Atrial Fibrillation, Stroke
Conditions
Keywords
Oral anticoagulant, Knowledge translation, Emergency department
Brief summary
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart condition, and increases the risk of stroke by six times. There are several medications (blood thinners) that can prevent strokes in AF patients. Many AF patients present to the emergency department, but about half of AF patients leave without prescription of a blood thinner. The study aims to evaluate if adding options like giving a patient education kit, encouraging emergency room physicians to prescribe a blood thinner and providing a specialized AF clinic to patients will increase the number patients receiving blood thinners to prevent strokes.
Detailed description
This is a knowledge translation study will occur in three consecutive phases: Phase 1 is a retrospective chart review of all patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with ECG documented AF during 1 year prior to study commencement. The main purpose of Phase 1 is to determine if oral anticoagulants (OACs) were prescribed for eligible AF patients at ED discharge. In Phase 2 a low-intensity intervention will be applied in the ED during 6 months, involving physician education, distribution of an AF patient education package, short-term OAC prescription, and a follow-up letter to the patient's family physician. After a one month transition phase, a high intensity intervention will be applied during 6 months in Phase 3. Phase 3 incorporates the Phase 2 intervention, and adds immediate follow-up (within 48-72 hours) in a community AF clinic run by a nurse/pharmacist who is supervised by a specialist in AF.
Interventions
OTHERRetrospective review of OAC prescription
OTHERPrescription of OAC in ED
OTHERCommunity AF clinic
Sponsors
Population Health Research Institute
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients who present to the emergency department with electrocardiographically documented atrial fibrillation on a 12 lead ECG
Exclusion criteria
* Prosthetic or mechanical mitral or aortic valve * Known rheumatic heart disease * Unable to provide informed consent * Will be admitted to hospital * Life expectancy of \< 6 months * Metastatic malignancy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| New OAC Prescription (Phase 1 and 3 comparison) | Up to 72 hrs |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| New OAC Prescription (Phase 1 and 2 comparison) | Up to 72 hrs | — |
| New OAC Prescription (Phase 2 and 3 comparison) | Up to 72 hrs | — |
| OAC use in eligible patients at 6 months (Phase 2 and 3 comparison) | 6 months | — |
| Uptake of study interventions | 6 months | This outcome measure is meant to determine feasibility for a larger community cluster RCT. This will be measured by the uptake of the interventions described in this study, including: patient use of the AF educational kit, patient use of AF clinic, attendance at educational presentations for patients, family doctors and emergency physicians, patient use of automated text or email reminders for OACs. |
| OAC use in eligible patients at 30 days (Phase 2 and 3 comparison) | 30 days | — |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Safety related to OAC, as measured by rates of adverse events related to OAC including major bleeding and minor bleeding | 6 months | Rates of adverse events related to OAC including major bleeding and minor bleeding will be assessed |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed