Alzheimer's Disease
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of the study is to estimate the Chinese economic burden in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
Detailed description
This observational study covered all the 30 provincials/municipals/autonomous in mainland China except Hong Kong and Macau. Tier 3 hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, elderly hospitals, nursing home and communities were randomly selected as research centers, and more than 2500 patients with AD and their caregivers were enrolled at last. The main outcome of this study was assessed not only by the electronic medical system of communities and hospitals, but also by questionnaires. Using a societal prevalence-based gross COI approach to estimated the total yearly costs of AD in China.
Interventions
OTHERobservation
The study is non-interventional.
Sponsors
Chinese Medical Doctor Association
Beijing Friendship Hospital
Study design
Observational model
CASE_ONLY
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. New patients who are diagnosed with AD in this investigation or old patients who were diagnosed prior to this investigation were eligible； 2. AD diagnosis must meet criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) and the National Institute of Neurologic and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA). The diagnosis should also meet the following: Modified Hachinski Ischemic Scale (MHIS) score≤4, Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) score≥23, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score\<11. Neuroimaging MRI support AD diagnosis (exist atrophy in medial temporal lobe, white matter lesions score≤2 minutes according to the Fazekas criteria. AD disease classification according to mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale (for illiterate dementia: mild: 21\ 24 points; moderate: 11\ 20 points; severe: 10 points or less; for lettered dementia: mild: 16\ 19 points; moderate: 8\ 15 points; severe: 7 points or less). The diagnosis of AD was confirmed by brain CT or MRI scans and by laboratory tests to rule out any other significant comorbidity. 3. 60-year-old and above, men or women. 4. Normal vision or corrected visual, normal audition or corrected auditory, and cooperate with inspections and treatments. 5. Consent to participate with a signed informed consent by himself/herself or guardians.
Exclusion criteria
1. Patient with vascular dementia or dementia caused by other reasons, such as major depression or other major psychiatric illnesses, thyroid dysfunction, encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, and other dementia which includes frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's dementia (PDD). 2. MRI and laboratory tests (blood cell counts, liver and renal function, electrolyte, vitamin B12/folic, HIV, syphilis, and so on) do not support or rule out AD diagnoses. 3. Has a history of alcoholism and drug abuse.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Annual National Total Socioeconomic Cost for All AD Patients in China | one year | The annual national total socioeconomic cost for all patients with AD in China in 2015 was obtained, with the average annual cost per patient with AD from our results multiplied by the all number of patients with AD in 2015. So, the value reported in the data table below represents the total cost for all all participants in China. |
Countries
China
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Participant Patients Patient aged ≥60 years, inclusion criteria were: (1) a primary diagnosis of AD according to the National Institute of Neurologic and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria, 13 diagnosed by a dementia specialist; (2) complete information about the economic costs of AD and comorbidities, obtained from electronic medical records systems and face-to-face interviews; and (3) no co-morbidity with direct medical cost \> 10% of the total annual costs due to AD. | 3,046 |
| Total | 3,046 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Participant Patients | — |
|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 75.24 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.43 | — |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | — Participants |
| Region of Enrollment China | 3046 participants | — |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 1651 Participants | — |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 1395 Participants | — |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 0 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 0 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
The Annual National Total Socioeconomic Cost for All AD Patients in China
The annual national total socioeconomic cost for all patients with AD in China in 2015 was obtained, with the average annual cost per patient with AD from our results multiplied by the all number of patients with AD in 2015. So, the value reported in the data table below represents the total cost for all all participants in China.
Time frame: one year
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Participant AD Patients | The Annual National Total Socioeconomic Cost for All AD Patients in China | 167.74 billion US$ |