Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to compare the systemic exposure to BI 1744 BS and tiotropium at steady state following inhalation of the fixed dose combination (FDC) of 10 μg BI 1744 CL plus 5 μg tiotropium bromide with the systemic exposure to BI 1744 BS and tiotropium at steady state following inhalation of the single agents, i.e., 10 μg BI 1744 CL and 5 μg tiotropium bromide, when administered once-daily via the Respimat® Inhaler for 21 days. The secondary objectives were to compare the safety and tolerability (adverse events, 12-lead electrocardiogram recordings, pulmonary function testing) of BI 1744 CL and tiotropium bromide when administered as fixed dose combination or as single-agent therapy.
Interventions
Sponsors
Boehringer Ingelheim
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. All patients must sign an informed consent consistent with International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) - Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines and local legislations prior to any study-related procedures, which includes medication washout and restrictions 2. All patients must have a diagnosis of COPD and must meet the following spirometric criteria: Patients must have relatively stable airway obstruction with a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) ≥ 30 % of predicted normal and \< 80% of predicted normal and a post-bronchodilator FEV1 / forced vital capacity (FVC) \< 70% at Visit 1 3. Male or female patients, 40 years of age or older 4. Patients must be current or ex-smokers with a smoking history of more than 10 pack years 5. Patients must be able to perform technically acceptable pulmonary function tests during the study period as required in the protocol 6. Patients must be able to inhale medication in a competent manner from the Respimat® inhaler and from a metered dose inhalator (MDI)
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients with a significant disease other than COPD; a significant disease is defined as a disease which, in the opinion of the investigator, may (i) put the patient at risk because of participation in the study, (ii) influence the results of the study, or (iii) cause concern regarding the patient's ability to participate in the study 2. Patients with clinically relevant abnormal baseline haematology, blood chemistry or urinalysis; all patients with a serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) \> 2.5 x ULN, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) \> 2.5 x ULN, bilirubin \>2x upper limit of normal (ULN), creatinine \>2 x ULN or creatinine clearance \< 50 mL/min (Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) by using the Cockcroft-Gault Formula) will be excluded regardless of clinical condition (a repeat laboratory evaluation will not be conducted in these patients) 3. Patients with a history of asthma or a total blood eosinophil count ≥600/mm3 4. Patients with any of the following conditions: * a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis * a diagnosis of paroxysmal tachycardia (\>100 beats per minute) * a marked baseline prolongation of QT/QTc interval * a history of additional risk factors for Torsade de Pointes (TdP) (e.g. heart failure, hypokalaemia, family history of Long QT Syndrome) 5. Patients with any of the following conditions: * a history of myocardial infarction within 1 year of screening visit (Visit 1) * a diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia, arterial hypertension or coronary heart disease * known active tuberculosis * a malignancy for which patient has undergone resection, radiation therapy or chemotherapy within last five years (patients with treated basal cell carcinoma are allowed) * a history of life-threatening pulmonary obstruction * a history of cystic fibrosis * clinically evident bronchiectasis * a history of significant alcohol or drug abuse 6. Patients who have undergone thoracotomy with pulmonary resection 7. Patients being treated with any of the following concomitant medications: * medications that prolong the QT/QTc interval since the effects of BI 1744 CL on QT/QTc interval have yet to be fully characterized * oral β-adrenergics * β-blockers (topical β -blockers for ocular conditions are allowed) * oral corticosteroid medication at unstable doses (i.e., less than six weeks on a stable dose) or at doses in excess of the equivalent of 10 mg of prednisone per day or 20 mg every other day 8. Patients who regularly use daytime oxygen therapy for more than one hour per day and in the investigator's opinion will be unable to abstain from the use of oxygen therapy during clinic visits 9. Patients who have completed a pulmonary rehabilitation program in the six weeks prior to the Screening Visit (Visit 1) or patients who are currently in a pulmonary rehabilitation program 10. Patients who have taken an investigational drug within one month or six half lives (whichever is greater) prior to Screening Visit (Visit 1) 11. Patients with known hypersensitivity to β-adrenergics and/or anticholinergic drugs, benzalkonium chloride, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or any other component of the Respimat® inhalation solution delivery system 12. Pregnant or nursing women 13. Women of childbearing potential not using two highly effective methods of birth control (one barrier and one non-barrier). Highly effective methods of birth control are defined as those which result in a low failure rate (i.e. less than 1% per year) when used consistently and correctly such as implants, injectables, combined oral contraceptives, some intrauterine devices (IUDs), sexual abstinence or vasectomised partner. Female patients will be considered to be of childbearing potential unless surgically sterilised by hysterectomy or bilateral tubal ligation, or post-menopausal for at least two years 14. Patients who have previously been randomized in this study or are currently participating in another study 15. Patients who are unable to comply with pulmonary medication restrictions prior to randomization 16. According to Inclusion Criterion No. 2, patients with a post-bronchodilator FEV1 of \< 30% of predicted normal will always be excluded. Patients with a post-bronchodilator FEV1 between 30 and 50% of predicted normal will be excluded from the study, if they display additional symptoms of chronic respiratory insufficiency or right ventricular insufficiency 17. Patients with narrow angle glaucoma, prostate hyperplasia, or bladder neck obstruction
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| AUC(0-1h,ss) of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Area under the concentration time curve of Olodaterol in plasma over the time interval t1=0 to t2=1 hour at steady state (AUC(0-1h,ss)). As plasma concentrations were not expected to be quantifiable over the complete dosing interval in all patients, t2 was defined as the time-point where at least 2/3 of the patients reveal quantifiable plasma concentrations of Olodaterol. Based on the given definition AUC(0-1h,ss) was selected as primary endpoint. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| Cmax,ss of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Maximum measured concentration of Olodaterol in plasma at steady state (Cmax,ss). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| Ae(0-24h,ss) of Tiotropium | Intervals 0-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 hours on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Amount of Tiotropium that was eliminated in urine at steady state from time point 0 to 24 h post-inhalation (Ae(0-24h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| AUC(0-2h,ss) of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Area under the concentration time curve of Olodaterol in plasma over the time interval 0 to 2 hours at steady state (AUC(0-2h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| AUC(0-4h,ss) of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Area under the concentration time curve of Tiotropium in plasma over the time interval t1=0 to t2=4 h at steady state (AUC(0-4h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| AUC(0-tz,ss) of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Area under the plasma concentration-time curve at steady state over the time interval from 0 to the time of the last quantifiable data point (AUC(0-tz)) for Olodaterol. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| AUC(0-tz,ss) of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Area under the plasma concentration-time curve at steady state over the time interval from 0 to the time of the last quantifiable data point (AUC(0-tz)) for Tiotropium. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| Tmax,ss of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Time from dosing to the maximum concentration of Olodaterol in plasma at steady state (tmax,ss). |
| Tmax,ss of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Time from dosing to the maximum concentration of Tiotropium in plasma at steady state (tmax,ss). |
| fe(0-24,ss) of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Fraction of Olodaterol eliminated in urine from 0 to 24 hours at steady state (fe(0-24,ss)). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics. |
| fe(0-24,ss) of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Fraction of Tiotropium eliminated in urine from 0 to 24 hours at steady state (fe(0-24,ss)). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics. |
| Ae(0-24h,ss) of Olodaterol | Intervals 0-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 hours on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Amount of Olodaterol that was eliminated in urine at steady state from time point 0 to 24 h post-inhalation (Ae(0-24h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| Cmin,ss of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (Cmin,ss). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics. |
| Tmin,ss of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Time from last dosing to the minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (tmin,ss) |
| Tmin,ss of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Time from last dosing to the minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (tmin,ss) |
| Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Concentration of the analyte in plasma at 0.333 hours (20 minutes) after the 8th, 14th and 21st dose, C(0.333\_8), C(0.333\_14,ss) and C(0.333\_21,ss) respectively. As steady state was anticipated to be reached by day 14 at the latest, the index 'ss' was used for days 14 and 21. The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics. |
| Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Concentration of the analyte in plasma at 0.333 hours (20 minutes) after the 8th, 14th and 21st dose, C(0.333\_8), C(0.333\_14,ss) and C(0.333\_21,ss) respectively. As steady state was anticipated to be reached by day 14 at the latest, the index 'ss' was used for days 14 and 21. The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics. |
