Obesity
Conditions
Keywords
apple, high fiber, body composition, children
Brief summary
The primary objective of the proposed research is to determine the influence of 8 weeks of twice daily consumption of 120 kcal servings of dried apples or a commonly consumed low fat 120kcal muffin on components of obesity (waist circumference \[waist measurement\], serum glucose \[blood sugar\], triglycerides \[fats in the blood\] and HDL-cholesterol, and blood pressure) as well as antioxidant status, inflammatory markers, nutrient intake in overweight and obese individuals. A total of 48 children aged 10-16 years will be randomly assigned to groups and provided with twice daily 120 kcal servings of either dried apples or muffins for 8 weeks of feeding. Prior to initiating the feeding trial and again after 8 weeks, blood samples will be collected and analyzed. During each visit to the lab, subjects will be weighed in minimal clothing, tested for body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and air displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod) and blood pressure, and measured for waist circumference. One 24-hour recall will be performed prior to initiation of the study; one recall will be performed throughout the feeding period, and one at the end of the 8 weeks. Dietary intake of energy, macronutrients, vitamins and minerals will be assessed to determine diet quality. All food records will be analyzed using the Nutritionist Pro (First DataBank) software. The potential benefits of the study include determining the effects of consistent snacking and particular snack foods on metabolism and weight management. There are no major risks to subjects in this study. There are minimal risks when performing venipuncture (blood draws) including bruising, perforation of the vein leading to hematoma under skin, light-headedness or dizziness due to fear of needles, and infection. This study will hopefully allow more understanding and insight into the diet of children and the effect of it on body makeup and blood sugar. It is hypothesized that the twice a day apple snack group will have decreased waist circumference, body adiposity, triglycerides and total cholesterol as well as, increased blood glucose uptake at the end of 8 weeks.
Interventions
OTHERdried apples
120 calories
OTHERmuffin
120 calories
Sponsors
San Diego State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
10 Years to 16 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* must be between age 10-16 * must be overweight or obese according to growth charts
Exclusion criteria
* regular consumers of apples (one per day) * supplement users other than multivitamin
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline Body Composition at 8 weeks | baseline, 8 weeks | Height, Weight, waist circumference, Body Mass Index are all used to asses body composition. Bod pod, BIA, and Dexa are also used to obtain the body composition. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline of triglycerides at 8 weeks | baseline, 8 weeks | — |
| Change from baseline blood glucose at 8 weeks | baseline, 8 weeks | Used to examine glucose regulation as effected by the apple group intervention. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed