Primary Systemic Amyloidosis
Conditions
Keywords
AL amyloidosis, amyloidosis, light chain amyloidosis
Brief summary
In this study the investigators want to find out more about the addition of the antibiotic, doxycycline, to standard anti-amyloid therapy in people with amyloidosis. The investigators want to find out whether doxycycline improves the response to standard anti-amyloid therapy and whether it causes any problems (side effects).
Detailed description
Organ response to anti-plasma cell therapy in AL amyloidosis tends to lags behind hematologic response as chemotherapy may not clear pre-formed organ amyloid. Doxycycline has been shown to have inhibitory effects on amyloid fibril formation as well as de-fibrillogenic effects and shown to be beneficial in in vitro, murine models and other preclinical studies. The investigators will prospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of doxycycline in AL amyloidosis patients when used in conjunction with anti-plasma cell chemotherapy.
Interventions
Doxycycline will be continued until one of the following criteria is met: * Patient has completed 1 year of doxycycline therapy * Patient develops any grade 3-4 toxicity related to doxycycline use.
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
1. Patients with biopsy proven AL amyloidosis. 2. Patients ≥ 18 years of age are eligible. 3. Patient must provide informed consent. 4. All patients must have measurable amyloid organ involvement of a vital organ (eg. heart, liver, kidneys). Localized amyloidosis will also be eligible as long as the amyloid involvement is radiologically measurable. 5. A negative pregnancy test will be required for all women of child bearing potential. Breast feeding is not permitted. 6. Patients who have previously been taking doxycycline will be eligible as long as there is no contraindication to stay on doxycycline 100 mg twice daily (BID) for 1 year in the opinion of the treating physician. 7. Creatinine clearance of \>25 ml/min.
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients with severe malabsorption syndrome precluding absorption of oral agents will be excluded. 2. Known intolerance or allergic reactions with doxycycline. 3. Previous chemotherapy for AL amyloidosis.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hematologic Response | 1 year | This measure will record the number of subjects for each grade of response to therapy for subjects with Systematic Disease (hematologic) only. Hematologic response will be determined as follows. Complete response (CR) - Negative serum/urine immunofixation with normal Free Light Chain (FLC) ratio Very Good Partial Response (VGPR)- Difference between involved and uninvolved FLCs (dFLC) \< 40 mg/L Partial Response (PR)- dFLC decrease \> 50% No Response (NR)- less then PR. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Amyloid Organ Response | 6 months and 1 year | This measure is the number of subjects (systemic disease only) for each grade of response. Efficacy will be measured in heart, liver, or kidney. Heart N-terminal (NT)-proBNP response \>30% and \> 300 ng/L decrease in patients with baseline NT-proBNP ≥650 ng/L (Patients with progressively worsening renal function cannot be scored for NT-proBNP progression). Improvement by 2 New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes without an increase in diuretic use or in echocardiographic wall thickness ≥ 2 mm reduction in the interventricular septal thickness by echocardiogram or improvement of ejection fraction by ≥20%. Liver ≥50% decrease in an initially elevated alkaline phosphatase level, or Decrease in liver size by at least 2 cm by ultrasound. Kidney 50% reduction in 24-hour urine protein excretion (at least 0.5 g/day) without worsening of creatinine or creatinine clearance by 25% over baseline. Soft Tissue RECIST criteria will be used. |
| Mortality | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year | The number of living subjects will be determined at Baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year |
| Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | Baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months | Subjects will complete the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health instrument, a 10-item standardized patient-reported outcome measure that provides global ratings of physical function, fatigue, pain, emotional distress to report on common domains of health-related quality of life. The survey comprises a series of 5-response Likert-style questions. For each question, a low score indicates lesser or absent symptom or condition and higher indicates more severe symptom or condition (e.g., 1= None to 5=Very severe). Automated scoring produces a T-score for each domain. This measure reports the physical health score. T-scores for this domain range from 16.2 to 67.7. Higher scores indicate poorer physical health. |
| Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | Baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months | Subjects will complete the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health instrument, a 10-item standardized patient-reported outcome measure that provides global ratings of physical function, fatigue, pain, emotional distress to report on common domains of health-related quality of life. The survey comprises a series of 5-response Likert-style questions. For each question, a low score indicates lesser or absent symptom or condition and higher indicates more severe symptom or condition (e.g., 1= None to 5=Very severe). Automated scoring produces a T-score for each domain. This measure reports the mental health score. T-scores for this domain range from 21.2 to 67.6. Higher scores indicate poorer mental health. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Subjects were stratified by the type of amyloidosis. Subjects with primarily organ-based disease were classified as Localized Disease), whereas subjects with hematologic disease were classified as Systematic Disease. Each population received the same intervention but assessment of the clinical outcomes used different classification categories.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Doxycycline (Localized Disease) Doxycycline will be administered at dose of 100mg orally twice daily for 1 year.
Doxycycline: Doxycycline will be continued until one of the following criteria is met:
* Patient has completed 1 year of doxycycline therapy
* Patient develops any grade 3-4 toxicity related to doxycycline use. | 7 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) Doxycycline will be administered at dose of 100mg orally twice daily for 1 year.
Doxycycline: Doxycycline will be continued until one of the following criteria is met:
* Patient has completed 1 year of doxycycline therapy
* Patient develops any grade 3-4 toxicity related to doxycycline use. | 25 |
| Total | 32 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Death | 0 | 5 |
| Overall Study | Physician Decision | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Doxycycline (Localized Disease) | Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 4 Participants | 9 Participants | 13 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 3 Participants | 16 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 61.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.6 | 65.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.4 | 62.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.5 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 7 Participants | 25 Participants | 32 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 4 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 7 Participants | 21 Participants | 28 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 7 participants | 25 participants | 32 participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 5 Participants | 9 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 2 Participants | 16 Participants | 18 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 5 | 5 / 25 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 5 / 5 | 24 / 25 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 1 / 5 | 13 / 25 |
Outcome results
Hematologic Response
This measure will record the number of subjects for each grade of response to therapy for subjects with Systematic Disease (hematologic) only. Hematologic response will be determined as follows. Complete response (CR) - Negative serum/urine immunofixation with normal Free Light Chain (FLC) ratio Very Good Partial Response (VGPR)- Difference between involved and uninvolved FLCs (dFLC) \< 40 mg/L Partial Response (PR)- dFLC decrease \> 50% No Response (NR)- less then PR.
Time frame: 1 year
Population: Hematologic response is not relevant to subjects with localized disease. Subjects with localized disease were not included in this analysis. Five participants had expired by the 1 year time point
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Hematologic Response | Complete Response (CR) | 6 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Hematologic Response | Partial Response (PR) | 3 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Hematologic Response | Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) | 11 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Hematologic Response | Expired at 1 year | 5 Participants |
Amyloid Organ Response
This measure is the number of subjects (systemic disease only) for each grade of response. Efficacy will be measured in heart, liver, or kidney. Heart N-terminal (NT)-proBNP response \>30% and \> 300 ng/L decrease in patients with baseline NT-proBNP ≥650 ng/L (Patients with progressively worsening renal function cannot be scored for NT-proBNP progression). Improvement by 2 New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes without an increase in diuretic use or in echocardiographic wall thickness ≥ 2 mm reduction in the interventricular septal thickness by echocardiogram or improvement of ejection fraction by ≥20%. Liver ≥50% decrease in an initially elevated alkaline phosphatase level, or Decrease in liver size by at least 2 cm by ultrasound. Kidney 50% reduction in 24-hour urine protein excretion (at least 0.5 g/day) without worsening of creatinine or creatinine clearance by 25% over baseline. Soft Tissue RECIST criteria will be used.
Time frame: 6 months and 1 year
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Amyloid Organ Response | Progressive Disease | 8 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Amyloid Organ Response | Stable Disease | 8 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Amyloid Organ Response | Response | 6 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Amyloid Organ Response | Expired | 3 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Amyloid Organ Response | Expired | 5 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Amyloid Organ Response | Progressive Disease | 3 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Amyloid Organ Response | Response | 9 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Amyloid Organ Response | Stable Disease | 8 Participants |
Mortality
The number of living subjects will be determined at Baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year
Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Mortality | Baseline | 6 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Mortality | 3 Months | 6 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Mortality | 6 Months | 6 Participants |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Mortality | 1 Year | 6 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Mortality | 1 Year | 20 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Mortality | Baseline | 25 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Mortality | 6 Months | 22 Participants |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Mortality | 3 Months | 23 Participants |
Patient-reported Health Quality of Life
Subjects will complete the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health instrument, a 10-item standardized patient-reported outcome measure that provides global ratings of physical function, fatigue, pain, emotional distress to report on common domains of health-related quality of life. The survey comprises a series of 5-response Likert-style questions. For each question, a low score indicates lesser or absent symptom or condition and higher indicates more severe symptom or condition (e.g., 1= None to 5=Very severe). Automated scoring produces a T-score for each domain. This measure reports the physical health score. T-scores for this domain range from 16.2 to 67.7. Higher scores indicate poorer physical health.
Time frame: Baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months
Population: One subject in the Localized cohort withdrew consent prior to the 6-month visit. Five subjects in the Systemic Disease cohort expired during the course of the study; two subjects came off study; and one was lost to follow-up.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | Baseline | 46.1 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.4 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 3 Months | 51.1 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.8 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 6 Months | 48.3 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.3 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 9 Months | 48.9 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 12 Months | 49.4 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.7 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 6 Months | 40.6 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | Baseline | 40.9 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.3 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 12 Months | 44.3 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 3 Months | 40.2 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Health Quality of Life | 9 Months | 41.7 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |
Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life
Subjects will complete the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health instrument, a 10-item standardized patient-reported outcome measure that provides global ratings of physical function, fatigue, pain, emotional distress to report on common domains of health-related quality of life. The survey comprises a series of 5-response Likert-style questions. For each question, a low score indicates lesser or absent symptom or condition and higher indicates more severe symptom or condition (e.g., 1= None to 5=Very severe). Automated scoring produces a T-score for each domain. This measure reports the mental health score. T-scores for this domain range from 21.2 to 67.6. Higher scores indicate poorer mental health.
Time frame: Baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months
Population: One subject in the Localized cohort withdrew consent prior to the 6-month visit. Five subjects in the Systemic Disease cohort expired during the course of the study; two subjects came off study; and one was lost to follow-up.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 3 Month | 51.4 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 9 Months | 52.6 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.9 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 6 Months | 51.2 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 9 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 12 Months | 50.7 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.2 |
| Doxycycline (Systemic Disease) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | Baseline | 52.1 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.4 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 12 Months | 50.6 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.6 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 3 Month | 46.0 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | Baseline | 47.9 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.6 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 6 Months | 46.4 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |
| Doxycycline (1 Year) | Patient-reported Mental Quality of Life | 9 Months | 46.7 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |