Malaria
Conditions
Brief summary
This study will be conducted in a single centre, as an open single dose two parallel cohorts design with oral doses of MMV390048 administered in healthy male and female subjects between 18 to 55 years of age. Subjects will be screened within 28 days prior to entering the study. On Day 1 of the study each subject will receive one of the two MMV390048 prototype formulations, at a dose of 40 mg with 240 mL of water. Subjects will be discharged on Day 3 after 48h post-dose and they will attend the unit for follow-up visits on Days 5, 7, 10, 14, 19, 26 and 29.
Detailed description
A Phase 1 exploratory study to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of selected oral formulations of MMV390048 administered in healthy volunteers. It is anticipated that eighteen (18) healthy male and female subjects are to be included in the study, however there is an option to include an additional cohort of 9 subjects. The optional cohort would receive a single dose of the formulation considered to have the least pharmacokinetic variability with a suitable safety and tolerability profile with food or milk. Timing of PK samples may be adjusted in accordance with evolving data and dosing schedule. Additional or fewer PK samples may be taken in accordance with evolving data and dosing schedule to establish full protocol specific PK profile. The study specific maximum blood volume taken will not be exceeded.
Interventions
DRUGMMV390048 formulation A
MMV390048 formulation A, tablet
DRUGMMV390048 formulation B
MMV390048 formulation B, tablet
Sponsors
Richmond Pharmacology Limited
Medicines for Malaria Venture
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* healthy male or female (non-childbearing potential) of any race, aged 18 to 55 years * body weight at least 50kg and a body mass index 18 to 30Kg/m2 * Females must be of non-childbearing potential: * Natural (spontaneous) post-menopausal defined (amenorrheic for at least 12 months without an alternative medical cause with a screening follicle stimulating hormone level \>25IU/L (for post-menopause). * Premenopausal with irreversible surgical sterilization by hysterectomy * and/or bilateral oophorectomy or salpingectomy at least 6 months before screening * Males agree to use acceptable methods of contraception if the male subject's partner could become pregnant from the time of study medication until 120 days after administration of study medication. One of the following acceptable methods of contraception must be used: * Condom and occlusive cap (diaphragm or cervical/vault cap) with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/suppository * Surgical sterilization (vasectomy with documentation of azoospermia) and an acceptable barrier method (condom or occlusive cap \[diaphragm or cervical/vault cap\] used with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/suppository) * subject's female partner uses oral contraceptives (combination estrogen / progesterone pills), injectable progesterone or sub-dermal implants and an acceptable barrier method * subject's female partner uses medically prescribed topically applied transdermal contraceptive patch and an acceptable barrier method * subject's female partner has undergone documented tubal ligation (female sterilization). In addition, an acceptable barrier method must be used. * subject's female partner has undergone documented placement of an intrauterine device or intrauterine system. In addition, an acceptable barrier method must be used. * True abstinence: when in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. Periodic abstinence (e.g. calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception. Abstinent subjects have to agree to use 1 of the above-mentioned contraceptive methods, if they start sexual relationships during the study and for up to 120 days post-study drug * non-smokers or ex-smokers for more than 90 days prior to screening or smoke no more than 5 cigarettes per day. If users of nicotine products (spray, patch, e-cigarette, etc.) they should use the equivalent of no more than 5 cigarettes /day * Subjects should not donate egg or sperm from the time of administration of study medication until 120 days post-study drug * capable of fully understanding and complying with the requirements of the study and must sign the informed consent form prior to undergoing any study-related procedures * agree to avoid excessive UV radiation exposure (occupational exposure to the sun, sunbathing, tanning salon use, phototherapy, etc.) throughout the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Male subjects with a female partner(s) who is (are) pregnant or lactating from the time of study medication * Women of childbearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, including women whose career, lifestyle, or sexual orientation precludes intercourse with a male partner and women whose partners have been sterilized by vasectomy or other means * Current or recurrent disease (e.g. cardiovascular, neurological, renal, gastrointestinal, oncologic or other conditions) that may affect the action, absorption or disposition of the study medication or could affect clinical assessments or clinical laboratory evaluations * Current or relevant history of physical or psychiatric illness that may require treatment or make the subject unlikely to fully comply with the requirements or complete the study, or any condition that presents undue risk from the investigational product or study procedures * Any other significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the investigator, may either put the subject at risk because of the participation in the study, may influence the result of the study, or the subject's ability to participate in the study * History of photosensitivity * History or clinical evidence of alcohol or substance abuse. Alcohol abuse is defined as regular weekly intake of more than 21 units for males and 14 units for females * Any clinically relevant history of intolerance/allergy to milk or dairy products * Use of an investigational product or participation in a clinical study within 90 days before study medication * Donation of blood products or of more than 500ml of blood in 90 days prior to study medication * Use of any prescription drugs within 14 days or within 5 times the elimination half-life (whichever period is longer) prior to study medication * Use moderate or strong inhibitors and/or inducers of CYP450/Transporters within 4 weeks prior to study drug administration (or 5 half-lives of the compound if longer) * Use of over-the-counter medications or dietary supplements, including vitamins and herbal supplements within 7 days of study drug. With the exception of paracetamol which may be used incidentally or for short-term treatment at a maximum of 2g/day * Intake of grapefruit, grapefruit juice or other products containing grapefruit within 28 days prior to study drug * Excessive intake of caffeine drinks or energy drinks within 48 hours before admission (more than three 250ml cups of coffee a day, equivalent to roughly 250mg caffeine) * Any clinically significant abnormal laboratory, vital signs or other safety findings as determined by medical history, physical examination or other evaluations at screening or admission. * Any liver function tests elevated \>1.5 times the upper limit of normal, considered by the investigator as clinically relevant, at screening or admission * Abnormal serum Hemoglobin, Haptoglobin, Reticulocyte count or Lactate Dehydrogenase at screening/admission * abnormal ECG results at screening/admission results considered as clinically significant by the investigator * Confirmed positive urine drug screen (amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cocaine, cannabinoids, opiates, barbiturates or methadone) or from the alcohol breath test at screening/admission. * positive human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B surface antigen, anti Hepatitis core antibody, or hepatitis C virus antibody at screening * veins unsuitable for intravenous puncture or cannulation on either arm (e.g. veins difficult to locate, access or puncture, veins with a tendency to rupture during or after puncture) 23. Any conditions which in the opinion of the investigator would make the subject unsuitable for enrolment or could interfere with the subjects' participation in or completion of the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