| FVC Change From Baseline | 0:30 and 1:00 h after drug administration on the first day of each treatment period | Mean change from baseline in forced vital capacity (FVC). Pulmonary function test. The baseline value was measured pre-dose on day 1 of the first treatment period. |
| FEV1 Change From Baseline | 0:30 and 1:00 h after drug administration on the first day of each treatment period | Mean change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Pulmonary function test. The baseline value was measured pre-dose on day 1 of the first treatment period. |
| Clinical Relevant Abnormalities in Vital Signs, Physical Examination, Blood Chemistry, Haematology, Urinanalysis and ECG | From drug administration until 14 days following the last drug administration | Clinically relevant abnormalities in vital signs (blood pressure and pulse rate), physical examination, blood chemistry, haematology, urinanalysis and ECG. New abnormal findings or worsening of baseline conditions were reported as Adverse Events. Any adverse events which occurred within 14 days following the last drug administration were assigned to the last study treatment administered. |
| Cmin,ss of Olodaterol | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (Cmin,ss). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics. |
| AUC(0-6h,ss) of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Area under the concentration time curve of Tiotropium in plasma over the time interval t1=0 to t2=6 h at steady state (AUC(0-6h,ss)). As plasma concentrations were not expected to be quantifiable over the complete dosing interval in all patients, t2 was defined as the time-point where at least 2/3 of the patients reveal quantifiable plasma concentrations of Tiotropium. Based on the given definition AUC(0-6h,ss) was selected as secondary endpoint. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
| Cmax,ss of Tiotropium | Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period. | Maximum measured concentration of Tiotropium in plasma at steady state (Cmax,ss). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA). |
Participant flow
Pre-assignment details
A randomised, double-blind, 3-way crossover study, each patient received each of the three treatments for 21 days according to randomisation.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| All Subjects A randomised, active-controlled, double-blind, 3-way crossover study in patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). All participants received each of the three treatment arms in a randomly assigned order, the three treatments, which were administered by oral inhalation, from the Respimat inhaler once daily, in the morning for 21 days, were:
* Fixed dose combination (FDC) of Tiotropium 5 µg and Olodaterol 10 µg
* Olodaterol 10 µg.
* Tiotropium 5 µg. | 47 |
| Total | 47 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | All Subjects |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 59.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.4 |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 22 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 25 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | — / — | — / — | — / — |
| other Total, other adverse events | 6 / 47 | 10 / 47 | 9 / 47 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 47 | 0 / 47 | 0 / 47 |
Outcome results
Primary
Ae(0-24h,ss) of Tiotropium
Amount of Tiotropium that was eliminated in urine at steady state from time point 0 to 24 h post-inhalation (Ae(0-24h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Intervals 0-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 hours on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Ae(0-24h,ss) of Tiotropium | 900.57 ng | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 20.43 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Ae(0-24h,ss) of Tiotropium | 918.63 ng | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 20.43 |
Comparison: Comparison of Tiotropium (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg: Tiotropium 5 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.91, 1.06]ANOVA
Primary
AUC(0-1h,ss) of Olodaterol
Area under the concentration time curve of Olodaterol in plasma over the time interval t1=0 to t2=1 hour at steady state (AUC(0-1h,ss)). As plasma concentrations were not expected to be quantifiable over the complete dosing interval in all patients, t2 was defined as the time-point where at least 2/3 of the patients reveal quantifiable plasma concentrations of Olodaterol. Based on the given definition AUC(0-1h,ss) was selected as primary endpoint. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic (PK) set which included all patients in the treated set who provided at least one of the PK parameters in at least one treatment period and completed the trial without any important protocol violations, it is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | AUC(0-1h,ss) of Olodaterol | 4.67 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 32.15 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | AUC(0-1h,ss) of Olodaterol | 4.15 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 32.15 |
Comparison: Comparison of Olodaterol (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg: Olodaterol 10 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.99, 1.27]ANOVA
