Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Conditions
Keywords
Locally advanced, inoperable non-small cell lung carcinoma, Limited stage small cell lung carcinoma, Acute esophagitis, Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
Brief summary
This research study is examining the benefit of a novel radiation planning approach on the likelihood of developing severe esophagitis (irritation and inflammation of the esophagus) during the course of radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy which is associated with very painful and difficult swallowing.
Detailed description
This research study is a Phase I clinical trial, which tests the safety of an investigational intervention and also tries to define the appropriate dose of the investigational intervention to use for further studies. Investigational means that the intervention is being studied. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved radiation with chemotherapy as a treatment option for your disease. Currently, there are no established rules to avoid esophagitis in the treatment of lung cancer with radiation therapy. We have developed an IMRT-based technique, termed CEST, to reduce the radiation dose to the part of the esophagus that is located opposite to the tumor. The reason behind this approach is that a lower radiation dose causes less esophagus inflammation and irritation and, therefore, may preserve the swallowing function of the esophagus better. In our clinical experience, reducing the radiation dose to part of the esophagus in this fashion has shown the potential to dramatically decrease the likelihood of severe esophagitis in many though not all people with lung cancer. We therefore wish to analyze this technique further. There is no firm data to indicate that different chemotherapy regimens given at the same time of radiation therapy result in different rates of esophagitis. The Investigators will, therefore, allow any type of standard-of-care chemotherapy regimen at the discretion of the patient's medical oncologist.
Interventions
RADIATIONContralateral Esophageal Sparing Technique (CEST)
Determine whether CEST decreases rate of severe acute esophagitis
Sponsors
Massachusetts General Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Participants must meet the following criteria on screening examination to be eligible to participate in the study. * Histologically or cytologically proven diagnosis of NSCLC or SCLC * NSCLC, patients with clinical stage IIB-IV patients (AJCC, 7th ed.) are eligible, and for SCLC, limited-stage patients are eligible, if documented to be a candidate for definitive radiation and concurrent chemotherapy in the radiation oncologist or medical oncologist clinic note. * Stage IV NSCLC patients are eligible only if they have a solitary brain metastasis * Patients with non-malignant pleural effusion are eligible. --- If a pleural effusion is present, the following criteria must be met to exclude malignant involvement: * When pleural fluid is visible on both the CT scan and on a chest x-ray, a pleuracentesis is required to confirm that the pleural fluid is cytologically negative. * Exudative pleural effusions are excluded, regardless of cytology; * Effusions that are minimal (ie, not visible on chest x-ray) that are too small to safely tap are eligible. * Gross tumor (primary tumor or involved lymph node) must be within 1 cm of esophagus on the most recent chest CT scan. * ECOG performance status 0-1 within 30 days prior to registration; * Age ≥18 * Women of childbearing potential must indicate that there is not a possibility of being pregnant at the time of enrollment or have a negative serum pregnancy test prior to the initiation of radiation therapy. * Women of childbearing potential and male participants must practice adequate contraception. * Patient must provide study-specific informed consent prior to study entry.
Exclusion criteria
Participants who exhibit any of the following conditions at screening will not be eligible for admission into the study. * Greater than minimal, exudative, or cytologically positive pleural effusions * Tumor suspected or known to invade the esophagus * Prior chemotherapy if this precludes administration of concurrent chemotherapy for protocol treatment. Note that induction chemotherapy is allowed as long as concurrent chemotherapy is possible. * Prior radiotherapy to the region of the study cancer that would result in overlap of radiation therapy fields * Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) based upon current CDC definition; note, however, that HIV testing is not required for entry into this protocol. The need to exclude patients with AIDS from this protocol is necessary because the treatments involved in this protocol may be significantly immunosuppressive. Protocol-specific requirements may also exclude immuno-compromised patients. * Pregnancy or women of childbearing potential and men who are sexually active and not willing/able to use medically acceptable forms of contraception; this exclusion is necessary because the treatment involved in this study may be significantly teratogenic. * Any history of allergic reaction to chemotherapies used
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Acute Esophagitis (CTCAE) | up to 3 months | Esophagitis will be measured using the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) v4 scoring scale |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Acute Esophagitis (RTOG) | Baseline , up to 3 Months | Esophagitis will be measured using the historical Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scoring scale |
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events | Baseline, up to 2 Years | Adverse events will be measured using CTCAE v4 scoring scale |
| Rate of Local and Regional Failure | Median follow-up of up to 2 years | Response and progression will be evaluated in this study using the new international criteria proposed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guideline. No isolated locoregional tumor failures at a median follow-up of up to 2 years. |
| Overall Survival Rate | 2 Years | Follow-up time will be calculated from the date of registration to the date of death or the last follow-up date on which the patient was reported alive. Overall survival rates will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
One participant was consented but never began treatment
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) IMRT with CEST and concurrent chemotherapy (any standard-of-care regimen)
Contralateral Esophageal Sparing Technique (CEST): Determine whether CEST decreases rate of severe acute esophagitis | 26 |
| Total | 26 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 67 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 22 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 23 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 26 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 11 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 15 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 1 / 26 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 18 / 26 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 21 / 26 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Acute Esophagitis (CTCAE)
Esophagitis will be measured using the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) v4 scoring scale
Time frame: up to 3 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) | Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Acute Esophagitis (CTCAE) | 0 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Adverse Events
Adverse events will be measured using CTCAE v4 scoring scale
Time frame: Baseline, up to 2 Years
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) | Number of Participants With Adverse Events | 24 Participants |
Secondary
Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Acute Esophagitis (RTOG)
Esophagitis will be measured using the historical Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scoring scale
Time frame: Baseline , up to 3 Months
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) | Number of Participants With Grade 3 or Higher Acute Esophagitis (RTOG) | 0 Participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival Rate
Follow-up time will be calculated from the date of registration to the date of death or the last follow-up date on which the patient was reported alive. Overall survival rates will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: 2 Years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) | Overall Survival Rate | 67 percentage of participants |
Secondary
Rate of Local and Regional Failure
Response and progression will be evaluated in this study using the new international criteria proposed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guideline. No isolated locoregional tumor failures at a median follow-up of up to 2 years.
Time frame: Median follow-up of up to 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Contralateral Esophagus Sparing Technique (CEST) | Rate of Local and Regional Failure | 0 locoregional tumor failures |