Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Peripheral intravenous catheter, Peripheral intravenous lock, Normal saline, Patency, Management, of peripheral, intravenous catheter
Brief summary
Children admitted in a ward often require a peripheral intravenous catheter to provide access for administration of medications, nutrients, fluids, blood products. Vascular access in children is a frequent and stressful procedure that should be performed as infrequently as possible in order to reduce the child's pain experience and the child's and family's level of distress. The maintenance of patency of indwelling catheters is therefore relevant to minimize need for replacement and children discomfort. Recent studies investigated the most effective and safe method of maintaining peripheral intravenous lock (peripheral IVL) in children. Most of these studies focused primary on the use of heparin versus saline flushes, showing similar efficacy of the two approaches. To the best of the investigators knowledge no study addressed the issue of the optimal flushing frequency of normal saline . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of normal saline flushes, at 12 and 24 hours intervals.
Interventions
PROCEDUREFlushing with positive pressure
Placement of a sterile plug (MicroClave ICU Medica, a neutral displacement connector) on the needle cannula and flushing with positive pressure with saline solution (BD PosiFlush XS Syringes, filled with 3 ml of saline)
DRUGNormal saline
DEVICEMicroClave ICU Medica
Sponsors
IRCCS Burlo Garofolo
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
1 Years to 17 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* age between 1 and 17 years * peripheral intravenous catheter 22 G or 24 G * need to maintain the access for at least 24 hours without infusion
Exclusion criteria
* need for continuous infusion therapy * programmed therapy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of participants with peripheral intravenous catheter patency | Until catheter use (i.e. drug infusion) or removal (catether related complication or no further need of use), with an expected avarage of 48 hours | Patency was defined as the possibility of flushing the cannula with a 3 ml Becton Dickinson syringe filled with 3 ml of normal saline in less than 20 seconds without resistance at infusion, pain or erythema |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of participants with pain | Until catheter use (i.e. drug infusion) or removal (catether related complication or no further need of use), with an expected avarage of 48 hours | Any pain at the site of catheter insertion referred by patients to nurses |
| Number of participants with blood extravasation | Until catheter use (i.e. drug infusion) or removal (catether related complication or no further need of use), with an expected avarage of 48 hours | Presence of blood extravasation in the site of catheter insertion, defined as the presence of changes in the site's appearence and temperature (i.e. edema, blanching, coolness) at the time of nurse's evaluation |
| Number of participants with skin redness | Until catheter use (i.e. drug infusion) or removal (catether related complication or no further need of use), with an expected avarage of 48 hours | Presence of skin redness at the site of catheter insertion at the time of nurse's evaluation |
| Number of participants with swelling | Until catheter use (i.e. drug infusion) or removal (catether related complication or no further need of use), with an expected avarage of 48 hours | Presence of swelling in the site of catheter insertion at the time of nurse's evaluation |
Countries
Italy
Outcome results
None listed