Type 2 Diabetes
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether combining interval training with skim milk supplementation will result in improved glucose control and markers of cardiovascular health in people with type 2 diabetes. Participants will complete supervised interval training three times a week over a 12 week training period while consuming skim-milk, whey/casein protein drink, or a placebo beverage that does not contain any calories or vitamins/minerals immediately and 1 hour after each training session. After twelve weeks participants will repeat baseline tests to examine any effects of the intervention on their glucose control, fitness, blood vessel function, body composition, and blood markers of inflammation.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTSkim Milk
250 ml skim milk will be consumed by participants immediately and 1 hour after each of the 36 sessions of high-intensity interval training over a 12 week period.
BEHAVIORALHigh intensity interval training
All participants will undergo a 12 week high intensity interval training program consisting of 3 supervised sessions a week of 4-10 x 1 min high intensity interval alternating with 1 min of recovery.
OTHERPlacebo
250 mL water will be consumed by participants immediately and 1 hour after each of the 36 sessions of high-intensity interval training over a 12 week period.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTMacronutrient isoenergetic control
250 mL of protein+cho matched drink will be consumed by participants immediately and 1 hour after each of the 36 sessions of high-intensity interval training over a 12 week period.
Sponsors
Dairy Farmers of Canada
University of British Columbia
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Aged between 40 and 75. * Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for more than 6 months. * On stable medication for the last 6 months
Exclusion criteria
* Type 2 diabetes controlled with exogenous insulin * Uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure \>160/90 mmHg) * History of heart disease, myocardial infarction or stroke * Any other contraindications to exercise
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change from baseline in glycemic control assessed by continuous glucose monitoring at end of week 12 of intervention | Baseline, Week 12. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change from baseline in hemoglobin A1C percentage at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in fasting plasma glucose concentration at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in fasting plasma insulin concentration at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in flow mediated dilation of brachial artery at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in peak oxygen uptake as a measure of aerobic fitness at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12 |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change from baseline in fasting plasma non esterified free fatty acid concentration at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12 |
| Change from baseline in systolic blood pressure at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12 |
| Change from baseline in diastolic blood pressure at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in circulating inflammatory cytokines at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in body composition as measured by dual absorbancy x ray at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
| Change from baseline in task switching capabilities at end of week 12 of intervention. | Baseline, Week 12. |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed