Ureteral Neoplasms, Urethral Neoplasms, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Conditions
Brief summary
This is a single arm two-stage phase II study with crizotinib (Xalkori®) in the treatment of subjects with metastatic urothelial cancer of the bladder, upper (ureter or renal pelvis) or lower (urethra) urinary tracts. The purpose of this study is to see if this experimental drug has a potential benefit in subjects with stage 4 urothelial cancer. This study tests crizotinib used alone in subjects with urothelial cancer, previously treated with chemotherapy, and whose tumors have certain proteins. Proteins are complex natural substances essential to the structure and function of all living cells. These proteins, c-MET or RON, may trigger molecular pathways that are involved in the growth and spread of bladder or upper urinary tract cancer. Crizotinib is a drug taken by mouth that blocks these pathways. Early laboratory research suggests that crizotinib may benefit patients with urothelial and other cancers with these molecular pathways.
Detailed description
This is a single arm two-stage phase II study designed to evaluate the objective response rate in subjects with metastatic urothelial cancer demonstrating c-MET or RON overexpression who have received prior therapy with a cisplatin or carboplatin containing regimen. Subjects will be recruited at Levine Cancer Institute (LCI) and other participating sites. Immunohistochemistry will be utilized to define tumor sample c-MET and RON protein expression patterns for assignment into molecular cohorts as described in section 12.1. In the first stage of this study, subjects will be enrolled in parallel to three molecularly defined cohorts as follows: 1. c-MET high (\>50%), RON null (0-9%) (n = 14 subjects) 2. c-MET-positive (10-100%), RON-positive (10-100%) (n = 7 subjects) 3. c-MET null (0-9%), RON-positive (10-100%) (n = 7 subjects) All enrolled subjects will continue with study treatment until criteria for treatment discontinuation has been met. If Stage 1 response criteria are met in a cohort, the cohort may be considered for expansion, and additional subjects (16 in Cohort 1 or 25 in Cohorts 2 or 3) may then be enrolled into that cohort in Stage 2. An expansion cohort will be defined by the Sponsor- Investigator following review of all available trial data which will be conducted after the first Stage 1 cohort has completed accrual and at least every six months thereafter until all Stage 1 cohorts have completed accrual. If more than one cohort meets Stage 1 response criteria (2 responses out of 14 subjects for Cohort 1 or 1 response out of 7 subjects for each of Cohorts 2 and 3), then the cohort showing the highest response rate will be given highest consideration for expansion.
Interventions
DRUGCrizotinib
Crizotinib was administered orally at 250mg twice daily
Sponsors
Pfizer
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Subjects must meet all of the following criteria: 1. Histologically confirmed stage IV urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, upper urinary tract or urethra. 2. Prior treatment for metastatic disease with at least one cisplatin or carboplatin-based multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimen. Prior immunotherapy with anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD1 agents is allowed. o Chemotherapy received peri-operatively for non-metastatic bladder cancer will be considered a prior regimen if less than 24 months have elapsed since treatment. 3. Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1. See Section 10 for the evaluation of measurable disease. 4. Tissue Pre-screen: Archived tissue must have been obtained within 60 months of subject signing tissue pre-screen consent. Biopsy accessible disease if adequate archival tissue does not exist for molecular characterization. Treatment: Available tumor specimen C-MET/RON expression results that meet the criteria for one of the three molecularly defined cohorts per Section 4.2 5. Age ≥ 18 years 6. ECOG performance status ≤ 2 7. Adequate liver function: AST and ALT ≤ 2x upper limit of normal, bilirubin ≤ 1.5x upper limit of normal 8. Adequate bone marrow function: Platelets ≥ 100,000 cells/mm3, hemoglobin \> 8.0 g/dL and ANC ≥ 1,500 cells/mm3 9. Adequate renal function with a creatinine clearance (based on Cockgroft-Gault formula) ≥ 45 mL/min 10. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document 11. Able to swallow oral medication
Exclusion criteria
Subjects must not meet any of the following criteria 1. Currently receiving any other investigational agents, a prior c-MET inhibitor, or crizotinib 2. Pregnant or breast feeding, because crizotinib can cause fetal harm 3. Uncontrolled and current illness including, but no limited to: * Ongoing or active infection * Symptomatic congestive heart failure * Unstable angina pectoris * Cardiac arrhythmia, or * Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements 4. Presence of any of the following within the previous 3 months of treatment consent: * Myocardial infarction * Severe/unstable angina * Coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft * Congestive heart failure, or * Cerebrovascular accident including transient ischemia attack 5. History of active malignancy other than urothelial carcinoma within the prior 12 months of the date of treatment consent (except non-melanoma skin cancer or localized, treated prostate cancer) 6. Prolonged QT interval (QTc \> 480 msec), symptomatic bradycardia, ongoing cardiac dysrhythmias of CTCAE version 4.0 grade 2 ≥ or uncontrolled atrial fibrillation of any grade 7. Pulmonary disorder requiring supplemental oxygen or history of pulmonary fibrosis. Sleep apnea considered to be a sleep disorder (and not a pulmonary disorder) by the investigator will be allowed. 