Diabetes
Conditions
Brief summary
The investigators aimed at evaluating the effects of a small non-glucidic nutrient preload on plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentrations after the meal consumption and for 300 min after a 75 g glucose ingestion in diet-controlled type 2 diabetic patients.
Detailed description
As supported by experimental and clinical data, oral carbohydrate tolerance is influenced by the coingestion of nutrients through multiple mechanisms. The ingestion itself, the contact with the gastric mucosa, the arrival into the intestine and the subsequent digestion are known to produce neural reflexes, hormonal responses and plasma substrates gradients which, by modulating gastric emptying, insulin secretion and insulin clearance participate in the regulation of postprandial glycaemia. The size of this effect is influenced by a number of factors: the specific nutrient chemical characteristics (fat vs protein and composition) and their physical properties (solid vs liquid), the timing (pre-load vs coingestion) and finally the individual glucose tolerance status. The effect on 5 h glucose excursions of a combination of protein and fat given before carbohydrate is still unknown.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTNutrient preload
Ingestion of a small mixed protein and lipid meal 30 minutes before glucose
Sponsors
Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Pisana
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Diet-controlled type 2 diabetic patients * Subjects ≥ 18 and ≤65 years of age * Lean, Overweight or Obese (BMI: 18 to 35 kg/m2) * Normal liver and kidney function * Normal thyroid function * Read and understood the informed consent form and signed it voluntarily
Exclusion criteria
* Liver, heart, kidney, lung, infectious, neurological, psychiatric, immunological or neoplastic diseases. * Type 1 or insulin treated diabetes. * Pregnancy or lactation * Illicit drug abuse or alcoholism * Subjects taking anoretic drugs * Subjects on steroid treatment * Subjects after bariatric surgery.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Plasma glucose concentration | 330 minutes |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Plasma Insulin concentration | 330 minutes |
| Plasma C-peptide concentration | 330 minutes |
| Plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 concentration | 330 minutes |
| Plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentration | 330 minutes |
Countries
Italy
Contacts
Primary ContactAndrea Natali, Prof
Outcome results
None listed