Graft Versus Host Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Graft Versus Host Disease
Brief summary
This research study is a Phase II clinical trial, which tests the safety and effectiveness of an investigational drug Natalizumab in treating Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) in the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract.
Detailed description
Natalizumab is a drug that was initially discovered as a treatment for autoimmune conditions. Natalizumab has been approved for use in patients with Multiple Sclerosis and Crohn's disease. In these diseases, the drug works to inhibit dysfunctional immune cells that are responsible for the symptoms seen in these diseases. Acute graft versus host disease is caused by a similar dysfunction of immune cells; Natalizumab is thought to inhibit these immune cells, similarly to how it does in Multiple Sclerosis and Crohn's disease. In this research study,the investigators are looking to see whether Natalizumab provides additional benefit to patients receiving standard treatment for acute graft versus host disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Participants who fulfill eligibility criteria will be entered into the trial to receive Natalizumab. * Participant will receive a dose of the natalizumab through intravenous infusion. Participants may receive a second dose at Day 28 if they experience a partial response or very good partial response. * Scheduled Physical Examination at screening, during the week of first dose and at 28 days, 56 days, 100 days, 180 days and one year.
Interventions
DRUGNatalizumab
DRUGMethylprednisolone
Sponsors
Biogen
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Participants must meet the following criteria on screening examination to be eligible to participate in the study: * Participants must have acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) of the lower gastrointestinal tract as defined by the clinical impression of the treating physician, requiring systemic treatment. Minimum criteria for GI GVHD includes diarrhea of greater than 500 mL/day. Biopsy of the GI tract is required for study entry and must confirm the diagnosis of acute GVHD. Stool samples to rule out infectious causes of diarrhea, including norovirus, Clostridium difficile and other clinically indicated infections must also be negative. Eligibility includes: * Acute GVHD developing after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using bone marrow, peripheral blood stem cells, or umbilical cord blood. Recipients of non-myeloablative, reduced intensity and myeloablative transplants are eligible. * Patients who develop acute GVHD after donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) are eligible. * There is no specified time window after day 0 of transplant as acute GVHD is only defined by clinical manifestations. * Patients must have experienced neutrophil engraftment after HSCT as defined by absolute neutrophil counts ≥ 500 / µL × 3 consecutive measurements. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) should be calculated using the standard formula (Neut + Bands)(WBC × 101). * The presence of hepatic, upper GI and/or cutaneous acute GVHD is permitted. * Steroids can be started up to 7 days prior to the administration of natalizumab. * Age ≥ 18 * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
Exclusion criteria
* Participants who exhibit any of the following conditions at screening will not be eligible for admission into the study: * Patients with the entity of Acute/Chronic GVHD overlap syndromes. * Requiring mechanical ventilation * Vasopressor requirement * Concurrent hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) based on clinical examination * Karnofsky performance status \< 30 * Participants may not be receiving any other study agents for at least 7 days prior to enrollment * Prior use of natalizumab for any reason is not allowed * Pregnant women are excluded from this study because of the potential teratogenic effects of natalizumab. Because natalizumab enters breast milk, and the effect is unknown in infants, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with natalizumab.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| GVHD-free Survival Rate | Day 56 | Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) free survival is defined as achieving complete response without death or relapse or requiring secondary immunosuppressive therapy . Proportions are reported descriptively. GVHD-free survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | 28 Days, 56 Days | * Complete Response (CR) is defined as resolution of all signs and symptoms of acute GVHD. * Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) is defined by no rash or residual erythematous rash involving less than 25% of the body surface, and total serum bilirubin concentration less than 2 mg/dL or less than 25% of baseline at enrollment and tolerating food or enteral feeding, predominantly formed stools, no overt gastrointestinal bleeding or abdominal cramping, and no more than occasional nausea and vomiting. * Partial Response (PR) is defined as an improvement of one stage in one or more organs without progression in any other organ. * Non-response (NR) is defined as no reduction in any GVHD organ staging. * Progression is defined as either new organ involvement on day +8 or thereafter, or increased organ specific symptoms sufficient to increase the organ stage by one or more or the initiation of an additional GVHD agent. * Overall Response Rate (ORR) is the sum of CR, VGPR, and PR. |
| GI aGVHD Response Rate | Day 28, Day 56 | Gastrointestinal (GI) acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Response is defined by complete response, very good partial response, or partial response in signs and symptoms of GI aGVHD. |