8. Subjects receiving any medications or substances that are strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A are ineligible. Because the lists of these agents are constantly changing, it is important to regularly consult a frequently updated list such as http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/table/aspx; medical reference texts such as the Physicians' Desk Reference may also provide this information. As part of the enrollment/informed consent procedures, the subject will be counseled on the risk of interactions with other agents, and what to do if new medications need to be prescribed or if the subject is considering a new over-the-counter medicine or herbal product. * Medical condition requiring the use of strong CPY3A inhibitors, including but not limited to atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, suboxone, telithromycin, troleandomycin, and voriconazole. * Use of grapefruit or grapefruit juice, which are considered strong CYP3A inhibitors. * Medical condition requiring the use of strong CYP3A inducers, including but not limited to carbamazepine, efavirenz, modafinil, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pioglitazone, rifabutin, rifampin, St. John's Wort, and troglitazone. 9. Receiving any medications that are CYP3A substrates with a narrow therapeutic range (alfentanil, cyclosporine, dihydroergotamine, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus and tacrolimus) 10. Subjects may be screened for study participation though may not begin study treatment: * Within 4 weeks of major surgery * Within 2 weeks of prior systemic therapy * Within 2 weeks of prior non-palliative radiotherapy * Within 48 hours of completion of palliative radiotherapy (≤ 10 fractions) * Until recovery of adverse events due to prior therapies to ≤ 1 (except alopecia) 11. Presence of untreated brain metastases or ≤ 6 months from prior treatment (from the time of enrollment), active neurologic symptoms or the use of prohibited medications in subjects with a history of brain metastases
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Response | From enrollment to best response while on crizotinib; Subjects remained on treatment until disease progression or death or unacceptable toxicity (subjects were on treatment for an average of 6 weeks) | Overall response will be determined as the best treatment response for each patient as a binary variable indicating whether or not the patient achieved a Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR) as determined by RECIST v1.1 criteria. Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1):Complete Response (CR) is the disappearance of all lesions (target and non target); Partial Response (PR) is at least 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions from baseline and no new lesions or unequivocal progression in non target lesions from baseline; Stable Disease (SD) is neither sufficient shrinkage in target lesions to qualify for PR (less than 30% decrease) nor sufficient increase in target lesions (versus smallest sum of diameters) to qualify for PD (less than 20% increase), with no new lesions or unequivocal progression in non target lesions from baseline. For the purposes of response determination, confirmatory scan for CR and PR is required. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival | From date of treatment start to date of death, or censored as described above; assessed for approximately 2 years. | Overall survival was defined as the duration from enrollment date to the date of death from any cause. Subjects who were alive or lost to follow-up at the time of the analysis were censored at the last known date they were alive. |
| Progression Free Survival | From date of treatment start to date of progression or death, or censored as described above; assessed for approximately 2 years. | PFS was defined as duration of time from enrollment to the study to time of progression or death. Disease progression (PD) can be objectively determined as per RECIST v1.1 (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, where PD is defined as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions) or progression can be subjective as determined by the investigator. Evidence for subjective progressions must be documented in medical records. For surviving subjects who do not have documented PD, PFS will be censored at last radiologic assessment. For subjects who receive subsequent anti-cancer therapy prior to documented PD, PFS will be censored at last radiologic assessment prior to commencement of subsequent therapy. Subjects who experience a PFS event following an interval equal to two or more scheduled assessments will be censored at date of last assessment prior to first missed assessment. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Cohort 1 c-MET high (\> 50%), RON null (0-9%)
Crizotinib: All arms will receive crizotinib. | 6 |
| Cohort 2 c-MET + (10-100%), RON + (10-100%)
Crizotinib: All arms will receive crizotinib. | 0 |
| Cohort 3 c-MET null (0-9%), RON + (10-100%)
Crizotinib: All arms will receive crizotinib. | 2 |
