EYTO-kids-Pilot: European Youth Tackling Obesity in Adolescents and Children.

Dietary Modification

The primary aim is to promote healthy lifestyles among young people, through the design and implementation of health promotion activities carried out by adolescents (12-14 years old) to scholars of primary education (8-10 years old), using social marketing and peer-led strategy. The secondary aims are: 1) to increase fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity practice in scholars and adolescents; 2) to reduce sedentary lifestyles, sugary drinks and fast-food in scholars and adolescents. The EYTO-kids program is a randomized, parallel, intervention program with control group, with a 2 academic courses, 2015-2016 to 2016-2017 (10 months in total), in Reus (Spain). To achieve the aims, social marketing and peer-led methodologies will be used at the intervention design and implementation. Adolescents from secondary education (1st /2nd ESO: Educación Secundaria Obligatoria-Obligatory Secondary Education) will design and implement activities to scholars from primary education (3rd/4th primary education). The adolescents from the intervention group will design and implement activities to implement them in to children, and the control group will not receive any kind of intervention (only the assessment). Participation will occur according to the randomized sample size, where a minimum of 208 adolescents (104 as intervention and 104 as control group), and 602 scholars (301 as intervention and 301 as control group) will be involved. The inclusion criteria are: to have signed informed consent (from mother/father/guardian of the participant), to provide basic demographic data, to assist participating schools and to answer a lifestyle questionnaire.

Nowadays, unhealthy lifestyles are associated with some chronic diseases, especially obesity. If the improvement of healthy lifestyles occurs during childhood or adolescence, long-term effectiveness can be achieved. To improve healthy lifestyles, interventions that use strategies such as social marketing (based on commercial marketing, including 8 criteria to choice healthy options) and peer-led methodology (also known as peer education, is based in the transmission of healthy messages from peers to peers), have demonstrated effectiveness in youth health promotion. The primary aim is to promote healthy lifestyles among young people, through the design and implementation of health promotion activities carried out by adolescents (12-14 years old) to scholars of primary education (8-10 years old), using social marketing and peer-led strategy. The secondary aims are: 1) to increase fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity practice in scholars and adolescents; 2) to reduce sedentary lifestyles, sugary drinks and fast-food in scholars and adolescents. The EYTO-kids program is a pilot cluster, randomized, parallel, intervention program with control group, with a 2 academic courses, 2015-2016 to 2016-2017 (10 months in total), in Reus (Spain). To achieve the aims, social marketing and peer-led methodologies will be used at the intervention design and implementation. Adolescents from secondary education (1st /2nd ESO: Educación Secundaria Obligatoria-Obligatory Secondary Education) will design and implement activities to scholars from primary education (3rd/4th primary education). The adolescents from the intervention group will design and implement activities to implement them in to children, and the control group will not receive any kind of intervention (only the assessment). Participation will occur according to the randomized sample size, where a minimum of 208 adolescents (104 as intervention and 104 as control group), and 602 scholars (301 as intervention and 301 as control group) will be involved. The inclusion criteria are: to have signed informed consent (from mother/father/guardian of the participant), to provide basic demographic data, to assist participating schools and to answer a lifestyle questionnaire. The intervention: Adolescents will receive 16h of training (2h healthy lifestyle training, social marketing and communication, 6h to design activities, 2h session together with all intervention high-schools, 6h to practice and standardize activities) and 4h (1h/activity) to implement 4 activities in schools. The scholars will receive 4 activities designed by adolescents, focusing on: 1) increasing fruit consumption, 2) increasing vegetable consumption, 3) increasing physical activity practice and to reduce sedentary lifestyles and, 4) decreasing sugary drinks and fast-food consumption. All participants (intervention and control group) will respond a questionnaire composed by 4 validated questionnaires (ENkid questionnaire, AVall questionnaire, HBSC questionnaire and HABITS questionnaire). It is expected to increase the percentage of scholars and adolescents that: Consume 1 fruit/day (primary outcome) Consume 1 vegetable/day Practice ≥4h/week physical activity practice (primary outcome) And decrease the percentage of scholars and adolescents that: Practice sedentary lifestyles Consume sugary drinks every day Attend ≥ once/week to fast-food restaurants.