Genetic Predisposition, Postnatal Depression
Conditions
Brief summary
To elucidate the disease pathway of perinatal depression by identifying genetic variants which could play a role in predisposing to the condition and/or lead to better understanding of the pathogenesis of the condition. This is achieved by investigating for associations between oestrogen receptor genetic variants and perinatal depression.
Detailed description
Perinatal (antenatal and postnatal) depression is a common complication of childbearing, affecting 10 to 20% of mothers. In general, women are exposed to fluctuations in estrogen level during childbearing years, especially during pregnancy and following childbirth. For a subgroup of women with genetic predisposition rendering them more sensitive to such changes, pregnancy or childbirth can act as a trigger for the onset of perinatal depression. A case control study will be conducted to evaluate the association of variants in estrogen receptor and related genes with the disorder in our population. Women attending antenatal and postnatal clinics will be screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and cases will be identified. DNA from controls who are well throughout the antenatal and postpartum period and cases meeting DSM IV criteria for depressive disorder will be genotyped for various genetic variants. The distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes and non-genetic risk factors will be compared between cases and controls and within the case group. The risk factors for postnatal depression in relation to peripartum factors such as demographic, obstetric, anaesthetic and pain outcomes will be investigated. As perinatal depression is known to contribute to inadequate self-care and poor compliance with prenatal care, early diagnosis and treatment interventions are critical for the health and well-being of both mother and infant. In the short term, identified genetic markers that increase vulnerability to puerperal triggering of depression can be an additional screening tool to identify at-risk expectant mothers for early management during a very critical period for mother, infant, and family. In the long run, it may lead to identification of new pathways or treatment targets for this common but under-studied disorder.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
National University Hospital, Singapore
KK Women's and Children's Hospital
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
21 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Anthropometric profile: age 21-35 years; Chinese race; Chinese ancestry for all 4 grandparents * Natural conception (not artificially assisted) * Cases: depressive episode during antenatal period or \< 6 months postnatal at time of recruitment; patients with past diagnosis of depression must have been well for 3 months before pregnancy * Controls: well during antenatal period or \> 6 months postnatal at time of recruitment; no family history of depression or affective disorders
Exclusion criteria
* Other psychiatric disorders (non-mood disorders) namely schizophrenia and substance dependence * Previously diagnosed neurological disorders
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perinatal depression | Antenatal and postnatal period | Defined as meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Psychiatric Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for major depression through an interview by a clinician using Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis (SCID). |
Countries
Singapore
Outcome results
None listed