| Cmax: Peak Plasma Concentration | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Maximum concentration (Cmax) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
| Tmax: Time to Reach Peak Plasma Concentration | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
| AUC: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Zero to Infinity | From Pre-dose to 672 hours post-dose | Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
| Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2) | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
| Terminal Elimination Rate Constant (Lambda z) | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Terminal elimination rate constant (lambda z) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
| Oral Plasma Clearance (CL/F) | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Oral plasma clearance (CL/F) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Exploratory: Time to reach maximum plasma concentration of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk |
| Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC) | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Exploratory: Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to infinity of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk |
| Terminal Elimination Half-life | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Exploratory: Terminal elimination half-life of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk |
| Terminal Elimination Rate Constant | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Exploratory: terminal elimination rate constant of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk |
| Apparent Volume of Distribution | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Exploratory: Apparent volume of distribution of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk |
| Oral Plasma Clearance | Up to 672 hours post-dose | Exploratory: Oral plasma clearance of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk |
Countries
United Kingdom
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Optional Cohort: The study design of this clinical trial allowed for an optional cohort to be enrolled. Ultimately, such optional cohort was not deemed required and therefore not conducted.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted 40 mg MMV390048 tablet formulation A fasted | 9 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted 40 mg MMV390048 tablet formulation B fasted | 9 |
| Total | 18 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Total | 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 26 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.5 | 28.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.65 | 29 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.37 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 8 Participants | 17 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 1 Participants | 3 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 7 Participants | 12 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 9 Participants | 18 Participants | 9 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 9 | 0 / 9 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 4 / 9 | 3 / 9 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 9 | 0 / 9 |
Outcome results
Primary
Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vz/F)
Apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) | 211.9523 Litres | Standard Deviation 45.8906 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) | 155.3750 Litres | Standard Deviation 49.9488 |
Primary
AUC: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Zero to Infinity
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: From Pre-dose to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | AUC: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Zero to Infinity | 56991.64 h*ng/mL | Standard Deviation 39197.535 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | AUC: Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve From Zero to Infinity | 63228.3 h*ng/mL | Standard Deviation 29689.434 |
Primary
Cmax: Peak Plasma Concentration
Maximum concentration (Cmax) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | Cmax: Peak Plasma Concentration | 277 ng/mL | Standard Deviation 62.5 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Cmax: Peak Plasma Concentration | 373.4444 ng/mL | Standard Deviation 64.7825 |
Primary
Oral Plasma Clearance (CL/F)
Oral plasma clearance (CL/F) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | Oral Plasma Clearance (CL/F) | 0.8819 L/hours | Standard Deviation 0.3473 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Oral Plasma Clearance (CL/F) | 0.7635 L/hours | Standard Deviation 0.3658 |
Primary
Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2)
Terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2) | 192.0663 hours | Standard Deviation 90.5336 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2) | 160.3984 hours | Standard Deviation 61.3228 |
Primary
Terminal Elimination Rate Constant (Lambda z)
Terminal elimination rate constant (lambda z) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | Terminal Elimination Rate Constant (Lambda z) | 0.0041 1/hours | Standard Deviation 0.0011 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Terminal Elimination Rate Constant (Lambda z) | 0.0051 1/hours | Standard Deviation 0.0024 |
Primary
Tmax: Time to Reach Peak Plasma Concentration
Time to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) of two MMV390048 prototype formulations administered in the fasted state
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form A Fasted | Tmax: Time to Reach Peak Plasma Concentration | 2.4 hours | Standard Deviation 1.01 |
| 40 mg MMV390048 Form B Fasted | Tmax: Time to Reach Peak Plasma Concentration | 2.6 hours | Standard Deviation 0.53 |
Other Pre-specified
Apparent Volume of Distribution
Exploratory: Apparent volume of distribution of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
Other Pre-specified
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve (AUC)
Exploratory: Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to infinity of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
Other Pre-specified
Oral Plasma Clearance
Exploratory: Oral plasma clearance of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
Other Pre-specified
Terminal Elimination Half-life
Exploratory: Terminal elimination half-life of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
Other Pre-specified
Terminal Elimination Rate Constant
Exploratory: terminal elimination rate constant of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose
Other Pre-specified
Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax)
Exploratory: Time to reach maximum plasma concentration of one MMV390048 prototype formulation administered with food or milk
Time frame: Up to 672 hours post-dose