Prostatic Neoplasms
Conditions
Keywords
prostate
Brief summary
This is a multicentered, open label, randomized phase II trial of PROSTVAC or ipilimumab or the combination of PROSTVAC and ipilimumab as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with localized prostate cancer. Eligible patients will be randomized to PROSTVAC monotherapy (Arm A), ipilimumab monotherapy (Arm B), or combination therapy with both PROSTVAC and ipilimumab (Arm C), prior to RP. In arms A and C, PROSTVAC-V will be administered subcutaneously as the primary vaccine on Day 1, which will be followed 2 weeks later with a series of 2 PROSTVAC-F subcutaneous administrations, given 3 weeks apart. In arms B and C, ipilimumab will be administered twice, at a dose of 3mg/kg, 3 weeks apart. In the combination arm, ipilimumab administration will coincide with the PROSTVAC-F administration. In arm B, ipilimumab will begin on Day 1. In all three arms, radical prostatectomy (RP) will occur 21 days, or three weeks, following final treatment administration of PROSTVAC or ipilimumab. No further therapy will be administered on study following RP.
Interventions
BIOLOGICALPROSTVAC V/F
PROSTVAC-V/F is a prostate-specific antigen(PSA)-based immunization strategy. It is intended to generate immune responses to prostate specific antigens and prostate cancer cells. It uses poxviral vectors to introduce modified PSA to the patient in an immunogenic manner to break self-tolerance, and thereby induce immune responses directed against prostate cancer cells.
DRUGIpilimumab
Sponsors
Bavarian Nordic
Lawrence Fong
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
For a subject to be eligible for participation in this study, all of the following criteria must be satisfied: 1. Patients must have histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate without previous therapy for prostate cancer (PC). * Treatment-naïve AND * Undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) as initial, locally definitive therapy for PC and * Eligible for RP in a 3 month timeframe AND * Consentable for RP 2. Subject's archival prostate biopsy specimen is available, and subject consents to provide tissue for study endpoint analysis. The prostate biopsy slides or blocks must be available prior to starting any study treatment. 3. Age ≥ 18 years 4. Subject has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1. 5. Subject has adequate organ function, defined as: * White blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 3,000/microliter (mcL) * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mcL * Platelet count ≥ 100,000/mcL * Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 10.0 g/dL * Creatinine ≤ 1.5x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) * Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x institutional ULN * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 1.5 x institutional ULN * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 1.5 x institutional ULN * Prothrombin time (PT) /International Normalized Ratio (INR), partial thromboplastin time (PTT) within institutional ULN 6. No known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 and 2, human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I/II, and Hepatitis B and C. 7. Ability to understand a written informed consent document, and the willingness to sign it. 8. Because of the unknown potential risk to a gamete and/or developing embryo from these investigational therapies, subjects must agree to use adequate contraception (i.e. barrier method) for the duration of study participation, and for three months after discontinuing therapy.
Exclusion criteria
A subject will not be eligible for participation in this study if any of the following criteria apply. 1. Subject's biopsy specimen reveals neuroendocrine or small cell features. 2. Subject has any evidence of metastatic disease (pre-operative staging will be undertaken per urologic standard of care) as deemed by the Investigator. 3. Subject has prior use of any hormones, including luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, ketoconazole, antiandrogens (such as bicalutamide, flutamide, or nilutamide), or 5-α-reductase inhibitors. 4. Subject has prior use of any anti-cancer treatment or product, such as PC-SPES (or any other PC-x product: PC-HOPE, PC-CARE, PC-PLUS, etc). 5. Subject has received prior radiation therapy or chemotherapy for prostate cancer. 6. Chronic administration (defined as daily or every other day for continuous use \>14 days) of systemic corticosteroids within 28 days of the first planned dose off PROSTVAC-V/F. Use of inhaled steroids, nasal sprays, and topical creams for small body areas are allowed. 7. Active atopic dermatitis or skin condition that disrupts the epidermis 8. Inflammatory eye disease requiring steroid treatment 9. History of prior solid organ or bone marrow transplant 10. Previous history of hypersensitivity to eggs or allergy or untoward reaction to prior vaccinia (smallpox) vaccination. 11. Splenectomy 12. Subject, or subject's close household contacts (defined as those who share housing or have close physical contact) have any of the following conditions during the screening and/or treatment periods: * active or a history of atopic dermatitis, eczema or other eczematoid skin disorders that disrupt the epidermis * other acute, chronic or exfoliative skin conditions (e.g., burns, impetigo, varicella zoster, severe acne or other open rashes or wounds) until condition resolves * pregnant or nursing * immunodeficient or immunosuppressed (by disease or therapy), including HIV infection 13. Subject's close household contacts include children less than the age of three 14. History of, or active autoimmune disease (e.g., autoimmune neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosis, Sjogren´s syndrome, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture´s syndrome, Addison´s disease, Hashimotos´s thyroiditis, or Graves disease) as determined by the treating medical oncologist. * Persons with vitiligo are not excluded. * Diabetics are not excluded if the condition is well controlled: 1. Hemoglobin A1C \< 7.0, and 2. No evidence of end-organ damage due to diabetes, such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, or neuropathy 3. Persons with type 2 diabetes are not excluded since this is not an autoimmune disease, and do not need to meet these criteria. * Persons with hypothyroidism are not excluded if condition is well controlled, and condition is due to a non-autoimmune etiology. 15. Subject has received treatment with any investigational immunotherapy within 2 years prior to study screening or has received treatment with any other investigational product within 28 days prior to study screening. 16. Subject has participated in any previous study involving PROSTVAC-V/F, Sipuleucel-T or ipilimumab, regardless of whether the subject received PROSTVAC-V/F, Sipuleucel-T or ipilimumab. 17. Subject has a history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to PROSTVAC-V/F or ipilimumab. 18. Subject has a history of stage III or greater cancer, excluding prostate cancer. Subjects with a history of basal or squamous cell skin cancers are allowed, provided that the subject was adequately treated and is disease-free at the time of study screening. Subjects with a history of stage I or II cancer must have been adequately treated and been disease-free for ≥ 3 years prior to study screening. 19. Subject has any uncontrolled, concurrent illness including, but not limited to the following: ongoing or active infection (bacterial, viral, or fungal), symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke or myocardial infarction within 6 months, or psychiatric illness that would limit compliance with study requirements. 20. Subject requires any medical intervention(s) or has any other condition(s) that, in the Investigator's opinion, will 1) make the administration of PROSTVAC or ipilimumab hazardous, 2) obscure the interpretation of adverse events (AEs), 3) compromise adherence with study requirements, or 4) otherwise compromise the study's objectives. 21. Subject has high-risk features (e.g., based on Gleason score, PSA, clinical stage, % positive biopsies), and the treating physician feels the subject should undergo radical prostatectomy sooner than planned within the protocol.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of Participants With Positive CD3+ T Cell Immune Response | Up to 2 years | The proportion of participants who demonstrated a positive response following neoadjuvant therapy as measured by change from baseline in CD3+ T cell infiltration within prostate tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessment following treatment will be reported. The change in the number of CD3+ T cell infiltration within prostate tissue between the biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen will be quantified using immunohistochemistry (IHC),with a positive result if there is \>=2 fold increase in the number of CD3+T cell infiltration. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Immunologic Infiltration (CD3) | Up to 2 years | The proportion of participants who demonstrated any change in the number of infiltrating T cells/μm2 of CD3 within the prostatic tumor tissue from the diagnostic core biopsy specimens to the post treatment prostatectomy tissue specimens will be assessed, based upon IHC analysis following neoadjuvant PROSTVAC, ipilimumab, or the combination of the two treatments. |
| Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Circulating Effector T Cells | Up to 2 years | The proportion of participants who demonstrated any change in the number of circulating effector T cells/μm2 within the prostatic tumor tissue from the diagnostic core biopsy specimens to the post treatment prostatectomy tissue specimens will be assessed, based upon IHC analysis following neoadjuvant PROSTVAC, ipilimumab, or the combination by flow cytometry assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| Proportion of Participants With a Positive Change in Regulatory T Cells | Up to 2 years | The proportion of participants who demonstrated a change in the number of Regulatory T Cells/μm2 within the prostatic tumor tissue from the diagnostic core biopsy specimens to the post treatment prostatectomy tissue specimens will be assessed, based upon IHC analysis following neoadjuvant PROSTVAC, ipilimumab, or the combination by flow cytometry assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Up to 2 years | Safety analyses will be performed for all participants having received at least one dose of study drug. The investigator will use the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.4.03 for reporting the number of participants with treatment-related, non-hematologic, adverse events and modified criteria for hematologic adverse events defined as having an attribute of possible, probable, or definite by toxicity and treatment group. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F PROSTVAC-V: 2 x 10\^8pfu; subcutaneous; Day 1. PROSTVAC-F: 1 x 10\^9pfu; subcutaneous; Days 15, and 36. | 5 |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy Ipilimumab: 3 mg/kg; intravenously; Days 1 and 21. | 4 |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab PROSTVAC-V: 2 x 10\^8pfu; subcutaneous; Day 1. PROSTVAC-F: 1 x 10\^9pfu; subcutaneous; Days 15, and 36. Ipilimumab: 3 mg/kg; intravenously; Days 15 and 36. | 6 |
| Total | 15 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized 50-59 years old | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Age, Customized 60-69 years old | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Age, Customized 70-79 years old | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 5 Participants | 4 Participants | 4 Participants | 13 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 5 Participants | 3 Participants | 4 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 5 participants | 4 participants | 6 participants | 15 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 5 Participants | 4 Participants | 6 Participants | 15 Participants |
| Total Gleason Score Gleason Score = 6 | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Total Gleason Score Gleason Score = 7 | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 4 Participants | 8 Participants |
| Total Gleason Score Gleason Score = 8 | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Total Gleason Score Gleason Score = 9 | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 6 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 5 | 0 / 4 | 0 / 6 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 5 / 5 | 3 / 4 | 5 / 6 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 5 | 0 / 4 | 0 / 6 |