Primary
Cmax,ss of Olodaterol
Maximum measured concentration of Olodaterol in plasma at steady state (Cmax,ss). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Cmax,ss of Olodaterol | 5.87 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 27.17 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Cmax,ss of Olodaterol | 5.28 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 27.17 |
Comparison: Comparison of Olodaterol (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg: Olodaterol 10 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [1.01, 1.22]ANOVA
Secondary
Ae(0-24h,ss) of Olodaterol
Amount of Olodaterol that was eliminated in urine at steady state from time point 0 to 24 h post-inhalation (Ae(0-24h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Intervals 0-4, 4-8, 8-12 and 12-24 hours on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Ae(0-24h,ss) of Olodaterol | 360.98 ng | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 19.85 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Ae(0-24h,ss) of Olodaterol | 344.17 ng | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 19.85 |
Comparison: Comparison of Olodaterol (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg: Olodaterol 10 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.98, 1.13]ANOVA
Secondary
AUC(0-2h,ss) of Olodaterol
Area under the concentration time curve of Olodaterol in plasma over the time interval 0 to 2 hours at steady state (AUC(0-2h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | AUC(0-2h,ss) of Olodaterol | 8.52 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 21.33 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | AUC(0-2h,ss) of Olodaterol | 8.36 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 21.33 |
Comparison: Comparison of Olodaterol (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg : Olodaterol 10 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.93, 1.12]ANOVA
Secondary
AUC(0-4h,ss) of Tiotropium
Area under the concentration time curve of Tiotropium in plasma over the time interval t1=0 to t2=4 h at steady state (AUC(0-4h,ss)). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | AUC(0-4h,ss) of Tiotropium | 21.92 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 22.61 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | AUC(0-4h,ss) of Tiotropium | 24.00 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 22.61 |
Comparison: Comparison of Tiotropium (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg : Tiotropium 5 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.84, 1]ANOVA
Secondary
AUC(0-6h,ss) of Tiotropium
Area under the concentration time curve of Tiotropium in plasma over the time interval t1=0 to t2=6 h at steady state (AUC(0-6h,ss)). As plasma concentrations were not expected to be quantifiable over the complete dosing interval in all patients, t2 was defined as the time-point where at least 2/3 of the patients reveal quantifiable plasma concentrations of Tiotropium. Based on the given definition AUC(0-6h,ss) was selected as secondary endpoint. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | AUC(0-6h,ss) of Tiotropium | 29.97 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 19.81 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | AUC(0-6h,ss) of Tiotropium | 33.24 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 19.81 |
Comparison: Comparison of Tiotropium (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg: Tiotropium 5 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.83, 0.98]ANOVA
Secondary
AUC(0-tz,ss) of Olodaterol
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve at steady state over the time interval from 0 to the time of the last quantifiable data point (AUC(0-tz)) for Olodaterol. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | AUC(0-tz,ss) of Olodaterol | 12.20 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 96.12 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | AUC(0-tz,ss) of Olodaterol | 9.25 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 96.12 |
Comparison: Comparison of Olodaterol (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg; Olodaterol 10 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.98, 1.77]ANOVA
Secondary
AUC(0-tz,ss) of Tiotropium
Area under the plasma concentration-time curve at steady state over the time interval from 0 to the time of the last quantifiable data point (AUC(0-tz)) for Tiotropium. The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | AUC(0-tz,ss) of Tiotropium | 32.67 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 72.08 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | AUC(0-tz,ss) of Tiotropium | 32.91 pg*h/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 72.08 |
Comparison: Comparison of Tiotropium (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg; Tiotropium 5 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.79, 1.24]ANOVA
Secondary
Clinical Relevant Abnormalities in Vital Signs, Physical Examination, Blood Chemistry, Haematology, Urinanalysis and ECG
Clinically relevant abnormalities in vital signs (blood pressure and pulse rate), physical examination, blood chemistry, haematology, urinanalysis and ECG. New abnormal findings or worsening of baseline conditions were reported as Adverse Events. Any adverse events which occurred within 14 days following the last drug administration were assigned to the last study treatment administered.
