Musculoskeletal Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
The traditional model of localizing a nerve for blockade is using a peripheral nerve stimulator, PNS. Recent advances in UltraSound technology has allowed UltraSound to guide nerve blockade. However despite excellent visualization nerve block success has not significantly improved. I aim to show that this is because the PNS stimulation of a nerve is more than a proximity response as thought but a correct fascial plane response and hence the high success rate of this blind approach.
Interventions
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* ASA 1 to 3 patients for any shoulder surgery or unilateral ACL knee surgery
Exclusion criteria
* Refusal to consent * Allergy to Chirocaine local anaesthetic * Pace maker in situ * Sepsis at site of regional block
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Nerve stimulation resulting in muscle contraction or not | Five minutes | Whether the nerve is successfully stimulated, resulting in muscle contraction, or not when the needle is on the wrong side of the fascial layer. |