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Study of Lifileucel (LN-144), Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, in the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

A Phase 2, Multicenter Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (LN-144) for Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

Status
Completed
Phases
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT02360579
Acronym
LN-144
Enrollment
220
Registered
2015-02-10
Start date
2015-09-24
Completion date
2024-10-24
Last updated
2026-03-25

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Metastatic Melanoma

Keywords

Autologous Adoptive Cell Transfer, Autologous Adoptive Cell Therapy, Cellular Immuno-therapy, Cell Therapy, Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, TIL, LN-144, IL-2, Melanoma, Lifileucel

Brief summary

Prospective, interventional multicenter study evaluating adoptive cell therapy (ACT) via infusion of LN-144 (autologous TIL) followed by interleukin 2 (IL-2) after a nonmyeloablative lymphodepletion (NMA LD) preconditioning regimen.

Detailed description

Lifileucel is an autologous adoptive cell transfer therapy that utilizes a TIL manufacturing process, as originally developed by the NCI, for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma. The adoptive cell transfer therapy used in this study involves patients receiving a lymphocyte depleting preconditioning regimen, prior to infusion of autologous TIL, followed by the administration of a regimen of IL-2.

Interventions

BIOLOGICALLifileucel

A tumor sample is resected from each patient and cultured ex vivo to expand the population of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. After lymphodepletion, patients are infused with lifileucel followed by IL-2.

