Restenosis, Stenosis
Conditions
Keywords
ESRD, Stenosis, Restenosis, Hemodialysis, AV Fistula, Arteriovenous (AV)
Brief summary
The objective of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of the COVERA™ Vascular Covered Stent for the treatment of stenotic lesions in the upper extremity venous outflow of the Arteriovenous (AV) access circuit.
Detailed description
This study will compare the use of the COVERA™ Vascular Covered Stent (following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)) to PTA alone for the treatment of stenotic lesions in the upper extremity venous outflow of the arteriovenous (AV) access circuit of subjects dialyzing with an AV fistula.
Interventions
Treatment of stenoses with primary percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and placement of the Covera Vascular Covered Stent.
Treatment of stenoses with PTA only
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Clinical Inclusion Criteria: * Subject must voluntarily sign and date the Informed Consent Form (ICF) prior to collection of study data or performance of study procedures. * Subject must be either a male or non-pregnant female ≥ 21 years of age with an expected lifespan sufficient to allow for completion of all study procedures. * Subject must be willing to comply with the protocol requirements, including the clinical and telephone follow-up. * Subject must have an upper extremity arteriovenous (AV) fistula that has undergone at least one successful dialysis session with two-needle cannulation, prior to the index procedure. Angiographic Inclusion Criteria: * Subject must have angiographic evidence of a stenosis ≥ 50% (by visual estimation) located in the venous outflow of the AV access circuit and present with clinical or hemodynamic evidence of AV fistula dysfunction. * The target lesion must be ≤ 9cm in length. Note: multiple stenoses may exist within the target lesion. * The reference vessel diameter of the adjacent non-stenotic vein must be between 5.0 and 9.0mm. Clinical
Exclusion criteria
* The subject is dialyzing with an AV graft. * The target lesion has had a corresponding thrombosis treated within 7 days prior to the index procedure. * The hemodialysis access is located in the lower extremity. * The subject has an infected AV fistula or uncontrolled systemic infection. * The subject has a known uncontrolled blood coagulation/bleeding disorder. * The subject has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to contrast media which cannot be adequately pre-medicated. * The subject has a known hypersensitivity to nickel-titanium (Nitinol) or tantalum. * The subject has another medical condition, which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may cause him/her to be non-compliant with the protocol, confound the data interpretation, or is associated with a life expectancy insufficient to allow for the completion of study procedures and follow-up. * The subject is currently participating in an investigational drug or another device study that has not completed the study treatment or that clinically interferes with the study endpoints. Note: Studies requiring extended follow-up visits for products that were investigational, but have since become commercially available, are not considered investigational studies. Angiographic
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Effectiveness Endpoint: Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | 6 months post index procedure | TLPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next clinically driven reintervention at, or adjacent to,the original treatment site or until the extremity is abandoned for permanent access. Primary patency ends when any of the following occurs: a) clinically driven reintervention in the treatment area; b) thrombotic occlusion within the treatment area; c) surgical intervention that excludes the original treatment area from the AV circuit, and/or d) abandonment of the AV fistula due to inability to treat the original treatment area. COVERA Vascular Covered Stent (following PTA) is evaluated against subjects treated PTA alone. |
| Number of Participants With Freedom From AV Access Circuit Localized or Systemic Serious Adverse Events | 30 days post index procedure | Safety is defined as freedom from any adverse event(s) (AEs), localized or systemic, that reasonably suggests the involvement of the AV access circuit (not including stenosis or thrombosis) that require or result in any of the following alone or in combination: additional interventions (including surgery); in-patient hospitalization or prolongation of an existing hospitalization; or death. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | 1, 3, 18 and 24 months post index procedure | Defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next clinically driven reintervention at the original treatment site or until the extremity is abandoned for permanent access. mITT subjects results are presented. N= number of subjects in the mITT Population with evaluable data. Evaluation through 1, 3, 18 and 24 months post index procedure. |
| Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | 1, 3, 12, 18, and 24 months post index procedure | ACPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next access thrombosis or repeated intervention. N = number of subjects in the mITT Population with evaluable data. |
| Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | Evaluation through 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-index procedure | Number of Participants Free from Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit (ITT population). Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 90 days and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria. The relationships with device/procedure of the events are based on CEC adjudications. |
| Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure | Defined as the number of reinterventions to the AV access circuit until access abandonment or through study completion. Whereas the outcome measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months, the interim report only provides the 1, 3, and 6 months results. The 12,18 and 24 months results will be provided in the final reporting for the study. MITT results are presented for this analysis. |
| Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions defined as the number of reinterventions to maintain target lesion patency (mITT subjects). Whereas the outcome measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months. |
| Number of Patients With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) at 12 Months Post Index Procedure | 12 months post-index procedure | TLPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next clinically driven reintervention at the original treatment site or until the extremity is abandoned for permanent access. Primary patency ends when any of the following occurs: a) clinically driven reintervention in the treatment area; b) thrombotic occlusion within the treatment area; c) surgical intervention that excludes the original treatment area from the AV circuit, and/or d) abandonment of the AV fistula due to inability to treat the original treatment area. |
| Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure | IPF-T (Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion) is defined as the time from the index study procedure to study completion or complete access abandonment divided by the number of visits for a reintervention performed at the target lesion in order to maintain vascular access for hemodialysis. Whereas the measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The IPF for target lesion patency is representative of the approximate (mean) number of days between interventions to maintain target lesion patency. Higher values represent a better outcome, that is, more time elapsed between the Index study procedure and reinterventions. |
| Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure | Secondary Patency is defined as the interval after the index intervention until the access is abandoned. Multiple repetitive treatments can be included in post-intervention secondary patency. Whereas the measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months, the interim report only provides the 1, 3, and 6 months results. The 12,18 and 24 months results will be provided in the final reporting for the study. mITT subjects results are presented. |
| Number of Participants With Technical Success | On Day of Index Procedure | Technical Success is defined as successful deployment, based on the operator's opinion, of the implant to the intended location assessed at the time of the index procedure. Therefore, for this measure, only COVERA data are relevant. mITT results are presented. Number of participants (n) included in this analysis is different from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 90 days and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria. Technical success was assessed on the day the index procedure was performed, which may be a different day for each participant. |
| Number of Participants With Procedure Success | On Day of Index Procedure | Procedure Success is defined as anatomic success and resolution of the pre-procedural clinical indicator(s) (clinical success) of a hemodynamically significant stenosis. Procedure success was assessed on the day the index procedure was performed, which may be a different day for each participant. |
| Index of Patency Function (IPF) | 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure | IPF is defined as the time from the index study procedure to study completion or access abandonment divided by the number of visits for a reintervention performed on the AV access circuit in order to maintain vascular access for hemodialysis. A visit is defined as one (1) procedural event, regardless of the number or type of interventions performed during the visit. The index procedure is counted as the first visit to ensure all subjects have a denominator of at least one. Whereas the measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months. The IPF is representative of the number of days between interventions to maintain access circuit patency. Higher values represent a better outcome, that is, more time elapsed between the Index study procedure and reinterventions. mITT results are analyzed. |
| Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP). | 6 months post index procedure | ACPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next access thrombosis or repeated intervention. ACPP ends with a reintervention anywhere within the access circuit. Vessel rupture caused by PTA is not an ACPP failure unless achieving hemostasis also causes thrombosis. Testing of this secondary endpoint is performed in a hierarchical fashion. Thus, In order to perform hypothesis test of ACPP at 6-month, TLPP at 12-months must be successful. |
Countries
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Between June 9, 2016, and July 20, 2017, Investigators randomized 280 subjects into the study at 24 sites in the US, Europe, and Australia/New Zealand (50-75% of subjects treated in the US). The final subject completed 6 month follow-up on January 30, 2018. Anticipated data of study completion (last subject, last visit) is Q3, 2019.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA Placement of the Covera Vascular Covered Stent following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
Covera Vascular Covered Stent following PTA: Treatment of stenoses with primary percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and placement of the Covera Vascular Covered Stent. | 142 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA) will be performed using a commercially available uncoated PTA balloon. Balloons with an external wire support, cutting/scoring component or other similar modifications are not permitted. Multiple balloons, inflations and/or prolonged inflation may be used.
Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTA) with Uncoated PTA Balloon: Treatment of stenoses with PTA only | 138 |
| Total | 280 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Death | 7 | 9 |
| Overall Study | Erroneously enrolled | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 2 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Missed 6-month follow-up visit | 0 | 4 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized ≥ 65 and < 75 years | 36 Participants | 45 Participants | 81 Participants |
| Age, Customized < 65 years | 79 Participants | 76 Participants | 155 Participants |
| Age, Customized ≥ 75 years | 27 Participants | 17 Participants | 44 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Access Position At Elbow | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Access Position Forearm | 9 Participants | 8 Participants | 17 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Access Position Upper Arm | 132 Participants | 130 Participants | 262 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Fistula Configuration All Other | 19 Participants | 14 Participants | 33 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Fistula Configuration Brachiocephalic | 84 Participants | 78 Participants | 162 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Fistula Configuration Radiocephalic | 12 Participants | 9 Participants | 21 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Fistula Configuration Transposed Brachiobasilic | 27 Participants | 37 Participants | 64 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description:Inflow Artery Axillary | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 4 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description:Inflow Artery Brachial | 128 Participants | 127 Participants | 255 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description:Inflow Artery Radial | 12 Participants | 9 Participants | 21 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Outflow Vein Axillary | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 3 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Outflow Vein Basilic | 35 Participants | 42 Participants | 77 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Outflow Vein Cephalic | 105 Participants | 95 Participants | 200 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Target Limb Left Arm | 106 Participants | 110 Participants | 216 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Target Limb Right Arm | 36 Participants | 28 Participants | 64 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Transposed No | 106 Participants | 95 Participants | 201 Participants |
| AV Access Circuit Description: Transposed Yes | 36 Participants | 43 Participants | 79 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 48 Participants | 54 Participants | 102 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 93 Participants | 84 Participants | 177 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Medical History Cardiovascular Disease | 95 Participants | 95 Participants | 190 Participants |
| Medical History Cigarette Smoking (current or former) | 62 Participants | 62 Participants | 124 Participants |
| Medical History Diabetes (Type 1 and 2) | 108 Participants | 103 Participants | 211 Participants |
| Medical History Dyslipidemia | 95 Participants | 85 Participants | 180 Participants |
| Medical History Hypertension | 139 Participants | 133 Participants | 272 Participants |
| Medical History Other Disease | 129 Participants | 129 Participants | 258 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian | 0 Participants | 6 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black or African American | 36 Participants | 36 Participants | 72 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Island | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other | 4 Participants | 4 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 100 Participants | 92 Participants | 192 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Australia | 4 Participants | 4 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Europe | 7 Participants | 3 Participants | 10 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 131 Participants | 131 Participants | 262 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 53 Participants | 54 Participants | 107 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 89 Participants | 84 Participants | 173 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 27 / 142 | 32 / 138 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 119 / 142 | 120 / 138 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 107 / 142 | 110 / 138 |
Outcome results
Effectiveness Endpoint: Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP)
TLPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next clinically driven reintervention at, or adjacent to,the original treatment site or until the extremity is abandoned for permanent access. Primary patency ends when any of the following occurs: a) clinically driven reintervention in the treatment area; b) thrombotic occlusion within the treatment area; c) surgical intervention that excludes the original treatment area from the AV circuit, and/or d) abandonment of the AV fistula due to inability to treat the original treatment area. COVERA Vascular Covered Stent (following PTA) is evaluated against subjects treated PTA alone.
Time frame: 6 months post index procedure
Population: Number of Participants with Target Lesion Primary Patency. Modified Intended to Treat (mITT) population results were analyzed for this effectiveness endpoint. N = number of subjects in mITT population with evaluable data. Excluded subjects that discontinued, expired and or access abandoned prior to day 15.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Effectiveness Endpoint: Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | 105 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Effectiveness Endpoint: Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | 55 Participants |
Number of Participants With Freedom From AV Access Circuit Localized or Systemic Serious Adverse Events
Safety is defined as freedom from any adverse event(s) (AEs), localized or systemic, that reasonably suggests the involvement of the AV access circuit (not including stenosis or thrombosis) that require or result in any of the following alone or in combination: additional interventions (including surgery); in-patient hospitalization or prolongation of an existing hospitalization; or death.
Time frame: 30 days post index procedure
Population: Number of Participants Free from Primary Safety Events. All Intended to Treat Subjects (ITT) are included in this analysis. Primary safety endpoint evaluated against standard PTA alone.2 subjects excluded from N COVERA due to discontinuation or death prior to day 23 of follow up. One subject excluded from N PTA arm due to death prior to follow up.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Freedom From AV Access Circuit Localized or Systemic Serious Adverse Events | 133 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Freedom From AV Access Circuit Localized or Systemic Serious Adverse Events | 132 Participants |
Index of Patency Function (IPF)
IPF is defined as the time from the index study procedure to study completion or access abandonment divided by the number of visits for a reintervention performed on the AV access circuit in order to maintain vascular access for hemodialysis. A visit is defined as one (1) procedural event, regardless of the number or type of interventions performed during the visit. The index procedure is counted as the first visit to ensure all subjects have a denominator of at least one. Whereas the measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months. The IPF is representative of the number of days between interventions to maintain access circuit patency. Higher values represent a better outcome, that is, more time elapsed between the Index study procedure and reinterventions. mITT results are analyzed.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure
Population: Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 3 months and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.~mITT subjects results are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 6 month Follow-up | 126.06 Days | Standard Deviation 54.449 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 24 month Follow-up | 219.45 Days | Standard Deviation 178.916 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 12 month Follow-up | 172.04 Days | Standard Deviation 108.69 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 30 days Follow-up | 29.22 Days | Standard Deviation 3.42 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 18 month Follow-up | 199.31 Days | Standard Deviation 145.278 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 90 days Follow-up | 79.41 Days | Standard Deviation 20.511 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 12 month Follow-up | 146.09 Days | Standard Deviation 89.723 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 90 days Follow-up | 78.98 Days | Standard Deviation 20.77 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 6 month Follow-up | 116.11 Days | Standard Deviation 53.175 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 18 month Follow-up | 175.70 Days | Standard Deviation 125.145 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 24 month Follow-up | 180.59 Days | Standard Deviation 135.216 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function (IPF) | Index of Patency at 30 days Follow-up | 29.28 Days | Standard Deviation 3.219 |
Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T)
IPF-T (Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion) is defined as the time from the index study procedure to study completion or complete access abandonment divided by the number of visits for a reintervention performed at the target lesion in order to maintain vascular access for hemodialysis. Whereas the measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The IPF for target lesion patency is representative of the approximate (mean) number of days between interventions to maintain target lesion patency. Higher values represent a better outcome, that is, more time elapsed between the Index study procedure and reinterventions.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure
Population: Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 3 months and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.~mITT subjects results are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 30 days Follow-Up | 29.44 Days | Standard Deviation 2.958 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 90 days Follow-Up | 85.15 Days | Standard Deviation 15.349 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 6 month Follow-Up | 156.32 Days | Standard Deviation 43.724 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 12 month Follow-up | 256.32 Days | Standard Deviation 115.626 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 18 month Follow-Up | 318.24 Days | Standard Deviation 179.651 |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 24 month Follow-Up | 380.40 Days | Standard Deviation 249.548 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 18 month Follow-Up | 200.64 Days | Standard Deviation 130.055 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 30 days Follow-Up | 29.64 Days | Standard Deviation 2.305 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 12 month Follow-up | 160.37 Days | Standard Deviation 87.504 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 90 days Follow-Up | 81.35 Days | Standard Deviation 18.243 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 24 month Follow-Up | 217.57 Days | Standard Deviation 158.373 |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Index of Patency Function - Target Lesion (IPF-T) | IPTF-T at 6 month Follow-Up | 121.75 Days | Standard Deviation 51.94 |
Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit
Number of Participants Free from Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit (ITT population). Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 90 days and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria. The relationships with device/procedure of the events are based on CEC adjudications.
Time frame: Evaluation through 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-index procedure
Population: Number of Participants Free from Device and Procedure (DP) Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit (ITT subjects).~Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 90 days and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 30 day Follow-up | 127 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 90 day Follow-up | 124 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 6 month Follow-up | 118 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 12 month Follow-up | 108 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 18 month Follow-Up | 99 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 24 month Follow-up | 91 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 18 month Follow-Up | 102 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 30 day Follow-up | 132 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 12 month Follow-up | 112 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 90 day Follow-up | 127 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 24 month Follow-up | 90 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants Free From Device and Procedure Related AEs Involving the AV Access Circuit | DP AEs Free at 6 month Follow-up | 122 Participants |
Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP)
ACPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next access thrombosis or repeated intervention. N = number of subjects in the mITT Population with evaluable data.
Time frame: 1, 3, 12, 18, and 24 months post index procedure
Population: Number of Participants with ACPP by Follow-up Period (mITT subjects). Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days and 90 days follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 30-day Follow-up | 133 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 18 month Follow-Up | 17 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 12-month Follow-Up | 33 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 24 month Follow-Up | 13 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 90-day Follow-up | 110 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 24 month Follow-Up | 9 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 30-day Follow-up | 120 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 90-day Follow-up | 95 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 12-month Follow-Up | 19 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP) | ACPP at 18 month Follow-Up | 13 Participants |
Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP).
ACPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next access thrombosis or repeated intervention. ACPP ends with a reintervention anywhere within the access circuit. Vessel rupture caused by PTA is not an ACPP failure unless achieving hemostasis also causes thrombosis. Testing of this secondary endpoint is performed in a hierarchical fashion. Thus, In order to perform hypothesis test of ACPP at 6-month, TLPP at 12-months must be successful.
Time frame: 6 months post index procedure
Population: Number of Participants with Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP). Modified Intended to Treat (mITT) population results were analyzed for this effectiveness endpoint. N = number of subjects in mITT population with evaluable data. Excluded subjects that discontinued, expired and or access abandoned prior to day 15.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP). | 67 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Access Circuit Primary Patency (ACPP). | 50 Participants |
Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency
Secondary Patency is defined as the interval after the index intervention until the access is abandoned. Multiple repetitive treatments can be included in post-intervention secondary patency. Whereas the measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months, the interim report only provides the 1, 3, and 6 months results. The 12,18 and 24 months results will be provided in the final reporting for the study. mITT subjects results are presented.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure
Population: Post-Intervention Secondary Patency by Follow-Up Period (mITT Subjects). (n) varies in relation to the number of failures (access abandonment) recorded at 30 days, 90 days and 6 months. Accordingly, the (n) for each period may be different from the overall (N) reported in the Participant Flow section.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 30 days | 139 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 90 days | 136 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 6 months | 131 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 12 months | 115 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 18 months | 103 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 24 months | 95 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 18 months | 91 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 30 days | 125 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 12 months | 102 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 90 days | 119 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 24 months | 76 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Post-intervention Secondary Patency | Participants with Secondary Patency at 6 months | 113 Participants |
Number of Participants With Procedure Success
Procedure Success is defined as anatomic success and resolution of the pre-procedural clinical indicator(s) (clinical success) of a hemodynamically significant stenosis. Procedure success was assessed on the day the index procedure was performed, which may be a different day for each participant.
Time frame: On Day of Index Procedure
Population: Procedure Success (mITT Subjects). Number of participants (n) included in this analysis is different from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 90 days and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Procedure Success | 138 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Procedure Success | 124 Participants |
Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP)
Defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next clinically driven reintervention at the original treatment site or until the extremity is abandoned for permanent access. mITT subjects results are presented. N= number of subjects in the mITT Population with evaluable data. Evaluation through 1, 3, 18 and 24 months post index procedure.