Time frame: From drug administration until 14 days following the last drug administration
Population: Treated Set. All randomised patients who received at least one dose of trial medication were included in the treated set.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Clinical Relevant Abnormalities in Vital Signs, Physical Examination, Blood Chemistry, Haematology, Urinanalysis and ECG | 0 participants |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Clinical Relevant Abnormalities in Vital Signs, Physical Examination, Blood Chemistry, Haematology, Urinanalysis and ECG | 0 participants |
| Tiotropium 5 µg | Clinical Relevant Abnormalities in Vital Signs, Physical Examination, Blood Chemistry, Haematology, Urinanalysis and ECG | 0 participants |
Secondary
Cmax,ss of Tiotropium
Maximum measured concentration of Tiotropium in plasma at steady state (Cmax,ss). The displayed values show adjusted gMeans and intra-subject variabilities calculated from the statistical model (ANOVA).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Cmax,ss of Tiotropium | 15.55 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 29.92 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Cmax,ss of Tiotropium | 16.15 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 29.92 |
Comparison: Comparison of Tiotropium (Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg : Tiotropium 5 µg). No formal testing.90% CI: [0.87, 1.07]ANOVA
Secondary
Cmin,ss of Olodaterol
Minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (Cmin,ss). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics.
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Cmin,ss of Olodaterol | 2.30 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 12.6 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Cmin,ss of Olodaterol | 2.26 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 12 |
Secondary
Cmin,ss of Tiotropium
Minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (Cmin,ss). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics.
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Cmin,ss of Tiotropium | 2.95 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 14.9 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Cmin,ss of Tiotropium | 2.89 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 9.84 |
Secondary
Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma
Concentration of the analyte in plasma at 0.333 hours (20 minutes) after the 8th, 14th and 21st dose, C(0.333\_8), C(0.333\_14,ss) and C(0.333\_21,ss) respectively. As steady state was anticipated to be reached by day 14 at the latest, the index 'ss' was used for days 14 and 21. The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics.
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | C(0.333_8) (N=38, 34) | 5.09 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 48 |
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | C(0.333_14,ss) (N=41, 38) | 5.13 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 41.4 |
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | C(0.333_21,ss) (N=43, 40) | 5.23 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 53.7 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | C(0.333_8) (N=38, 34) | 4.48 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 48.2 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | C(0.333_14,ss) (N=41, 38) | 4.66 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 52.5 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Concentration of Olodaterol in Plasma | C(0.333_21,ss) (N=43, 40) | 4.80 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 54.5 |
Secondary
Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma
Concentration of the analyte in plasma at 0.333 hours (20 minutes) after the 8th, 14th and 21st dose, C(0.333\_8), C(0.333\_14,ss) and C(0.333\_21,ss) respectively. As steady state was anticipated to be reached by day 14 at the latest, the index 'ss' was used for days 14 and 21. The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics.
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | C(0.333_21,ss) (N=46, 44) | 8.34 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 53.2 |
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | C(0.333_8) (N=40, 38) | 8.90 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 60.7 |
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | C(0.333_14,ss) (N=43, 40) | 9.08 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 53.3 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | C(0.333_21,ss) (N=46, 44) | 9.21 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 58.8 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | C(0.333_8) (N=40, 38) | 9.58 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 52.9 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Concentration of Tiotropium in Plasma | C(0.333_14,ss) (N=43, 40) | 9.02 pg/mL | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 60.3 |
Secondary
fe(0-24,ss) of Olodaterol
Fraction of Olodaterol eliminated in urine from 0 to 24 hours at steady state (fe(0-24,ss)). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics.
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | fe(0-24,ss) of Olodaterol | 3.62 percentage of olodaterol dose | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 43.8 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | fe(0-24,ss) of Olodaterol | 3.57 percentage of olodaterol dose | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 47.7 |
Secondary
fe(0-24,ss) of Tiotropium
Fraction of Tiotropium eliminated in urine from 0 to 24 hours at steady state (fe(0-24,ss)). The displayed values show gMeans and inter-subject variabilities calculated from descriptive statistics.