| Overall Survival (OS) Rate | 2 years | Overall survival (OS) is defined from the date of natalizumab infusion to death or censored at last clinical evaluation. OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. |
| Rate of GVHD Flares | by Day 28 | Number of subjects who experienced graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) flares requiring therapy after initial complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) by day 28 after the first dose of Natalizumab. |
| Percentage Steroid Dose Was Reduced at Day 28, 56, and 100 in Comparison to Steroid Dose at First Administration of Natalizumab. | Day 28, 56, and 100 | Median percentage steroid dose was reduced at Day 28, Day 56, and Day 100 in comparison to steroid dose at first administration of Natalizumab. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
This study enrolled subjects with newly diagnosed acute gastrointestinal (GI) graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) from 2 academic medical centers in the United States. The last patient completed the study in February 2019.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Natalizumab Natalizumab-
* (Day 0 and 28) Fixed dose Intravenous infusion over one hour. 2 hours observation completion of the infusion
* At 4 weeks, if there has been less than a complete response participants can be treated with a second dose of natalizumab.
* If participants have no response after one dose, they will be not be given a second dose.
* Participants who receive a second dose of natalizumab will be evaluated for response at day 56 after first treatment dose administered.
* Participants will be assessed for response to therapy with natalizumab at day +28, day +56, day +100, day + 180, and day +365.
* Commercial supplies of Methylprednisolone (or equivalent steroid) will be utilized. The formulation, preparation and route of administration will be as per package insert | 21 |
| Total | 21 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Natalizumab | — |
|---|---|---|
| Acute GVHD Grading (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Overall Grade II | 9 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Grading (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Overall Grade III | 12 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Gastrointestinal Stage 1 | 4 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Gastrointestinal Stage 2 | 5 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Gastrointestinal Stage 3 | 4 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Gastrointestinal Stage 4 | 8 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Liver Stage 2 | 1 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) No liver involvement | 20 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) No skin involvement | 17 Participants | — |
| Acute GVHD Staging (Adapted from Glucksberg, H. et al. Transplantation 1974; 18:295) Skin Stage 2 | 4 Participants | — |
| Age, Continuous | 63 Years | — |
| Conditioning Regimen Myeloablative | 3 Participants | — |
| Conditioning Regimen Non-myeloablative | 18 Participants | — |
| Disease Status of Underlying Malignancy at time of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) First Complete Remission | 9 Participants | — |
| Disease Status of Underlying Malignancy at time of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Progressive Disease | 2 Participants | — |
| Disease Status of Underlying Malignancy at time of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Relapsed Disease | 2 Participants | — |
| Disease Status of Underlying Malignancy at time of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Second Complete Remission | 5 Participants | — |
| Disease Status of Underlying Malignancy at time of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Treatment Failure | 3 Participants | — |
| Donor source Bone marrow and Peripheral Blood Stem Cells | 1 Participants | — |
| Donor source Peripheral Blood Stem Cells | 20 Participants | — |
| Donor type Matched Related | 5 Participants | — |
| Donor type Matched Unrelated | 15 Participants | — |
| Donor type Mismatch Unrelated | 1 Participants | — |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status at HSCT 00 - Fully Active | 2 Participants | — |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status at HSCT 01 - Restricted | 9 Participants | — |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status at HSCT 02 - Self Care | 7 Participants | — |
| Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status at HSCT 03 - Capable of Limited Self Care | 3 Participants | — |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | — Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 21 Participants | — |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 6 Participants | — |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 15 Participants | — |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 12 / 21 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 19 / 21 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 8 / 21 |
Outcome results
Primary
GVHD-free Survival Rate
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) free survival is defined as achieving complete response without death or relapse or requiring secondary immunosuppressive therapy . Proportions are reported descriptively. GVHD-free survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: Day 56
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Natalizumab | GVHD-free Survival Rate | 33.3 percentage of patients |
Secondary
GI aGVHD Response Rate
Gastrointestinal (GI) acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Response is defined by complete response, very good partial response, or partial response in signs and symptoms of GI aGVHD.
