Frailty, Quality of Life
Conditions
Keywords
Frailty, Pre-frailty, Fit, Robust, Elderly, Sociodemography status, Functional status, Cognitive status, Nutrition status, Comorbidity, Polypharmacy, Mortality, Depression status, Health-related quality of life, Fall incidence, Hospitality
Brief summary
Frailty is a dynamic process from fit (robust) and pre-frail elderly. There is no previous study that determine the risk factors from fit to pre-frailty and pre-frailty to frailty in Indonesian elderly. This study was aimed to define the risk factors and clinical outcomes of frailty transitional status in Indonesian elderly.
Detailed description
Frailty is an age-associated, biological syndrome characterized by decreased biological reserves, due to dysregulation of several physiological systems, which puts an individual at risk when facing minor stressors, and is associated with poor outcomes (ie, disability, death, and hospitalization). Frailty identifies a high-risk subgroup and offers characteristics of great clinical importance: a higher reversibility at early stages than disability, and a higher predictive value than chronic disease for adverse outcomes at older ages. It is also the most common condition leading to death in community-dwelling older people. However, there is current consensus that physical frailty is potentially reversible. It is hence useful to objectively detect frailty among frail elderly persons, as frailty indices serve a useful purpose for risk stratification, predicting need for institutional care and planning of services needed. To date, there is no study or information about frailty status in Indonesia elderly. This study was aimed to define the risk factors and clinical outcomes of frailty transitional status in Indonesian elderly.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Indonesia University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Elderly aged \>= 60 years old 2. Fit (robust) or pre-frailty; 3. Capable to understand and carry-out the instruction.
Exclusion criteria
1. Unwilling to join the study; 2. Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) score \< 8; 3. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score \>= 10; 4. Body mass index (BMI) \<18,5 Kg/m2; 5. Malnutrition (according to Mini Nutritional Assessment/MNA); 6. Liver cirrhosis, severe liver dysfunction, or serum ALT levels \>3 times upper normal limit; 7. Acute illness during inclusion period, eg. pneumonia, pain due to acute arthritis (visual analog scale \>6/10), stroke attack, crisis hypertension; 8. Severe cardiac dysfunction: acute decompensated heart failure and/or chronic heart failure functional class III or IV (New York Heart Association classification); 9. Severe pulmonary dysfunction: acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease stage III or IV (GOLD classification), and/or PaO2 levels \< 60 mmHg.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in frailty status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Frailty status is divided into Fit (robust), Pre-frail, and Frailty. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in health-related quality of life at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Health-related quality of life: using Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire. |
| Change from baseline in fall incidence at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Fall incidence: number of fall during observational period. |
| Change from baseline in hospitality at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Hospitality: number of hospital admission (emergency or inpatient care) during observational period. |
| Change from baseline in mortality at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Mortality: number of subjects died after 1 year observation. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in cognitive status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: Abbreviated mental test (AMT) questionnaire. |
| Change from baseline in mental status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaire. |
| Change from baseline in comorbidities status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) |
| Change from baseline in sarcopenia status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Categories: no sarcopenia, pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. |
| Change from baseline in nutritional status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. |
| Change from baseline in handgrip strength at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: using Jamar Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer Model J00105 |
| Change from baseline in gait speed at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: 15-feet walking test |
| Change from baseline in functional status at 1 year | Baseline and at 1 year | Measurement: Barthel Index Activities of Daily Living (B-ADL) & Lawton Instrumental & Activities of Daily Living (L-IADL) questionnaires. |
Countries
Indonesia
Contacts
Primary ContactSiti Setiati, Prof, MD
Outcome results
None listed