Child
Conditions
Keywords
Surface electromyography, children, backpack
Brief summary
The purpose of the present study is to analyze the influence of four backpack loading conditions (0, 10, 15 and 20% of body weight) on the electromyographic activity of the neck and lumbar muscles of elementary school children.
Detailed description
Elementary school children participated in the present study, between the ages of 6 and 10. Bilateral sternocleidomastoid, rectus abdominis and erector spinae muscles activity were recorded using surface electromyography (sEMG), while tested for the effect of four randomized backpack loading conditions.
Interventions
OTHERloading conditions
Different backpack loading conditions 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% allocated randomly
Sponsors
University Fernando Pessoa
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to 10 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* children with tutor consent
Exclusion criteria
* children with cognitive impairment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | one year | EMG signals were initially filtered with a Notch Filter of 50hz, due to the DC power line, using MATLAB 7.11 (v.2010). The signal was then detrended, converted into millivolts and normalized. the normalized signal was then used to calculate the route mean square. |
Participant flow
Recruitment details
elementary school children, male and female, with no history of spine problems. Tutors provided legal authorization.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Healthy School Children Participants had to stand with different backpack loading conditions. | 14 |
| Total | 14 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Healthy School Children |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 14 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 8.93 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.73 |
| Region of Enrollment Portugal | 14 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 9 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 5 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 14 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 14 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 14 |
Outcome results
Primary
Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square
EMG signals were initially filtered with a Notch Filter of 50hz, due to the DC power line, using MATLAB 7.11 (v.2010). The signal was then detrended, converted into millivolts and normalized. the normalized signal was then used to calculate the route mean square.
Time frame: one year
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | left lumbar erector spinae at 0% of body weight | 13.96 milivolts | Standard Deviation 8.45 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | left lumbar erector spinae at 10% of body weight | 10.70 milivolts | Standard Deviation 7.31 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | left lumbar erector spinae at 15% of body weight | 10.85 milivolts | Standard Deviation 7.47 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | left lumbar erector spinae at 20% of body weight | 9.28 milivolts | Standard Deviation 5.47 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right lumbar erector spinae at 0% of body weight | 13.36 milivolts | Standard Deviation 8.73 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right lumbar erector spinae at 10% of body weight | 9.20 milivolts | Standard Deviation 7.47 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right lumbar erector spinae at 15% of body weight | 7.19 milivolts | Standard Deviation 3.67 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right lumbar erector spinae at 20% of body weight | 6.55 milivolts | Standard Deviation 2.91 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left cervical erector spinae at 0% of body weight | 8.56 milivolts | Standard Deviation 4.41 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left cervical erector spinae at 10% of body weight | 7.66 milivolts | Standard Deviation 2.43 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left cervical erector spinae at 15% of body weight | 8.69 milivolts | Standard Deviation 3.15 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left cervical erector spinae at 20% of body weight | 9.85 milivolts | Standard Deviation 4.5 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right cervical erector spinae at 0% of body weight | 7.77 milivolts | Standard Deviation 2.89 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right cervical erec spinae at 10% of body weight | 8.91 milivolts | Standard Deviation 3.81 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right cervical erec spinae at 15% of body weight | 9.32 milivolts | Standard Deviation 3.28 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right cervical erec spinae at 20% of body weight | 11.10 milivolts | Standard Deviation 3.67 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left Rectus Abdominis at 0% of body weight | 3.35 milivolts | Standard Deviation 0.29 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left Rectus Abdominis at 10% of body weight | 3.68 milivolts | Standard Deviation 0.6 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left Rectus Abdominis at 15% of body weight | 4.27 milivolts | Standard Deviation 1.77 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Left Rectus Abdominis at 20% of body weight | 4.03 milivolts | Standard Deviation 1.16 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right Rectus Abdominis at 0% of body weight | 3.64 milivolts | Standard Deviation 0.32 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right Rectus Abdominis at 10% of body weight | 3.88 milivolts | Standard Deviation 0.29 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right Rectus Abdominis at 15% of body weight | 4.94 milivolts | Standard Deviation 2.58 |
| Healthy School Children | Muscle Activity as a Measure of Route Mean Square | Right Rectus Abdominis at 20% of body weight | 4.54 milivolts | Standard Deviation 1.5 |