Time frame: Day 28, Day 56
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natalizumab | GI aGVHD Response Rate | Overall response rate for GI GVHD at Day 28 | 57 percentage of patients |
| Natalizumab | GI aGVHD Response Rate | Overall response rate for GI GVHD at Day 56 | 52 percentage of patients |
Secondary
Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate
* Complete Response (CR) is defined as resolution of all signs and symptoms of acute GVHD. * Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) is defined by no rash or residual erythematous rash involving less than 25% of the body surface, and total serum bilirubin concentration less than 2 mg/dL or less than 25% of baseline at enrollment and tolerating food or enteral feeding, predominantly formed stools, no overt gastrointestinal bleeding or abdominal cramping, and no more than occasional nausea and vomiting. * Partial Response (PR) is defined as an improvement of one stage in one or more organs without progression in any other organ. * Non-response (NR) is defined as no reduction in any GVHD organ staging. * Progression is defined as either new organ involvement on day +8 or thereafter, or increased organ specific symptoms sufficient to increase the organ stage by one or more or the initiation of an additional GVHD agent. * Overall Response Rate (ORR) is the sum of CR, VGPR, and PR.
Time frame: 28 Days, 56 Days
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Overall Response at Day 28 | 12 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Complete Response at Day 28 | 7 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Very Good Partial Response at Day 28 | 2 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Partial Response at Day 28 | 3 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Non-response/Progression of GVHD at Day 28 | 7 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Overall Response at Day 56 | 11 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Complete Response at Day 56 | 7 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Very Good Partial Response at Day 56 | 2 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Partial Response at Day 56 | 2 Participants |
| Natalizumab | Graft-verus-host Disease (GVHD) Response Rate | Non-response/Progression of GVHD at Day 56 | 6 Participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS) Rate
Overall survival (OS) is defined from the date of natalizumab infusion to death or censored at last clinical evaluation. OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: 2 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Natalizumab | Overall Survival (OS) Rate | 43 percentage of patients |
Secondary
Percentage Steroid Dose Was Reduced at Day 28, 56, and 100 in Comparison to Steroid Dose at First Administration of Natalizumab.
Median percentage steroid dose was reduced at Day 28, Day 56, and Day 100 in comparison to steroid dose at first administration of Natalizumab.
Time frame: Day 28, 56, and 100
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natalizumab | Percentage Steroid Dose Was Reduced at Day 28, 56, and 100 in Comparison to Steroid Dose at First Administration of Natalizumab. | Median reduction in steroid dose at day 28 | 42 percentage of steroid dose |
| Natalizumab | Percentage Steroid Dose Was Reduced at Day 28, 56, and 100 in Comparison to Steroid Dose at First Administration of Natalizumab. | Median reduction in steroid dose at day 56 | 71 percentage of steroid dose |
| Natalizumab | Percentage Steroid Dose Was Reduced at Day 28, 56, and 100 in Comparison to Steroid Dose at First Administration of Natalizumab. | Median reduction in steroid dose at day 100 | 85 percentage of steroid dose |
Secondary
Rate of GVHD Flares
Number of subjects who experienced graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) flares requiring therapy after initial complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) by day 28 after the first dose of Natalizumab.
Time frame: by Day 28
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Natalizumab | Rate of GVHD Flares | 0 Participants |