Interferential Current Drug Delivery
Conditions
Keywords
Drug Delivery, Iontophoresis, Lidocaine, Pressure, Tactile perception
Brief summary
Drug delivery is conducted through various methods such as injection, phonophoresis, and iontophoresis. Iontophoresis is defined as the noninvasive delivery of active ions through epidermis using direct current. The direct current has some disadvantages such as skin burning and limited time of application. Interferential current is a kind of alternating currents without limitations of direct current; so the purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of Lidocaine, interferential current and Lidocaine iontophoresis using interferential current.
Detailed description
Pressure, tactile, and pain thresholds were evaluated before and after the application of Lidocaine, interferential current and Lidocaine iontophoresis using interferential current. Pressure threshold was investigated with a Pesula. Pesula is a pen-like scaled mechanical device that measures the skin pressure threshold. Pesula was pressed to the skin and pressure threshold was measured in mm. Pain and tactile thresholds were investigated using an electrical stimulator.The intensity was gradually increased to the extent that the participant reported a tingling sensation. The displayed intensity was considered as the tactile sense threshold. Then, the intensity was increased to the extent to be intolerable for the participant and this intensity was considered as the maximum pain threshold. The thresholds were recorded in milliampere. Lidocaine iontophoresis using interferential current can increase perception threshold of pain, and pressure sense more significantly in comparison to the application of Lidocaine and interferential current alone.
Interventions
DEVICEiontophoresis of Lidocaine 10% with interferential current (Dynatron 438)
drug delivery through interferential current.
DRUGLidocaine 10% was sprayed at the identified region
DEVICEinterferential current
Sponsors
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* healthy women with age between 18 and 25 years old
Exclusion criteria
* Systemic disorders, * neuro-muscular diseases such as diabetes and all forms of neuropathies, * and use of narcoleptic drugs which may contaminate the results. * Also, none of the participants were on their menstrual cycle.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| pain threshold- evaluated by increasing intensity of interferential current. | up to one week | pain threshold to increasing intensity of interferential current. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| tactile threshold- evaluated by exact perception of the lowest level of interferential current | up to one week | exact perception of the lowest level of interferential current |
| pressure threshold- evaluated by Pesula | up to one week | Pesula was used to evaluate tactile threshold. |
Countries
Iran
Outcome results
None listed