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | fe(0-24,ss) of Tiotropium | 18.2 percentage of tiotropium dose | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 41.5 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | fe(0-24,ss) of Tiotropium | 18.6 percentage of tiotropium dose | Geometric Coefficient of Variation 46.1 |
Secondary
FEV1 Change From Baseline
Mean change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Pulmonary function test. The baseline value was measured pre-dose on day 1 of the first treatment period.
Time frame: 0:30 and 1:00 h after drug administration on the first day of each treatment period
Population: Treated Set.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | FEV1 Change From Baseline | 0:30 h after drug administration (N=47, 47, 47) | 0.275 L | Standard Deviation 0.202 |
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | FEV1 Change From Baseline | 1:00 h after drug administration (N=47, 46, 47) | 0.335 L | Standard Deviation 0.25 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | FEV1 Change From Baseline | 0:30 h after drug administration (N=47, 47, 47) | 0.292 L | Standard Deviation 0.233 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | FEV1 Change From Baseline | 1:00 h after drug administration (N=47, 46, 47) | 0.357 L | Standard Deviation 0.237 |
| Tiotropium 5 µg | FEV1 Change From Baseline | 0:30 h after drug administration (N=47, 47, 47) | 0.271 L | Standard Deviation 0.211 |
| Tiotropium 5 µg | FEV1 Change From Baseline | 1:00 h after drug administration (N=47, 46, 47) | 0.284 L | Standard Deviation 0.206 |
Secondary
FVC Change From Baseline
Mean change from baseline in forced vital capacity (FVC). Pulmonary function test. The baseline value was measured pre-dose on day 1 of the first treatment period.
Time frame: 0:30 and 1:00 h after drug administration on the first day of each treatment period
Population: Treated Set.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | FVC Change From Baseline | 0:30 h after drug administration (N=47, 47, 47) | 0.485 L | Standard Deviation 0.354 |
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | FVC Change From Baseline | 1:00 h after drug administration (N=47, 46, 47) | 0.547 L | Standard Deviation 0.409 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | FVC Change From Baseline | 0:30 h after drug administration (N=47, 47, 47) | 0.450 L | Standard Deviation 0.406 |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | FVC Change From Baseline | 1:00 h after drug administration (N=47, 46, 47) | 0.522 L | Standard Deviation 0.375 |
| Tiotropium 5 µg | FVC Change From Baseline | 0:30 h after drug administration (N=47, 47, 47) | 0.436 L | Standard Deviation 0.321 |
| Tiotropium 5 µg | FVC Change From Baseline | 1:00 h after drug administration (N=47, 46, 47) | 0.470 L | Standard Deviation 0.387 |
Secondary
Tmax,ss of Olodaterol
Time from dosing to the maximum concentration of Olodaterol in plasma at steady state (tmax,ss).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Tmax,ss of Olodaterol | 0.25 h |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Tmax,ss of Olodaterol | 0.25 h |
Secondary
Tmax,ss of Tiotropium
Time from dosing to the maximum concentration of Tiotropium in plasma at steady state (tmax,ss).
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Tmax,ss of Tiotropium | 0.083 h |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Tmax,ss of Tiotropium | 0.083 h |
Secondary
Tmin,ss of Olodaterol
Time from last dosing to the minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (tmin,ss)
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Tmin,ss of Olodaterol | 2.00 h |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Tmin,ss of Olodaterol | 1.01 h |
Secondary
Tmin,ss of Tiotropium
Time from last dosing to the minimum concentration of the analyte in plasma at steady state over a uniform dosing interval (tmin,ss)
Time frame: Within 30 min before drug administration and 0:02, 0:05, 0:10, 0:15, 0:20, 0:40, 1:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, 12:00, 24:00 hours after drug administration on Day 21 of the actual treatment period.
Population: Pharmacokinetic set which is however restricted to patients with evaluable data for this endpoint.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Tiotropium+Olodaterol 5/10 μg | Tmin,ss of Tiotropium | 6.00 h |
| Olodaterol 10 µg | Tmin,ss of Tiotropium | 8.00 h |