Acute Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma, Chronic Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma, HTLV-1 Infection, Lymphomatous Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma, Smoldering Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase II trial studies how well nivolumab works in treating patients with human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-associated T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Nivolumab is an antibody, which is a type of blood protein that tags infected cells and other harmful agents. Nivolumab works against a protein called programmed cell death (PD)-1 and may help the body destroy cancer cells by helping the immune system to keep fighting cancer.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the safety and tolerability of nivolumab for patients with HTLV-associated adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL). II. To determine the efficacy of nivolumab for patients with HTLV-associated ATLL. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine effects of nivolumab on HTLV-1 proviral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) loads. II. To determine the effects of nivolumab on anti-HTLV-1 and anti-ATLL immune responses. III. To determine effects of nivolumab on HTLV-1 integration site clonality. OUTLINE: Patients receive nivolumab intravenously (IV) over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 46 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 1 year.
Interventions
OTHERLaboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies
BIOLOGICALNivolumab
Given IV
Correlative studies
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients with any stage of pathologically confirmed cluster of differentiation (CD)3+ acute, lymphoma, chronic, or smoldering subtypes of ATLL * Documentation of HTLV infection (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay \[ELISA\]) in individual with confirmation of HTLV-1 infection (by immunoblot or polymerase chain reaction \[PCR\]) or a consistent clinical picture (including two of the following: 1) CD4+ leukemia or lymphoma, 2) hypercalcemia, and/or 3) Japanese, Caribbean or South American birthplace) * Patients with acute or lymphoma forms must have received at least one cycle of combination chemotherapy (with or without mogamulizumab) or interferon (with or without zidovudine and/or arsenic); individuals with chronic or smoldering acute T-cell lymphoma (ATL) are not required to have had prior treatment or could have received any number of previous courses of therapy * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2 (Karnofsky \>= 60%) * Life expectancy \> 12 weeks * Leukocytes \>= 3,000/mcL * Absolute neutrophil count \>= 1,500/mcL * Platelets \>= 100,000/mcL * Total bilirubin within normal institutional limits * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase \[SGOT\])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) =\< 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal * Creatinine within normal institutional limits OR creatinine clearance \>= 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal * Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; or abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; women should continue birth control for 23 weeks after stopping nivolumab, and men should continue birth control for 31 weeks after stopping nivolumab; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately; men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and 31 weeks after completion of nivolumab administration * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
Exclusion criteria
* Patients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 4 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C) prior to entering the study or those who have not recovered from adverse events due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier * Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents * History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to nivolumab * Prior allogeneic transplantation * Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements * Any condition requiring \> 10 mg/d prednisone equivalents * Current or prior HTLV-1 associated inflammatory diseases, including but not limited to myelopathy, uveitis, arthropathy, pneumonitis, or a Sjogren's disease-like disorder * Prior treatment with anti-PD-1, anti-programmed death-ligand (PD-L)1, anti-PD-L2 antibody * Grade 2 or greater toxicity from prior therapy * Grade 2 or greater diarrhea * Patients with active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease that might recur, which may affect vital organ function or require immune suppressive treatment including systemic corticosteroids, should be excluded; these include but are not limited to patients with a history of immune related neurologic disease, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune (demyelinating) neuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis; systemic autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), connective tissue diseases, scleroderma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, hepatitis; and patients with a history of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or phospholipid syndrome should be excluded; patients with vitiligo, endocrine deficiencies including thyroiditis managed with replacement hormones including physiologic corticosteroids are eligible; patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other arthropathies (other than HTLV-associated arthropathy), and psoriasis controlled with topical medication and patients with positive serology, such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-thyroid antibodies should be evaluated for the presence of target organ involvement and potential need for systemic treatment but should otherwise be eligible; patients are permitted to enroll if they have vitiligo, type I diabetes mellitus, residual hypothyroidism due to autoimmune condition only requiring hormone replacement, psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment, or conditions not expected to recur in the absence of an external trigger (precipitating event) * Patients who have had evidence of active or acute diverticulitis, intra-abdominal abscess, gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction and abdominal carcinomatosis which are known risk factors for bowel perforation should be evaluated for the potential need for additional treatment before coming on study * Patients who have hepatitis C (both reactive anti-hepatitis C virus \[HCV\] antibody and detectable HCV RNA) and hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface antigen \[HBsAg\] positive and anti-hepatitis B core \[HBc\]-total positive), may be enrolled, provided their total bilirubin: =\< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT): =\< 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal * Patients with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be enrolled if compliant with 3 or more drug anti-retroviral regimen and virus load less than 50 copies/ml and CD4 count greater than 250 cells/ml, and no concurrent opportunistic infection or other malignancy * Any other prior malignancy from which the patient has been disease free for less than 3 years, with the exception of adequately treated and cured basal or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, carcinoma in situ of any site or any other cancer * Pregnant women are excluded from this study; breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with nivolumab
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of Adverse Events of Nivolumab, Graded According to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0 | 1 year | Toxicity by grade will be summarized using descriptive statistics. The incidence of toxicities will be estimated using the binomial proportion and its 90% confidence interval. |
| Tumor Response, Evaluated Using the New International Criteria Proposed by the Revised Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Guideline (Version 1.1) | 1 year | Summarized using descriptive statistics. Binomial proportions and their 90% confidence intervals will be used to estimate the response rates of therapy. |
| Duration of Response | 1 year | Summarized using descriptive statistics. Binomial proportions and their 90% confidence intervals will be used to estimate the response rates of therapy. The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to evaluate the response duration. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| HTLV-1 Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) | 1 year | Measured from PBMC samples. |
| Effects of Treatment | 1 year | Analysis of variance methods will be used to evaluate the effects of treatment. |
| Immune Cell Numbers | 1 year | Measured from blood and tissue samples. |
| Time on the Viral Load Measurements | 1 year | Analysis of variance methods will be used to evaluate the effects of treatment and time on the viral load measurements, as well as measurements of viral transcripts. A proportional hazards analysis with viral load measures as time dependent covariates will be used to evaluate the effects of these measures on duration of response. |
| HTLV-1 Clonality | 1 year | Measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Treatment (Nivolumab) Patients receive nivolumab IV over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 46 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Nivolumab: Given IV
Pharmacogenomic Study: Correlative studies | 3 |
| Total | 3 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lack of Efficacy | 3 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Treatment (Nivolumab) |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 51 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.9 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 0 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 3 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 2 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 1 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 3 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 2 / 3 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 3 / 3 |
Outcome results
Primary
Duration of Response
Summarized using descriptive statistics. Binomial proportions and their 90% confidence intervals will be used to estimate the response rates of therapy. The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to evaluate the response duration.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Duration of response cannot be calculated because of no responders.
Primary
Incidence of Adverse Events of Nivolumab, Graded According to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0
Toxicity by grade will be summarized using descriptive statistics. The incidence of toxicities will be estimated using the binomial proportion and its 90% confidence interval.
Time frame: 1 year
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Nivolumab) | Incidence of Adverse Events of Nivolumab, Graded According to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0 | 3 Participants |
Primary
Tumor Response, Evaluated Using the New International Criteria Proposed by the Revised Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Guideline (Version 1.1)
Summarized using descriptive statistics. Binomial proportions and their 90% confidence intervals will be used to estimate the response rates of therapy.
Time frame: 1 year
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Nivolumab) | Tumor Response, Evaluated Using the New International Criteria Proposed by the Revised Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Guideline (Version 1.1) | 0 Participants |
Secondary
Effects of Treatment
Analysis of variance methods will be used to evaluate the effects of treatment.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Post-treatment data not available because no patients made it to Cycle 3 Day 1.
Secondary
HTLV-1 Clonality
Measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Post-treatment data not available because no patients made it to Cycle 3 Day 1.
Secondary
HTLV-1 Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs)
Measured from PBMC samples.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Post-treatment data not available because no patients made it to Cycle 3 Day 1.
Secondary
Immune Cell Numbers
Measured from blood and tissue samples.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Post-treatment data not available because no patients made it to Cycle 3 Day 1.
Secondary
Time on the Viral Load Measurements
Analysis of variance methods will be used to evaluate the effects of treatment and time on the viral load measurements, as well as measurements of viral transcripts. A proportional hazards analysis with viral load measures as time dependent covariates will be used to evaluate the effects of these measures on duration of response.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Post-treatment data not available because no patients made it to Cycle 3 Day 1.