| Total | 8 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Death | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| Overall Study | Early Study Termination | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Cohort 1 | Total | Cohort 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 60 years | 62 years | 71.5 years |
| c-MET Expression, % 0% | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| c-MET Expression, % 1 - 9% | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| c-MET Expression, % 51 - 75% | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants |
| c-MET Expression, % >75% | 4 Participants | 4 Participants | 0 Participants |
| ECOG at Baseline 0 | 4 Participants | 4 Participants | 0 Participants |
| ECOG at Baseline 1 | 2 Participants | 4 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 6 Participants | 8 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Primary Tumor Site Bladder | 5 Participants | 6 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Primary Tumor Site Other | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 5 Participants | 7 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 6 participants | 8 participants | 2 participants |
| RON Expression, % 0% | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants |
| RON Expression, % 1 - 9% | 4 Participants | 4 Participants | 0 Participants |
| RON Expression, % >75% | 0 Participants | 2 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 4 Participants | 6 Participants | 2 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 5 / 6 | 0 / 0 | 2 / 2 | 7 / 8 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 5 / 6 | 0 / 0 | 2 / 2 | 7 / 8 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 2 / 6 | 0 / 0 | 2 / 2 | 4 / 8 |
Outcome results
Primary
Overall Response
Overall response will be determined as the best treatment response for each patient as a binary variable indicating whether or not the patient achieved a Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR) as determined by RECIST v1.1 criteria. Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1):Complete Response (CR) is the disappearance of all lesions (target and non target); Partial Response (PR) is at least 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of target lesions from baseline and no new lesions or unequivocal progression in non target lesions from baseline; Stable Disease (SD) is neither sufficient shrinkage in target lesions to qualify for PR (less than 30% decrease) nor sufficient increase in target lesions (versus smallest sum of diameters) to qualify for PD (less than 20% increase), with no new lesions or unequivocal progression in non target lesions from baseline. For the purposes of response determination, confirmatory scan for CR and PR is required.
Time frame: From enrollment to best response while on crizotinib; Subjects remained on treatment until disease progression or death or unacceptable toxicity (subjects were on treatment for an average of 6 weeks)
Population: Study was designed to evaluate objective response rate overall for all enrolled subjects and not separately by molecular cohorts. Efficacy analyses were conducted on the population of subjects who began crizotinib treatment. Analysis of overall response rate was conducted on those patients in the efficacy population with measurable disease present at baseline.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Enrolled Study Cohort | Overall Response | 0 Participants |
95% CI: [0, 0.369]
Secondary
Overall Survival
Overall survival was defined as the duration from enrollment date to the date of death from any cause. Subjects who were alive or lost to follow-up at the time of the analysis were censored at the last known date they were alive.
Time frame: From date of treatment start to date of death, or censored as described above; assessed for approximately 2 years.
Population: Study was designed to evaluate outcomes overall for all enrolled subjects and not separately by molecular cohorts. Efficacy analyses were conducted on the population of subjects who began crizotinib treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Enrolled Study Cohort | Overall Survival | 3.1 months |
95% CI: [0.2, 6.1]
Secondary
Progression Free Survival
PFS was defined as duration of time from enrollment to the study to time of progression or death. Disease progression (PD) can be objectively determined as per RECIST v1.1 (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, where PD is defined as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions) or progression can be subjective as determined by the investigator. Evidence for subjective progressions must be documented in medical records. For surviving subjects who do not have documented PD, PFS will be censored at last radiologic assessment. For subjects who receive subsequent anti-cancer therapy prior to documented PD, PFS will be censored at last radiologic assessment prior to commencement of subsequent therapy. Subjects who experience a PFS event following an interval equal to two or more scheduled assessments will be censored at date of last assessment prior to first missed assessment.
Time frame: From date of treatment start to date of progression or death, or censored as described above; assessed for approximately 2 years.
Population: Study was designed to evaluate outcomes overall for all enrolled subjects and not separately by molecular cohorts. Efficacy analyses were conducted on the population of subjects who began crizotinib treatment.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Enrolled Study Cohort | Progression Free Survival | 1.5 months |
95% CI: [0.2, 1.8]