Halitosis, Periodontal Disease, Periodontitis
Conditions
Keywords
Halitosis, Sulfur compounds, Periodontitis, Periodontal treatment
Brief summary
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether short-term full mouth disinfection protocol could have a greater reduction in the levels of halitosis and volatile sulfur compound or not, when compared to quadrant-wise scaling and root planing
Detailed description
In recent years, several studies have shown that the levels of volatile sulfur compounds are higher in periodontitis patients. However, the relationship between periodontal disease and bad breath is still controversial. Aspects that should be clarified include its relation to periodontitis severity, the influence of risk variables and the subject of the present research, that is treatment choice. To help clinicians and patients when deciding about mechanical periodontal therapy, 30 patients with advanced chronic periodontitis were selected from the periodontics clinic, Dental School, Pontiphical Catholic University of Minas Gerais from April 2013 to May 2014. A complete periodontal clinical examination was performed and the following parameters were recorded: probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing, plaque index, and tongue coating index. Halitosis was assessed by using the organoleptic method and measurements of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) by using gas chromatography, at baseline and 90 days after non-surgical periodontal treatment. After periodontal clinical examination, individuals were randomly allocated to full-mouth scaling (FMS) - completed within 24 hours - or to conventional quadrant-wise scaling and root planing (SRP) - completed within 2 months. Halitosis and sulfur gas levels were were statistically compared (Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, p \< 0.05). For inter- and intra-group comparisons regarding categorical variables Chi-square, McNemar, and Fisher exact tests were used. Primary outcome was halitosis changing.
Interventions
PROCEDUREScaling and Root Planning (SRP)
Scaling and Root Planing (n=15): quadrant-wise scaling and root planing performed within four weekly session (30 min. per quadrant). Oral malodor was measured by organoleptic test and Oral Chroma (Abilit, Osaka Japan) prior to the oral examination, at Baseline and also at 90 days after treatment. Clinical monitoring and tongue coating index were taken at these same times. Oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants.
PROCEDUREFull Mouth Scaling (FMS)
Full Mouth Scaling (n=15): scaling and root planning was performed in a single stage (within 24 hours); two sessions (60 min. per session) in two consecutive days. Oral malodor was measured by organoleptic test and Oral Chroma (Abilit, Osaka Japan) prior to the oral examination, at Baseline and also at 90 days after treatment. Clinical monitoring and tongue coating index were taken at these same times. Oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants.
Sponsors
Federal University of Minas Gerais
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Caregiver, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
35 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* age between 35 and 60 years * presence of at least 20 natural teeth * diagnosis of chronic periodontitis * halitosis * no smokers
Exclusion criteria
* smokers or former smokers * individuals diagnosed with diabetes and / or immunological disorders * pregnant or lactating / patients with removable partial dentures and / or fixed or removable orthodontic appliance * systemic use of antibiotics or anti-inflammatory in the last six months * need for prophylactic use of antibiotics for performing the treatment * regular use or use in the last six months of any kind of mouthwash * individuals who underwent periodontal treatment in the 6 months preceding the start of the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in Halitosis at 3 months | Baseline and 90 days | Reduction in the number of patients with halitosis and improvement regarding halitosis severity |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in clinical attachment level at 3 months | Baseline and 90 days | Gain of clinical attachment levels (mean values) |
Outcome results
None listed