Schizophrenia
Conditions
Keywords
Virtual Reality, Negative Symptoms
Brief summary
The loss of motivation has emerged as a critical symptom in schizophrenia that is consistently linked to functional disability for affected individuals. Despite advances in treatment, there have not emerged any effective treatments for this loss of motivation, which ultimately hinders our ability to promote recovery for individuals with schizophrenia. To address this critical unmet therapeutic need, this study aims to investigate a novel computerized motivation rehabilitation program using virtual reality to treat motivation loss in schizophrenia.
Detailed description
Motivational deficits have emerged as a critical determinant of functional disability in schizophrenia (SZ). Despite significant advances in our understanding and treatment of the illness, effective therapeutic strategies for motivational deficits have remained elusive. This has ultimately hindered our ability to promote recovery for individuals with SZ so that they can return to their premorbid level of functioning. An emerging therapeutic approach in SZ has utilized computerized remediation strategies, with recent efforts focused on cognitive deficits. To date, however, such a therapeutic strategy has not been developed for the critical motivational deficits in SZ. In light of the detrimental functional consequences of motivational deficits in SZ, there is a clear need for effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these motivational deficits experienced by affected individuals. To address this unmet therapeutic need, this pilot therapeutic trial will investigate the efficacy of a novel virtual reality-based motivation rehabilitation program in schizophrenia.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALVR Motivation Training
Computerized treatment with a virtual reality-based motivation training program, administered for 1 hour per week for 8 weeks.
Sponsors
Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Between 18 and 35 years old; 2. DSM-IV diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder; 3. Outpatients on a stable dose of antipsychotic and other psychotropic medications for the preceding 4 weeks; 4. Minimum Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) score of 34.
Exclusion criteria
1. Diagnosis of other DSM-IV Axis I disorders; 2. History of active substance abuse or dependence in the past 6 months, with the exception of nicotine; 3. History of neurological disease; 4. History of head trauma with loss of consciousness \>30 minutes 5. Presence of significant akathisia (a rating of \>2 on the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS) Global item); or 6. Presence of significant extrapyramidal symptoms (a rating of \>2 on \>2 items of the Simpson Angus Rating Scale (SARS)) 7. Any MRI contraindications.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) | 9 weeks |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of Life Scale (QLS) | 9 weeks | — |
| Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) | 9 weeks | — |
| Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) | 9 weeks | — |
| Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) | 9 weeks | — |
| Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) | 9 weeks | — |
| Functional Brain Imaging | 9 weeks | Change in regional brain activity measured with functional MRI |
| Structural Brain Imaging | 9 weeks | Changes in brain structure (e.g., white matter tract integrity) measure with structural MRI |
| Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) | 9 weeks | — |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed