Diabetic Macular Oedema, Parafoveal Scotoma
Conditions
Keywords
Diabetic macular oedema, Perceptual learning, Chinese, Hong Kong
Brief summary
Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a sight-threatening problem for diabetic patient who has swelling in macula. Patients with DMO can receive laser treatment and achieve good acuity finally. However, some patients still have difficulties in reading even after proper treatment. In this project, the investigators aimed to explore the effectiveness of different training paradigms in improving reading performance in patients with DMO.
Detailed description
Patients with diabetic macular oedema (DMO), after receiving laser photocoagulation, achieved good outcomes in distance acuity. However, some patients, particularly those developing parafoveal scotoma, still had difficulty in reading. Inability to read or reading very slowly leads to the potential loss of job, as well as the enjoyment of reading for leisure. In this study, the investigators aimed to investigate the effectiveness of reading rehabilitation using perceptual learning paradigms in enhancing reading performance in patients with reading difficulties due to DMO. Also, the fundamental mechanisms explaining the reading problems in patients with DMO reading Chinese will be examined. The investigators hypothesize that the perceptual training would show an improvement in reading. The investigators' primary hypothesis is that temporal visual processing speed and spatial visual span will be improved after perceptual training. The investigators' secondary hypothesis is that the reading speed and fixation stability will be improved after training.
Interventions
OTHERTemporal Group
Visual Processing Training
OTHERSpatial Group
Spatial visual span training
OTHERCombined Group
Visual processing speed and spatial visual span training
OTHERControl Group
Leisure reading activities
Sponsors
The University of Hong Kong
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Able to read Chinese. * No formal vision rehabilitation training in reading after vision loss * Diagnosis of diabetic macular oedema (DMO) and had previous treatment with laser and / or intravitreal injections * Reasonable control of blood glucose level (HbA1c \<10) to minimize the impact of vision fluctuation * Education level of 6 years or more (primary school or above)
Exclusion criteria
* Receive any types of eye treatments other than those mentioned above * Any diagnosed ocular diseases other than DMO * Severe medical problems or self reported neurological or cognitive disorders * Serious hearing impairment * Previously attended vision rehabilitation clinic
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in visual processing speed | Change from baseline at week 6 and change from baseline at week 12 week | Using trigrams to measure the character-recognition accuracy while characters are presented at different exposure times |
| Change in visual span size | Change from baseline at week 6 and change from baseline at week 12 week | Using trigrams to measure the character-recognition accuracy while characters are presented at different positions |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in reading performance | Change from baseline at week 6 and change from baseline at week 12 week | Measured in three different ways for Chinese: 1. Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) 2. Sentence reading (MNREAD) 3. Passage reading (IReST) |
| Change in fixation stability | Change from baseline at week 6 and change from baseline at week 12 week | Fixation stability will be measured by MP-1 microperimeter. |
| Change in Chinese version of Impact of Visually Impaired (C-IVI) measure | Change from baseline at week 6 and change from baseline at week 12 week | Self evaluated instrument to measure vision related restriction of participation in daily living. |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed