Pulmonary Disease
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aimed to assess the impact of air filtration on indoor air quality and cardio-pulmonary health in residents living in high outdoor pollution settings in Beijing.
Interventions
filtration units randomly allocated to active- and sham-mode in 20 recruited households for four weeks
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria (mild to moderate, GOLD stage I\ II; * severe to very severe, GOLD stage III\ IV) quit smoking for at least 1 year; * a ratio of pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) equal to or less than 0.70 and an increase of FEV1 with the use of 400μg of albuterol of less than 12% of the pre-bronchodilator one; * no history of asthma or any other active lung disease. * Subjects were free from exacerbations for at least 6 weeks.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with heart pacemaker, * heart failure with bundle-branch block, * recent myocardial infarction (in the last 12 weeks) and * anticoagulant therapy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| respiratory inflammation | 4 weeks | analyzed EBC pH and inflammation biomarkers 8-isoprostane and nitrite and nitrate |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| systemic inflammation | 4 weeks | analyzed systemic inflammation biomarkers C-reaction Protein, Blood coagulation factor fibrinogen (Fib), Interleukin (IL) -8, -1β, -6, -10, -12p70 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) |
| oxidative stress | 4 weeks | analyzed systemic oxidative stress biomarker urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lung function | 4 weeks | lung function test (FEV1, FEV1 %predicted, FEV1/FVC, 176 maximum midexpiratory flow (MMEF), MMEF %predicted) using an Aspirometer |
| autonomic function | 4 weeks | twelve-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) were monitored |