Sponsors

Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc.
Lead SponsorINDUSTRY

Study design

Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

Patients must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible for participation in the study: Criteria for Inclusion: 1. Patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma (Stage IIIc or Stage IV) 2. Patients must have progressed following ≥ one prior systemic therapy including a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) blocking antibody; and if proto-oncogene B-Raf (BRAF) V600 mutation-positive, a BRAF inhibitor or BRAF inhibitor in combination with mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitor 3. At least one measurable target lesion, as defined by RECIST v1.1 * Lesions in previously irradiated areas (or other local therapy) should not be selected as target lesions, unless treatment was ≥ 3 months prior to Screening, and there has been demonstrated disease progression in that particular lesion 4. At least one resectable lesion (or aggregate of lesions resected) of a minimum 1.5 cm in diameter post-resection to generate TIL; surgical removal with minimal morbidity (defined as any procedure for which expected hospitalization is ≤ 3 days) 5. Patients must be ≥ 18 years of age at the time of consent. Enrollment of patients \> 70 years of age may be allowed after consultation with the Medical Monitor 6. Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 and an estimated life expectancy of ≥ 3 months 7. In the opinion of the Investigator, patients must be able to complete all study-required procedures 8. Patients must have the following hematologic parameters: * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1000/mm3 * Hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 9.0 g/dL * Platelet ≥ 100,000/mm3 9. Patients must have adequate organ function: * Serum alanine transaminase (ALT)/serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)/serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) ≤ 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN); patients with liver metastasis ≤ 5 times ULN * Estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCl) ≥ 40 mL/min using the Cockcroft-Gault formula * Total bilirubin ≤ 2 mg/dL * Patients with Gilbert's syndrome must have a total bilirubin ≤ 3 mg/dL 10. Patients must have recovered from all prior therapy-related adverse events (AEs) to ≤ Grade 1 (per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events \[CTCAE\] v4.03), except for alopecia or vitiligo, prior to Enrollment (tumor resection) * Patients with documented ≥ Grade 2 diarrhea or colitis as a result of previous treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor(s) must have been asymptomatic for at least 6 months and/or had a normal colonoscopy post-immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, by visual assessment, prior to tumor resection 11. Patients must have a washout period ≥ 28 days from prior anticancer therapy(ies) to the start of the planned NMA-LD preconditioning regimen: * Targeted therapy: MEK/BRAF or other targeted agent * Chemotherapy * Immunotherapy: anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4)/anti-PD-1, other monoclonal antibody (mAb), or vaccine * Palliative radiation therapy is permitted so long as it does not involve lesions being selected for TIL, or as target or non-target lesions. Washout is not required if all related toxicities have resolved to ≤ Grade 1 as per CTCAE v4.03 12. Patients of childbearing potential or their partners of childbearing potential must be willing to take the appropriate precaution to avoid pregnancy or fathering a child for the duration of the study and practice an approved, highly effective method of birth control during treatment and for 12 months after receiving the last protocol-related therapy * Approved methods of birth control are as follows: * Combined (estrogen and progesterone containing) hormonal birth control associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral, intravaginal, transdermal * Progesterone-only hormonal birth control associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral, injectable, implantable * Intrauterine device (IUD) * Intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS) * Bilateral tubal occlusion * Vasectomized partner * True sexual abstinence when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the patient. Periodic abstinence (eg, calendar ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods) is not acceptable 13. Patients (or legally authorized representative) must have the ability to understand the requirements of the study, have provided written informed consent as evidenced by signature on an ICF approved by an Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee (IRB/IEC), and agree to abide by the study restrictions and return to the site for the required assessments, including the OS Follow-up Period 14. Patients have provided written authorization for use and disclosure of protected health information Criteria for Exclusion: Patients who meet any of the following criteria are not eligible for participation in this study: 1. Patients who have been shown to be BRAF mutation positive (V600), but have not received prior systemic therapy with a BRAF inhibitor alone or a BRAF inhibitor in combination with a MEK inhibitor 2. Patients who have received an organ allograft or prior cell transfer therapy 3. Patients with melanoma of uveal/ocular origin 4. Patients who have a history of hypersensitivity to any component or excipient of LN-144 or other study drugs: * NMA-LD preconditioning regimen (cyclophosphamide, mesna, and fludarabine) * Antibiotics (ABX) of the aminoglycoside group (ie, streptomycin, gentamicin); except those who are skin-test negative for gentamicin hypersensitivity * Any component of the LN-144 infusion product formulation including dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), human serum albumin (HSA), IL-2, and dextran-40 5. Patients with symptomatic and/or untreated brain metastases (of any size and any number) * Patients with definitively treated brain metastases may be considered for Enrollment, and must be stable for ≥ 14 days prior to beginning the NMA LD preconditioning regimen 6. Patients who are on chronic systemic steroid therapy for any reason 7. Patients who have active medical illness(es) that would pose increased risk for study participation, including: active systemic infections requiring systemic ABX, coagulation disorders, or other active major medical illnesses of the cardiovascular, respiratory, or immune system 8. Patients who have any form of primary immunodeficiency (such as severe combined immunodeficiency disease \[SCID\] and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome \[AIDS\]) 9. Patients who have a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \< 45% or New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification \> Class 1 * Patients ≥ 60 years of age and who have a history of ischemic heart disease, chest pain, or clinically significant atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias must have a cardiac stress test. Patients with any irreversible wall movement abnormalities are excluded 10. Patients who have a documented forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of ≤ 60% 11. Patients who have had another primary malignancy within the previous 3 years (with the exception of carcinoma in situ of the breast, cervix, or bladder; localized prostate cancer; and non-melanoma skin cancer that has been adequately treated) 12. Patients who have received a live or attenuated vaccine within 28 days of beginning the NMA-LD preconditioning regimen 13. Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding 14. Patients whose cancer requires immediate attention or who would otherwise suffer a disadvantage by participating in this trial 15. Patients protected by the following constraints: * Hospitalized persons without consent or persons deprived of liberty because of a judiciary or administrative decision * Adult persons with a legal protection measure or persons who cannot express their consent * Patients in emergency situations who cannot consent to participate in the trial

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Disease Assessment for Objective Response RateEvery 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 monthsEvaluate the efficacy of LN-144 in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma using the objective response rate (ORR), as assessed by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 for Cohorts 1 \& 3 and as assessed by Independent Review Committee (IRC) per RECIST Version 1.1 for Cohorts 2 \& 4

