Appetite, Brain Activity, Cholesterol, Glucose Control, Ingestive Behavior
Conditions
Brief summary
The objectives of the research are to assess the effects of increased protein and fiber intake at breakfast on neural activation in brain regions associated with appetitive drive and reward-driven eating, measures of subjective appetite, and ingestive behavior in overweight adults. Additional outcomes of interest include the effects of the breakfast intervention on blood sugar and cholesterol profiles.
Detailed description
The objectives of the research are to assess the effects of increased protein and fiber intake at breakfast on neural activation in brain regions associated with appetitive drive and reward-driven eating, measures of subjective appetite, and ingestive behavior in overweight adults. Additional outcomes of interest include the effects of the breakfast intervention on 24-hour glucose profile as well as fasting and postprandial glycemic and lipemic regulation. The investigators will test the effects of consuming breakfasts with normal protein/normal fiber (NPNF), normal protein/high fiber (NPHF), high protein/normal fiber (HPNF), and high protein/high fiber (HPHF) for two weeks in a randomized cross-over study.
Interventions
OTHERDietary control of protein and fiber intake at breakfast
Participants will be provided breakfast meals for 4, 2 week long interventions. The intervention arms are 1) average protein and fiber, 2) average protein and high fiber, 3) high protein and average fiber, and 4) high protein and fiber.
Sponsors
American Egg Board
Purdue University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* male or female * age 21 - 45 years * BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2
Exclusion criteria
* Irregular menstrual cycles * current smoker * medications or supplements that affect appetite * pregnant or lactating * not weight stable * acutely ill * diabetic * claustrophobic * any implantation unsafe in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Brain activation measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging and its association with measures subjective of appetite, self-selected daily energy intake, and energy intake at an ad libitum lunch. | 16 weeks | Aim 1: Assess the effects of a higher than normal protein and fiber intake at breakfast on neural activation of brain regions associated with appetitive drive and reward-driven eating, measures subjective of appetite, self-selected daily energy intake, and energy intake at an ad libitum lunch. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 24-hour blood glucose profile | 16 Weeks | Aim 2: Assess the effects of higher than normal protein and fiber intake at breakfast on 24-hour glucose profile using a continuous glucose monitoring system. |
| Fasting and postprandial blood glucose, insulin, and lipid concentrations | 16 Weeks | Aim 3: Assess the effects of higher than normal protein and fiber intake at breakfast on fasting and postprandial glycemic and lipemic regulation. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed