Dementia
Conditions
Keywords
Activities of daily living, Occupational Therapy, Dementia
Brief summary
To assess the effectiveness of the Stimulation of Activities of Daily Living (SADL) Occupational Therapy programme on the independence of ADL by persons with dementia who are institutionalized. This programme is based on the recovery of the cognitive functions.
Detailed description
This study is a longitudinal and prospective clinical trial approved by the bioethics Commission of the University of Extremadura. 58 senior citizens institutionalized with dementia in residential homes in Extremadura (Spain) received a treatment focusing on activities of daily living with the SADL programme and with conventional occupational therapy during 5 weeks. The studied variables were the cognitive level and the independence level performing ADL. The variables were measured by an occupational therapist independent to the study at baseline, after 5 weeks of experimental treatment and 6 weeks after the treatment was completed. The standardized tests used were Barthel Index, Lobo's Cognoscitive mini test, Lawton and Brody Scale and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS).
Interventions
OTHERStimulation of Activities Daily Living
Experimental group: SADL programme which is a new treatment approach created by the authors of this study for the training of ADL through cognitive intervention. The programme is based on the reestablishment of the cognitive functions implied in the performance of basic activities of daily living. The treatment was carried out twice a week (Tuesday and Thursday) for 45 minutes during 5 weeks.
OTHERConventional ADLOccupational Therapy
Control group treatment: conventional occupational therapy intervention for the management of ADL deficits. The compensation approach was used and environment modifications and simplification of activities were applied as the intervention method. The treatment was carried out twice a week (Tuesday and Thursday) for 45 minutes during 5 weeks.
Sponsors
University of Extremadura
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Institutionalization in residential homes at least 6 months before the commencement of the study. * Diagnosis of dementia for at least one year according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DMS IV) criteria. * Over 60 years old. * Barthel Index scores greater than or equal to 40%. * Lobo´s Cognitive Mini Test scores greater than or equal to 15 points. * To be included in the BADL intervention programme of Occupational therapy in the previous 6 months and to have the informed consent signed by the legal tutor.
Exclusion criteria
* To present psychological or behavior symptoms diagnosed by a doctor. * Barthel Index scores less than 40% * Not being included in the BADL intervention programme of Occupational therapy in the previous 6 months.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dependency level | after 5 weeks of treatment and after 6 weeks of follow up | In order to assess the basic activities of daily living (BADL), Barthel Index published in 1.965 by Mahoney y Barthel was applied. This scale provides information at a global level with the general scores (dependence level) and at a specific level with each item's score. A score of less than 20 means total dependence, 20-35 scores mean severe dependence, 40-55 scores mean moderate dependence, equal or over 60 means mild dependency and 100 means independence. This allows the assessment of any changes in each basic activity area evaluated with this scale |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive level. | After 5 weeks of treatment and after 6 weeks of follow up | To assess the cognitive level and guarantee the homogeneity of the sample, the adapted and validated Spanish version of the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) test by Lobo et al was used. The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) designed by Reisberg et al was also used to determine the deterioration level. |
Countries
Spain
Outcome results
None listed