Hyperglycemia, Lack of Satiety
Conditions
Keywords
satiety, glycemia, milk protein
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to develop and test modified milk protein products to determine the effects of amino acids on food intake, satiety, insulin secretion and glucose control by insulin-independent action in healthy adults.
Detailed description
1. A total of 33 males and females will participate in the study. Capillary blood samples will be collected from all participants to measure plasma glucose over a 3.5 hour postprandial study. 2. Intravenous blood samples will be collected from a subset of 12 (6 males and 6 females) participants for determination of insulin, satiety hormones, acetaminophen (gastric emptying rates), and determination of amino acid profiles.
Interventions
OTHERSkim milk products
Milk treatments will be served with 58g of breakfast cereal.
Sponsors
University of Toronto
Laval University
University of Guelph
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* BMI 20 - 24.9 kg/m2 * Healthy as determined by screening questionnaire * Male or Female * Non-smoking * Normal fasting plasma glucose (\<5.5 mmol/L), but not below 3.3 mmol/L. * Prior use of acetaminophen
Exclusion criteria
* Gastrointestinal conditions or illness (including, but not limited to, lactose intolerance, Celiac, Crohn's, Ulcerative Colitis (UC), Irritable Bowel Disorder (IBD) * Weight loss or weight gain of more than 5 kg during the previous 2 months * Taking medication or protein supplements (excluding oral contraceptive, multivitamins and folic acid) * Serious medical condition (ie. Renal, liver) * Lack of appetite or skipping breakfast * Restrained eaters as defined as having a Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Cognitive Restraint \>16 * Smoking * Reported intolerance to milk or very low consumption (\< 2 servings per week) as assessed by in-person screening. Or not liking of the research foods. * Food allergies or intolerances as well as anaphylactic or life-threatening allergies - food or otherwise * Diabetes or other metabolic diseases that could interfere with study outcomes * Acetaminophen, codeine or opioid allergy * Pregnant or Breast Feeding * Typical alcohol consumption of not more than 4 drinks per sitting
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postprandial Glycemia, as measured by capillary blood glucose (mmol/L) | 0-200 minutes |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postprandial Satiety, as measured by paper 100-mm visual analogue scale (mm) | 0-200 minutes |
| Food Intake at ad libitum lunch meal, as measured by weighed pizza consumption (g) | at 120 minutes |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Hormone and Amino Acid Analysis, as measured by biochemical assay (pmol/L and nmol/mL) | 0-200 minutes |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed