Up to 40 months
Population: Full Analysis Set included all randomized participants.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 3.5 months |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 7.2 months |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 5.6 months |
p-value: 0.53795% CI: [0.47, 1.26]Log Rank
p-value: 0.84995% CI: [0.53, 1.45]Log Rank
Secondary
Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR)
CBR was defined as the percentage of participants who achieved a best response of CR, PR, or stable disease (SD) of any duration. CR was defined as disappearance of all target lesions, non-target lesions, no new lesions, and normalization of tumor marker level. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, no progression in non-target lesion, and no new lesions. SD was defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD.
Time frame: Up to 40 months
Population: Safety Analysis Set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) | 60.9 percentage of participants |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD | Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) | 74.5 percentage of participants |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) | 66.0 percentage of participants |
95% CI: [0.94, 6.94]
95% CI: [0.69, 4.44]
Secondary
Objective Response Rate (ORR)
ORR was defined as the percentage of participants who achieve a best response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) according to RECIST v1.1 criteria. CR was defined as disappearance of all target lesions, non-target lesions, no new lesions, and normalization of tumor marker level. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, no progression in non-target lesion, and no new lesions.
Time frame: Up to 40 months
Population: Safety Analysis Set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Objective Response Rate (ORR) | 10.9 percentage of participants |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD | Objective Response Rate (ORR) | 21.3 percentage of participants |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Objective Response Rate (ORR) | 12.8 percentage of participants |
95% CI: [0.68, 7.29]
95% CI: [0.34, 4.39]
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS)
OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death.
Time frame: Up to 164 weeks
Population: Full Analysis Set included all randomized participants.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Overall Survival (OS) | 30.5 months |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD | Overall Survival (OS) | NA months |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Overall Survival (OS) | 34.2 months |
p-value: 0.27695% CI: [0.36, 1.4]Log Rank
p-value: 0.4795% CI: [0.47, 1.68]Log Rank
Secondary
Percentage of Participants Who Experienced at Least One Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE)
An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a drug; it does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. A TEAE is defined as an adverse event with an onset that occurs after receiving study drug.
Time frame: Up to 164 weeks
Population: Safety Analysis Set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced at Least One Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) | 89.1 percentage of participants |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced at Least One Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) | 100.0 percentage of participants |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Percentage of Participants Who Experienced at Least One Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) | 100.0 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Time to Progression (TTP)
TTP was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first documentation of progression. Per RECIST v1.1, PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of the LD of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions.
Time frame: Up to 40 months
Population: Full Analysis Set included all randomized participants.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: Fulvestrant 500 mg | Time to Progression (TTP) | 3.5 months |
| Arm B: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 4 mg QD | Time to Progression (TTP) | 7.2 months |
| Arm C: Fulvestrant 500 mg + Sapanisertib 30 mg QW | Time to Progression (TTP) | 5.6 months |
p-value: 0.49595% CI: [0.46, 1.25]Log Rank
p-value: 0.64695% CI: [0.49, 1.38]Log Rank