Outcome results
Primary
Proportion of Participants With Positive CD3+ T Cell Immune Response
The proportion of participants who demonstrated a positive response following neoadjuvant therapy as measured by change from baseline in CD3+ T cell infiltration within prostate tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessment following treatment will be reported. The change in the number of CD3+ T cell infiltration within prostate tissue between the biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen will be quantified using immunohistochemistry (IHC),with a positive result if there is \>=2 fold increase in the number of CD3+T cell infiltration.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Population: Few participants had evaluable labs for this outcome.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Proportion of Participants With Positive CD3+ T Cell Immune Response | 0 proportion of participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Proportion of Participants With Positive CD3+ T Cell Immune Response | 0.33 proportion of participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Proportion of Participants With Positive CD3+ T Cell Immune Response | 0 proportion of participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events
Safety analyses will be performed for all participants having received at least one dose of study drug. The investigator will use the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.4.03 for reporting the number of participants with treatment-related, non-hematologic, adverse events and modified criteria for hematologic adverse events defined as having an attribute of possible, probable, or definite by toxicity and treatment group.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Fatigue | 1 participants |
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Fever | 1 participants |
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders - Other | 0 participants |
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Injection site reaction | 2 participants |
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Lipase increased | 1 participants |
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Pruritus | 0 participants |
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Dizziness | 0 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders - Other | 0 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Fatigue | 1 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Fever | 0 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Pruritus | 1 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Lipase increased | 0 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Injection site reaction | 0 participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Dizziness | 0 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Dizziness | 1 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders - Other | 1 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Fatigue | 0 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Lipase increased | 0 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Fever | 0 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Pruritus | 0 participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Number of Participants With Treatment-Related Adverse Events | Injection site reaction | 1 participants |
Secondary
Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Circulating Effector T Cells
The proportion of participants who demonstrated any change in the number of circulating effector T cells/μm2 within the prostatic tumor tissue from the diagnostic core biopsy specimens to the post treatment prostatectomy tissue specimens will be assessed, based upon IHC analysis following neoadjuvant PROSTVAC, ipilimumab, or the combination by flow cytometry assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Time frame: Up to 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Circulating Effector T Cells | 0.8 proportion of participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Circulating Effector T Cells | 1.0 proportion of participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Circulating Effector T Cells | 0.8333 proportion of participants |
Secondary
Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Immunologic Infiltration (CD3)
The proportion of participants who demonstrated any change in the number of infiltrating T cells/μm2 of CD3 within the prostatic tumor tissue from the diagnostic core biopsy specimens to the post treatment prostatectomy tissue specimens will be assessed, based upon IHC analysis following neoadjuvant PROSTVAC, ipilimumab, or the combination of the two treatments.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Population: Few participants had evaluable labs for this outcome.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Immunologic Infiltration (CD3) | 0 proportion of participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Immunologic Infiltration (CD3) | 0.667 proportion of participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Proportion of Participants With Any Positive Change in Immunologic Infiltration (CD3) | 0 proportion of participants |
Secondary
Proportion of Participants With a Positive Change in Regulatory T Cells
The proportion of participants who demonstrated a change in the number of Regulatory T Cells/μm2 within the prostatic tumor tissue from the diagnostic core biopsy specimens to the post treatment prostatectomy tissue specimens will be assessed, based upon IHC analysis following neoadjuvant PROSTVAC, ipilimumab, or the combination by flow cytometry assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Time frame: Up to 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Arm A: PROSTVAC-V/F | Proportion of Participants With a Positive Change in Regulatory T Cells | 0.4 proportion of participants |
| Arm B: Ipilimumab Monotherapy | Proportion of Participants With a Positive Change in Regulatory T Cells | 1.0 proportion of participants |
| Arm C: Combined PROSTVAC-V/F + Ipilimumab | Proportion of Participants With a Positive Change in Regulatory T Cells | 1.0 proportion of participants |