Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Conditions
Keywords
COPD, inspiratory muscle training, dyspnea, Quality of Life
Brief summary
The aim is to study effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training as a part of exercise training in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and if it adds to general exercise training program in regard to respiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, exercise performance and quality of life.
Interventions
DRUGtheophylline, long acting bronchodilators (LABD) or combined LABD and inhaled steroids according to GOLD recommendations
OTHERperipheral muscles exercise training
DEVICEinspiratory muscle training
Patients started breathing at a resistance that required generation of 30% of their PImax for one week. The load was then increased incrementally, 5-10%, to reach generation of 60% of their PImax at the end of the first month. Specific IMT was then continued at 60% of their PImax adjusted weekly to the new PImax achieved.
Sponsors
Mansoura University
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
45 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Exsmokers * Low PImax compared to reference values \[lower limits of normal: 80 cmH2O for patients less than or equal 54 years old; 71 cmH2O for patients' age between 55-64 years; and 65 cmH2O for patients 65 years old \]. * Stable patients without history of exacerbation or hospitalization four weeks before starting the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Lack of motivation and compliance. * Patients with significant reversibility following bronchodilation defined as an increase in FEV1 of more than 12% and 200 ml from the pre-bronchodilator value * Unstable cardiac disease \[severe heart failure, dangerous dysrhythmias, recent myocardial infarction or unstable angina (within 4 weeks)\]. * Uncontrolled hypertension * Recent pneumothorax (within 6 weeks) * Recent abdominal or thoracic surgery (within 6 weeks) * Known progressive neuromuscular disorders * Recent gastrointestinal bleeding (within 4 weeks) * Current smokers * Active cancer * Patients with advanced liver diseases, or renal impairment. * Known connective tissue diseases * Significant endocrinal abnormalities
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| changes in respiratory muscle strength | after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks of study | maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure |
| changes in perception of dyspnea | after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks of study | modified Medical Research Council and modified Borg category scale |
| changes in exercise performance | after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks of study | 6-min walk test |
| changes in quality of life | after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks of study | BODE index, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD patients (SGRQ-C) |
Outcome results
None listed