Adjunctive Mood Management for Telephone-based Smoking Cessation

In keeping with the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco recommendations for measuring abstinence, the investigators use prolonged abstinence as the main outcome and allow for a grace period around quit date. During the 6-month follow-ups, patients will be asked about prolonged abstinence, Since \[end of the grace period\] has the participant ever smoked at least a part of a cigarette on each of 7 consecutive days? and After \[end of the grace period\] has the participant smoked any in each of 2 consecutive weeks? Responding no to these questions is considered having obtained prolonged abstinence (ie., smoking cessation). Data below reflect the participants responding no.

Time frame: 6 month

In keeping with the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco recommendations for measuring abstinence, the investigators use prolonged abstinence as the main outcome and allow for a grace period around quit date. During the 12-month follow-ups, patients will be asked about prolonged abstinence, Since \[end of the grace period\] has the participant ever smoked at least a part of a cigarette on each of 7 consecutive days? and After \[end of the grace period\] has the participant smoked any in each of 2 consecutive weeks? Responding no to these questions is considered having obtained prolonged abstinence (ie., smoking cessation). Data below reflect the participants responding no.

Time frame: 12 month

Saliva samples will be collected from participants who report not smoking in the last 7 days to biochemically validate self-report smoking status. Samples will be collected by mail within a 2-week window following the telephone interview. Data presented below represents those who were confirmed to be not smoking at 12 months via biochemical validation of of saliva samples.

Time frame: 12 month follow up

Population: There were 32 participants who returned a sample and were not on NRT. We used a cotinine cutpoint of 15ng/mL for those not on NRT and not exposed to secondhand smoke. For those who self-reported secondhand smoke exposure, we used a cutpoint of 18ng/mL. This outcome is the number of participants whose cotinine results confirm self-report status of not smoking at the 12-month assessment.

Saliva samples will be collected from participants who report not smoking in the last 7 days to biochemically validate self-report smoking status. Samples will be collected by mail within a 2-week window following the telephone interview. Data presented below represents those who were confirmed to be not smoking at 6 months via biochemical validation of of saliva samples.

Time frame: 6 month follow up

Population: There were 23 participants who returned a sample and were not on NRT. We used a cotinine cutpoint of 15ng/mL for those not on NRT and not exposed to secondhand smoke. For those who self-reported secondhand smoke exposure, we used a cutpoint of 18ng/mL. This outcome is the number of participants whose cotinine results confirm self-report status of not smoking at the 6-month assessment.

Patients were asked the frequency with which they experienced symptoms indicative of depression in the past two weeks. This measure can be used to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) criterion symptoms for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), assess depression severity, and assess suicidal ideations. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) performs similarly across sociodemographic groups (i.e., age, race, sex) and mode of administration (e.g., patient self-report). The PHQ-9 score can range from 0 to 27, with higher scores representing higher symptom burden. We calculated the change in PHQ-9 scores from baseline to 12 month follow-up assessment. Negative scores indicate a reduction in depression symptom burden.

Time frame: change from baseline to 12 month follow up

Patients were asked the frequency with which they experienced symptoms indicative of depression in the past two weeks. This measure can be used to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) criterion symptoms for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), assess depression severity, and assess suicidal ideations. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) performs similarly across sociodemographic groups (i.e., age, race, sex) and mode of administration (e.g., patient self-report). The PHQ-9 score can range from 0 to 27, with higher scores representing higher symptom burden. We calculated the change in PHQ-9 scores from baseline to 6 month follow-up assessment. Negative scores indicate a reduction in depression symptom burden.

Time frame: change from baseline to 6 month follow up

At each follow-up (12-month), participants will be asked whether they have smoked a cigarette, even a puff, in the past 7 days and, if no, will then be asked whether the participant has smoked a cigarette, even a puff, in the past 30 days. Data presented below represents those who self-reported not smoking.

Time frame: 12 month

At each follow-up (6 month), participants will be asked whether they have smoked a cigarette, even a puff, in the past 7 days and, if no, will then be asked whether the participant has smoked a cigarette, even a puff, in the past 30 days. Data presented below represents those who self-reported not smoking.

Time frame: Month 6

Population: US veteran smokers willing to try a tobacco quit attempt with a diagnosis of a qualifying chronic illness (i.e., cancer, CVD, hypertension, diabetes, COPD), and having significant burden of depressive symptoms