Diabetic Nephropathy, Medication Compliance
Conditions
Keywords
glycemic index, diabetic nephropathy, low glycemic load, inflammation
Brief summary
low GI and low GL diet have more beneficial effect for diabetic nephropath patients compared with conventional diet. low GL may have more favorable effect than low GI diet.
Detailed description
According to body weight status of participants, the investigators considered a slight calorie restriction ranged from 200 to 300 Kcal/d. Planed meals and exchange list prescribed for all volunteers. Dietary records forms were given to all subjects and they were educated how to record their dietary intakes. The investigators asked subjects not to change their physical activity level during the study and monitored them for their physical activity level by 3 days physical activity records monthly.
Interventions
OTHERlow GI
All diets were designed with similar macronutrients content (30% fat, 0.8 g/kg/d protein and remained calorie requirement by carbohydrate). Additionally, we controlled phosphorus, sodium and potassium content of diets for three intervention groups. All dietary menus had less than 1500 mg phosphor and less than 2400 mg sodium and 2000 mg potassium.
OTHERconventional diet
All diets were designed with similar macronutrients content (30% fat, 0.8 g/kg/d protein and remained calorie requirement by carbohydrate). Additionally, we controlled phosphorus, sodium and potassium content of diets for three intervention groups. All dietary menus had less than 1500 mg phosphor and less than 2400 mg sodium and 2000 mg potassium.
Sponsors
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
30 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* diabetic nephropathy, medication stable
Exclusion criteria
* poor adherence of dietary recommendations, any changes in kind or dosage of medications
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Serum creatinine (and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (mg/dL) were measured by colorimetric method and enzymatic colorimetric method using commercial assay kit. | baseline, wk 12 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Serum levels of high sensitive C- reactive protein (hs-CRP) (mg/L) were quantified by using an ultrasensitive latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay (Randox Laboratory Ltd., Belfast, United Kingdom). | baseline, wk 12 |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and lipid profile concentrations (mg/dl) were measured using commercially available enzymatic reagents adopted to an auto-analyzer system. | baseline, wk 12 |
Countries
Iran
Outcome results
None listed