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Disease Assessment for Duration of ResponseEvery 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 monthsEvaluate the efficacy endpoints of duration of response (DOR) by the IRC for Cohorts 2 \& 4 and by the investigator for Cohort 1 per RECIST v1.1
Disease Assessment for Disease Control RateEvery 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 monthsEvaluate the efficacy endpoints of disease control rate (DCR) by the IRC for Cohorts 2 \& 4 and by the investigator for Cohort 1 per RECIST v1.1
Disease Assessment for Progression-Free SurvivalEvery 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 monthsEvaluate the efficacy endpoints of Progression-Free Survival by the IRC for Cohorts 2 \& 4 and by the investigator for Cohort 1 per RECIST v1.1
Overall SurvivalUntil death or up to 60 monthsEvaluate overall survival (OS)
Safety ProfileMaximum 60 monthsIncidence, seriousness, relationship to study treatment, and characteristics of treatment-emergent adverse events

Countries

France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States

Contacts

STUDY_CHAIRIovance Biotherapeutics Medical Monitor

Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc.

Participant flow

Pre-assignment details

Cohorts 1, 2, 4 refers to the initial treatment. Cohort 3 patients had progressed following the initial treatment and then were retreated with a second TIL regimen. Data are captured in the retreatment period for Cohort 3.

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Cohort 1
Non-cryopreserved LN-144 (Gen 1 infusion product) (Closed)
23
Cohort 2
Cryopreserved lifileucel (LN-144) (Gen 2 infusion product) (Closed)
67
Cohort 3
Retreatment cohort: patients from Cohort 1, Cohort 2 or Cohort 4 may rescreen for a second TIL regimen therapy if they meet all Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria (except exclusion criterion b) (Closed)
12
Cohort 4
Cryopreserved lifileucel (LN-144) (Gen 2 infusion product) (Closed)
89
Total191

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicCohort 2Cohort 1Cohort 3Cohort 4Total
Age, Categorical
Initial Treatment
<=18 years
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
Initial Treatment
>=65 years
14 Participants2 Participants0 Participants23 Participants39 Participants
Age, Categorical
Initial Treatment
Between 18 and 65 years
53 Participants21 Participants0 Participants66 Participants140 Participants
Age, Categorical
Retreatment
<=18 years
0 Participants0 Participants
Age, Categorical
Retreatment
>=65 years
1 Participants1 Participants
Age, Categorical
Retreatment
Between 18 and 65 years
11 Participants11 Participants
Age, Continuous
Initial Treatment
55 Years52 Years58 Years56 Years
Age, Continuous
Retreatment
52 Years52 Years
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Hispanic or Latino
5 Participants2 Participants0 Participants3 Participants10 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Not Hispanic or Latino
55 Participants21 Participants0 Participants85 Participants161 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Unknown or Not Reported
7 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants8 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Not Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants0 Participants10 Participants0 Participants10 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Asian
2 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Black or African American
1 Participants0 Participants0 Participants2 Participants3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Initial Treatment
White
64 Participants23 Participants0 Participants85 Participants172 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Asian
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Black or African American
0 Participants0 Participants2 Participants0 Participants2 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Retreatment
White
0 Participants0 Participants9 Participants0 Participants9 Participants
Region of Enrollment
France
2 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants3 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Germany
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants19 Participants19 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Hungary
2 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants2 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Spain
3 Participants0 Participants0 Participants10 Participants13 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Switzerland
1 Participants0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United Kingdom
3 Participants0 Participants0 Participants4 Participants7 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
56 Participants23 Participants0 Participants55 Participants134 Participants
Region of Enrollment
France
0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Germany
0 Participants0 Participants2 Participants0 Participants2 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United Kingdom
0 Participants0 Participants1 Participants0 Participants1 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
0 Participants0 Participants8 Participants0 Participants8 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Initial Treatment
Female
28 Participants12 Participants0 Participants44 Participants84 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Initial Treatment
Male
39 Participants11 Participants0 Participants45 Participants95 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Retreatment
Female
0 Participants0 Participants3 Participants0 Participants3 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Retreatment
Male
0 Participants0 Participants9 Participants0 Participants9 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
EG002
affected / at risk
EG003
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
18 / 2349 / 6711 / 1271 / 89
other
Total, other adverse events
23 / 2367 / 6712 / 1289 / 89
serious
Total, serious adverse events
9 / 2323 / 672 / 1231 / 89

Outcome results

Primary

Disease Assessment for Objective Response Rate

Evaluate the efficacy of LN-144 in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma using the objective response rate (ORR), as assessed by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 for Cohorts 1 & 3 and as assessed by Independent Review Committee (IRC) per RECIST Version 1.1 for Cohorts 2 & 4

Time frame: Every 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 months

Population: The Full Analysis Set is defined as patients who received the lifileucel infusion that met product manufacturing specifications. Cohort 3 patients had progressed following initial treatment in Cohorts 1, 2, 4 and then were retreated with a second TIL regimen.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Cohort 1Disease Assessment for Objective Response Rate4 Participants
Cohort 2Disease Assessment for Objective Response Rate23 Participants
Cohort 3Disease Assessment for Objective Response Rate1 Participants
Cohort 4Disease Assessment for Objective Response Rate25 Participants
Secondary

Disease Assessment for Disease Control Rate

Evaluate the efficacy endpoints of disease control rate (DCR) by the IRC for Cohorts 2 & 4 and by the investigator for Cohort 1 per RECIST v1.1

Time frame: Every 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 months

Population: The Full Analysis Set is defined as patients who received the lifileucel infusion that met product manufacturing specifications. Due to the small number of patients this outcome measure was not analyzed for Cohort 3 per the statistical analysis plan.

ArmMeasureValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Cohort 1Disease Assessment for Disease Control Rate48 Participants
Cohort 2Disease Assessment for Disease Control Rate72 Participants
Cohort 3Disease Assessment for Disease Control Rate12 Participants
Secondary

Disease Assessment for Duration of Response

Evaluate the efficacy endpoints of duration of response (DOR) by the IRC for Cohorts 2 & 4 and by the investigator for Cohort 1 per RECIST v1.1

Time frame: Every 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 months

Population: The Full Analysis Set is defined as patients who received the lifileucel infusion that met product manufacturing specifications. Due to the small number of patients this outcome measure was not analyzed for Cohort 3 per the statistical analysis plan.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Cohort 1Disease Assessment for Duration of ResponseNA months
Cohort 2Disease Assessment for Duration of Response10.4 months
Cohort 3Disease Assessment for Duration of ResponseNA months
Secondary

Disease Assessment for Progression-Free Survival

Evaluate the efficacy endpoints of Progression-Free Survival by the IRC for Cohorts 2 & 4 and by the investigator for Cohort 1 per RECIST v1.1

Time frame: Every 6 weeks for 6 months, then every 3 months for a maximum of 60 months

Population: The Full Analysis Set is defined as patients who received the lifileucel infusion that met product manufacturing specifications. Due to the small number of patients this outcome measure was not analyzed for Cohort 3 per the statistical analysis plan.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Cohort 1Disease Assessment for Progression-Free Survival4.1 months
Cohort 2Disease Assessment for Progression-Free Survival3.9 months
Cohort 3Disease Assessment for Progression-Free Survival2.6 months
Secondary

Overall Survival

Evaluate overall survival (OS)

Time frame: Until death or up to 60 months

Population: The Full Analysis Set is defined as patients who received the lifileucel infusion that met product manufacturing specifications. Due to the small number of patients this outcome measure was not analyzed for Cohort 3 per the statistical analysis plan.

ArmMeasureValue (MEDIAN)
Cohort 1Overall Survival15.6 months
Cohort 2Overall Survival12.7 months
Cohort 3Overall Survival12.9 months

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Mar 26, 2026