Blasts More Than 20 Percent of Bone Marrow Nucleated Cells, Blasts More Than 20 Percent of Peripheral Blood White Cells, Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of ruxolitinib phosphate when given together with decitabine and to see how well they work in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia that has come back or is not responding to treatment, or has developed from a type of bone marrow diseases called myeloproliferative neoplasms. Ruxolitinib phosphate may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as decitabine, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving ruxolitinib phosphate together with decitabine may be an effective treatment for acute myeloid leukemia.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the tolerability of the combination of decitabine and ruxolitinib phosphate (ruxolitinib \[DI\]) in patients with leukemia. (Phase I) II. To determine the efficacy of ruxolitinib in increasing and prolonging response induced by decitabine alone in patients with post myeloproliferative neoplasm acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (post MPN-AML) alternatively referred to as (myeloproliferative neoplasm - blast phase; MPN-BP). (Compared to historical response rate with decitabine alone) (Phase II) SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To compare whether there is a difference in response rate patients with post-MPN AML with janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutations and patients without JAK2 mutations. OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of ruxolitinib phosphate followed by a phase II study. Patients receive ruxolitinib phosphate orally (PO) twice daily (BID) on days 1-28 and decitabine intravenously (IV) over 1-2 hours on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Interventions
DRUGDecitabine
Given IV
OTHERLaboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies
Given PO
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Diagnosis of AML (World Health Organization \[WHO\] classification definition of \>= to 20% blasts) * In the phase I portion of the study all patients with relapsed or refractory AML are eligible; for the Phase II portion of the study, patients must have AML progressing from prior MPN (MPN-BP) or have myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/MPN with more than 20% blasts; temporary prior measures to control blood counts, such as apheresis or Hydrea are allowed; patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated disease are eligible as long as prior therapy does not include hypomethylating agents; prior therapy for ruxolitinib for MPN is allowed * Serum biochemical values with the following limits unless considered due to leukemia: * Creatinine =\< 1.5 mg/dl * Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 mg/dL, unless increase is due to hemolysis or congenital disorder * Transaminases (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase \[SGPT\]) =\< 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) * Ability to take oral medication * Ability to understand and provide signed informed consent * Performance status =\< 3, unless directly related to disease process as determined by the principal investigator
Exclusion criteria
* Any coexisting medical condition that in the judgment of the treating physician is likely to interfere with study procedures or results including uncontrolled severe infections, as well as uncontrolled cardiac disease, or other organ dysfunction; patients with history of tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B and C are excluded * Nursing women, women of childbearing potential with positive blood pregnancy test within 30 days of study start, or women of childbearing potential who are not willing to maintain adequate contraception (such as birth control pills, intrauterine device \[IUD\], diaphragm, abstinence, or condoms by their partner) over the entire course of the study * Incomplete recovery from any prior surgical procedures or had surgery within 4 weeks prior to study entry, excluding the placement of vascular access * Active clinically serious and uncontrolled infection
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Tolerated Dose of Ruxolitinib Phosphate (Phase I) | Up to 6 weeks | Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is defined as the highest dose studied for which the incidence of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) is less than or equal to 17% (1 out of 6). |
| Number of Participants With a Response (Complete Response [CR] + CR With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery) (Phase 2) | Up to 6 years | Complete Response (CR) is defined as - The participant must be free of all symptoms related to leukemia and have an absolute neutrophil count \>/= 1 z 10\^9/L, no need for red blood cell transfusion, platelet count\>/+ 100 x 10\^9/L, and normal marrow differential (\</= 5 % blasts) in a normo- or hypercellular marrow. Complete Response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) is defined as - Same as CR but incomplete count recovery. |
| Number of Participants With Post-MPN Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) With JAK2 Mutations (Phase 2) | Baseline | JAK2 mutations were assessed with the baseline Bone Marrow or Peripheral Blood. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of JAK2 Positive+ and JAK2 Negative- Participants With a Response (Phase 2) | up to 6 years | JAK2 mutations were assessed with the baseline Bone Marrow or Peripheral Blood. Complete Response (CR) is defined as - The participant must be free of all symptoms related to leukemia and have an absolute neutrophil count \>/= 1 z 10\^9/L, no need for red blood cell transfusion, platelet count\>/+ 100 x 10\^9/L, and normal marrow differential (\</= 5 % blasts) in a normo- or hypercellular marrow. Complete Response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) is defined as - Same as CR but incomplete count recovery. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Treatment Period: February 2015 to March 2021
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Ph1 (MTD) 10mg Patients receive ruxolitinib phosphate PO BID on days 1-28 and decitabine IV on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Decitabine: Given IV
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Ruxolitinib Phosphate: Given PO | 5 |
| Ph1 (MTD) 15mg Patients receive ruxolitinib phosphate PO BID on days 1-28 and decitabine IV on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Decitabine: Given IV
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Ruxolitinib Phosphate: Given PO | 3 |
| Ph1 (MTD) 25mg Patients receive ruxolitinib phosphate PO BID on days 1-28 and decitabine IV on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Decitabine: Given IV
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Ruxolitinib Phosphate: Given PO | 3 |
| Ph1 (MTD) 50mg Patients receive ruxolitinib phosphate PO BID on days 1-28 and decitabine IV on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Decitabine: Given IV
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Ruxolitinib Phosphate: Given PO | 3 |
| Ph2 Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) Patients receive 50mg ruxolitinib phosphate PO BID on days 1-28 and 20mg/m\^2 decitabine IV on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Decitabine: Given IV
Laboratory Biomarker Analysis: Correlative studies
Ruxolitinib Phosphate: Given PO | 16 |
| Total | 30 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Ph1 (MTD) 15mg | Ph1 (MTD) 25mg | Ph1 (MTD) 50mg | Ph2 Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) | Ph1 (MTD) 10mg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 9 Participants | 4 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants | 7 Participants | 1 Participants | 11 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 69 years | 77 years | 61 years | 69 years | 84 years | 69 years |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants | 0 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 10 Participants | 5 Participants | 23 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 3 participants | 3 participants | 3 participants | 16 participants | 5 participants | 30 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 6 Participants | 3 Participants | 11 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 2 Participants | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 10 Participants | 2 Participants | 19 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk | EG004 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 2 / 5 | 3 / 3 | 1 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 16 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 5 / 5 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 11 / 16 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 3 / 5 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 3 / 3 | 11 / 16 |
Outcome results
Primary
Maximum Tolerated Dose of Ruxolitinib Phosphate (Phase I)
Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is defined as the highest dose studied for which the incidence of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) is less than or equal to 17% (1 out of 6).
Time frame: Up to 6 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Ph1 (MTD) Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) | Maximum Tolerated Dose of Ruxolitinib Phosphate (Phase I) | NA Dose in Milligrams |
Primary
Number of Participants With a Response (Complete Response [CR] + CR With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery) (Phase 2)
Complete Response (CR) is defined as - The participant must be free of all symptoms related to leukemia and have an absolute neutrophil count \>/= 1 z 10\^9/L, no need for red blood cell transfusion, platelet count\>/+ 100 x 10\^9/L, and normal marrow differential (\</= 5 % blasts) in a normo- or hypercellular marrow. Complete Response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) is defined as - Same as CR but incomplete count recovery.
Time frame: Up to 6 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Ph1 (MTD) Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) | Number of Participants With a Response (Complete Response [CR] + CR With Incomplete Blood Count Recovery) (Phase 2) | 8 Participants |
Primary
Number of Participants With Post-MPN Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) With JAK2 Mutations (Phase 2)
JAK2 mutations were assessed with the baseline Bone Marrow or Peripheral Blood.
Time frame: Baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Ph1 (MTD) Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) | Number of Participants With Post-MPN Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) With JAK2 Mutations (Phase 2) | 11 Participants |
Secondary
Number of JAK2 Positive+ and JAK2 Negative- Participants With a Response (Phase 2)
JAK2 mutations were assessed with the baseline Bone Marrow or Peripheral Blood. Complete Response (CR) is defined as - The participant must be free of all symptoms related to leukemia and have an absolute neutrophil count \>/= 1 z 10\^9/L, no need for red blood cell transfusion, platelet count\>/+ 100 x 10\^9/L, and normal marrow differential (\</= 5 % blasts) in a normo- or hypercellular marrow. Complete Response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) is defined as - Same as CR but incomplete count recovery.
Time frame: up to 6 years
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ph1 (MTD) Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) | Number of JAK2 Positive+ and JAK2 Negative- Participants With a Response (Phase 2) | JAK 2+ Positive | 5 Participants |
| Ph1 (MTD) Treatment (Ruxolitinib Phosphate, Decitabine) | Number of JAK2 Positive+ and JAK2 Negative- Participants With a Response (Phase 2) | JAK 2- negative | 3 Participants |