Anorexia Nervosa, Osteoporosis
Conditions
Keywords
Anorexia Nervosa, Osteoporosis, Eating Disorder, Disordered Eating, Estrogen, Bone
Brief summary
Decreased bone strength is a common and serious medical problem present in many women with anorexia nervosa. Women with decreased bone strength are more likely to suffer broken bones than women with normal bone strength. This study will investigate whether the use of transdermal estrogen can improve bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture in women with anorexia nervosa anorexia nervosa when used for 6 months.
Detailed description
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder affecting up to 1% of college-aged women in the US and an increasing number of women over 30 years of age. Among the many medical co-morbidities associated with AN, the most common is significant bone loss, which can persist despite weight recovery. Nearly 50% of women with AN have osteopenia with an additional 30% meeting WHO criteria for osteoporosis. Importantly, this severe bone loss is associated with an increased fracture risk. Nearly 30% of women with AN report a history of a fracture and a prospective study demonstrated a 7-fold increased risk of fracture in women with AN compared to age-matched controls. Because AN is a chronic disease that can persist despite psychiatric and nutritional counseling, the bone loss and increased fracture risk can persist and lead to lifelong morbidity. Therefore, finding a treatment for bone loss associated with AN is of critical importance. This 6 month open-label study will investigate in women (ages 25 to 50 years old) with AN whether treatment with transdermal estrogen replacement will increase bone mineral density (BMD), improve parameters of bone microarchitecture as assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), and improve bone strength as estimated by microfinite element analysis.
Interventions
DRUGestradiol 0.045 mg/levonorgestrel 0.015mg
Sponsors
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Massachusetts General Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
25 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Female; ages 25-50 years * Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-V) psychiatric criteria for AN, including \<85% of ideal body weight as defined by the 1983 Metropolitan Life Insurance Height and Weight Tables, and amenorrhea * T-score of \< -1.5 at spine or hip * Treatment team or treatment professional in place for clinical treatment/monitoring during the study
Exclusion criteria
* Diseases known to affect bone metabolism, including untreated thyroid dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes mellitus or renal insufficiency * Personal history of venous or arterial clot * History of stroke or myocardial infarction * History of migraine headaches * History of hypercoagulable disorder * Personal history or history of a first-degree relative with breast cancer * History of hereditary angioedema * Any medication known to affect bone metabolism, including systemic glucocorticoids within three months of the baseline visit, depot medroxyprogesterone within 6 months of the baseline visit, oral bisphosphonates within one year of the baseline visit or intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates within three years of the baseline visit * Bone fracture within the prior 12 months * Serum potassium \< 3.0 meq/L or serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \> 3 times the upper limit of normal * Fasting serum triglyceride level \> 150 mg/dL * Pregnant or breastfeeding * Active substance abuse
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percent Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of Lumbar Spine by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) | 6 months | Percent change in lumbar spine bone mineral density after six-months. Lumbar spine bone mineral density measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Estradiol 0.045mg/Levonorgestrel 0.015mg 6 months of estradiol 0.045mg/levonorgestrel 0.015mg (once weekly patch).
estradiol 0.045 mg/levonorgestrel 0.015mg | 11 |
| Total | 11 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 1 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 2 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Estradiol 0.045mg/Levonorgestrel 0.015mg |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 11 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 37.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.8 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 10 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Lumbar spine bone mineral density | 0.776 g/cm^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.104 |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 11 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 11 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 11 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 11 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 7 / 11 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 11 |
Outcome results
Primary
Percent Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of Lumbar Spine by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)
Percent change in lumbar spine bone mineral density after six-months. Lumbar spine bone mineral density measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.
Time frame: 6 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Estradiol 0.045mg/Levonorgestrel 0.015mg | Percent Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of Lumbar Spine by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) | 2.0 percent change | Standard Error 0.8 |