Overfeeding
Conditions
Keywords
Overfeeding, Fat distribution, Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, Insulin sensitivity, Insulin resistance, Peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity, Stable isotopes, Lipid oxidation, Energy expenditure, Muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression
Brief summary
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease representing a major public health challenge. Indeed, overweight and obese people carry a major risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been demonstrated that polyphenols could be used to counteract some of the mechanisms involved in the generation of insulin resistance. The model of overfeeding represents a very good study model of the metabolic complications of obesity, since it has been shown to induce a transient state of insulin resistance in the human. The purpose of this research is to study the effects of a overfeeding (+50% of daily caloric needs over 31 days) with or without polyphenols supplementation (2g/days over 31 days) on insulin sensitivity measured in the setting of a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp and on post prandial partitioning of exogenous lipids after a test meal. During 31 days, the volunteers will consume chocolate bars, chips, chocolate breads and cola in addition to their usual diet and will be supplemented with 2g of grape polyphenols extract or with placebo.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT2g of grape polyphenol extract
Men will have to consume daily 2g of grape polyphenol extract during the 31 days of overfeeding.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTDietary Supplement: 2g of placebo (lactose)
Men will have to consume daily 2g of placebo during the 31 days of overfeeding.
Sponsors
Hospices Civils de Lyon
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Male * Aged from 18 to 55 years * Body Mass Index of 23 to 27 kg/m² * Normal blood pressure * Fasting glycemia \< 7 mmol/L * CRPus \< 10mg/L * Triglycerides ≤ 3mmol/L
Exclusion criteria
* Medical or surgical history which may affect the results (renal -cardiovascular - hepatic- endocrine-inflammatory diseases) * Subjects under treatment which may interfere with the measured parameters * Eating disorder * Intensive sportive activity * Dairy products allergy or intolerance
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peripheral insulin sensitivity | During 31 days | Volunteers will have peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity determined by using a two-stage hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with stable isotopically labeled tracer infusion. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in genes expression in adipose and muscle tissues | Before and after the 31 days of overfeeding | RT-PCR |
| Anthropometry, Fat quantification and Abdominal fat distribution | During 31 days | Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, fat mass using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and abdominal fat distribution using resonance magnetic imaging (RMI). |
| Hepatic insulin sensitivity | before and after the 31 days of overfeeding | Endogenous glucose production (EGP) will be determined during the last 30 minutes of the low-dose insulin infusion. |
| Modification in intestinal microbiota | Before and after the 31 days of overfeeding | Feces analyses |
| Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation with indirect calorimetry | Fasting and during all the postprandial period (0-300 minutes) | Energy metabolism will be measured before and after the 31 days of overfeeding. |
| Fasting and Postprandial partitioning of exogenous lipid | Fasting and during all the postprandial period (0-300 minutes) | 13C enrichment will be measured in blood samples and breath test during a test meal performed before and after the 31 days of overfeeding. |
Countries
France
Outcome results
None listed