Obesity, Diabetes
Conditions
Keywords
insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, polyphenols, adipose tissue, overfeeding
Brief summary
Obesity results from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, and are strongly associated with metabolic complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity is defined as an excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health, a risk that is highly dependent upon the type of adipose tissue accumulation, whether visceral or sub-cutaneous, but also upon the characteristics of the fat tissue, especially inflammatory cells accumulation. Because of the well known sexual difference in fat accretion, this obesity-associated risk may also be very different for men and for women. In addition, recent data indicate that various factors such as the intestinal microbiota, but also the dietary intake of protective nutrients might be important determinants of the metabolic complications of obesity. Here we propose to: 1) study the metabolic adaptations and the mechanisms of adipose tissue accumulation during a period of controlled caloric over-nutrition, both in men and in women; 2) evaluate the potential protective effects of a supplementation with polyphenols on insulin resistance and other metabolic adaptations.
Detailed description
To achieve these goals, healthy male and female volunteers will be enrolled into a one month longitudinal, prospective study on the influence of hypercaloric overfeeding (+50% of daily caloric needs) on different tissues (adipose tissue, muscle and blood). They will be separated into two different groups: hypercaloric nutrition and placebo, and hypercaloric nutrition and polyphenols (2g/day), where polyphenols administration will be randomized and administered in a double blind fashion. Whole body and hepatic insulin sensitivity, total energy expenditure, glucose hepatic production, protein and gene expression in muscle, adipose tissue and blood as well as intestinal microbiota will be assessed at base line, and after one month of overfeeding.
Interventions
OTHERHypercaloric diet
Hypercaloric diet will be designed to provide 50% excess in calories compared to daily requirements. It will consist in a snack type, high fat and high carbohydrates diet.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTpolyphenols
Administration of polyphenols will consist in the administration of 1 gram (5x200 mg) of the compound bid during the entire overfeeding period.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTplacebo (for polyphenols)
Placebo will consist in the administration of a number of placebo pills matching that of polyphenols, in a similar way (bid) for the duration of the overfeeding experiment.
Sponsors
University of Lyon
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* normal healthy male and female volunteer
Exclusion criteria
* Diabetes mellitus * High blood pressure * Liver disease * Kidney disease
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in insulin sensitivity | baseline, day 31 of overfeeding | Whole body insulin sensitivity will be measured during hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamps. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in muscle and adipose tissue gene expression | Baseline, day 28 of overfeeding | Transcriptomic experiments will be performed on muscle and adipose tissue samples |
Countries
Switzerland
Contacts
Primary ContactFrançois P Pralong, MD
Outcome results
None listed