Time frame: 1, 3, 18 and 24 months post index procedure
Population: Number of Participants with Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP). Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days or 90 days follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 30-day Follow-up | 136 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 90-day Follow-up | 125 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 18 month Follow-Up | 44 Participants |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 24 month Follow-Up | 40 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 24 month Follow-Up | 10 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 30-day Follow-up | 122 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 18 month Follow-Up | 16 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Participants With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) | TLPP at 90-day Follow-up | 98 Participants |
Number of Participants With Technical Success
Technical Success is defined as successful deployment, based on the operator's opinion, of the implant to the intended location assessed at the time of the index procedure. Therefore, for this measure, only COVERA data are relevant. mITT results are presented. Number of participants (n) included in this analysis is different from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 30 days, 90 days and 6 months follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria. Technical success was assessed on the day the index procedure was performed, which may be a different day for each participant.
Time frame: On Day of Index Procedure
Population: Number of Participants with Acute Technical Success (mITT Subjects). Please note that Technical Success is defined as successful deployment, based on the operator's opinion, of the implant to the intended location assessed at the time of the index procedure. Therefore, for this measure, only COVERA data are relevant.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Participants With Technical Success | 140 Participants |
Number of Patients With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) at 12 Months Post Index Procedure
TLPP is defined as the interval following the index intervention until the next clinically driven reintervention at the original treatment site or until the extremity is abandoned for permanent access. Primary patency ends when any of the following occurs: a) clinically driven reintervention in the treatment area; b) thrombotic occlusion within the treatment area; c) surgical intervention that excludes the original treatment area from the AV circuit, and/or d) abandonment of the AV fistula due to inability to treat the original treatment area.
Time frame: 12 months post-index procedure
Population: Number of Participants with Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP). Number of participants (n) in each follow-up periods varies from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before the 12 month follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Number of Patients With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) at 12 Months Post Index Procedure | 67 Participants |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Number of Patients With Target Lesion Primary Patency (TLPP) at 12 Months Post Index Procedure | 23 Participants |
Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions
Defined as the number of reinterventions to the AV access circuit until access abandonment or through study completion. Whereas the outcome measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months, the interim report only provides the 1, 3, and 6 months results. The 12,18 and 24 months results will be provided in the final reporting for the study. MITT results are presented for this analysis.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure
Population: The (n) in each follow-up periods vary from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before each follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.~The total number of Reinterventions by Follow-Up Period was analyzed as opposed to the number of subjects with at least one AV Access Circuit Reintervention -mITT subjects
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 30 days | 7 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 90 days | 35 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 6 months | 103 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 12 months | 226 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 18 months | 310 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 24 months | 390 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 18 months | 313 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 30 days | 6 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 12 months | 241 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 90 days | 34 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 24 months | 398 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Arteriovenous (AV) Access Circuit Reinterventions | AV Access Circuit Reinterventions at 6 months | 107 AV Access Circuit Reinterventions |
Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions
Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions defined as the number of reinterventions to maintain target lesion patency (mITT subjects). Whereas the outcome measure time frames for the overall study are 1, 3, 6, 12,18 and 24 months.
Time frame: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post index procedure
Population: The (n) in each follow-up periods vary from overall enrollment (N) as some subjects discontinued participation before each follow-up or did not meet endpoint inclusion criteria.~The total number of Target Lesion Reinterventions by Follow-Up Period was analyzed as opposed to the number of subjects with at least one AV Target Lesion Reintervention.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions at 30 day Follow-up | 5 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions at 90 day Follow-up | 16 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions 6 month Follow-up | 40 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions at 12 month Follow-Up | 95 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reintervention at 18 month Follow-Up | 139 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| Covera Vascular Covered Stent Following PTA | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reintervention at 24 month Follow-Up | 179 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reintervention at 18 month Follow-Up | 248 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions at 30 day Follow-up | 3 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions at 12 month Follow-Up | 196 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions at 90 day Follow-up | 24 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reintervention at 24 month Follow-Up | 309 Target Lesion Reinterventions |
| PTA Only Using Uncoated PTA Balloon | Total Number of Target Lesion Reinterventions | Target Lesion Reinterventions 6 month Follow-up | 92 Target Lesion Reinterventions |