Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Azficel-T for Vocal Fold Scarring and Age-Related Dysphonia

A Phase II, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Azficel-T for the Treatment of Vocal Fold Scarring and Age-Related Dysphonia

Status

Completed

Phases

Phase 2

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT02120781

Enrollment

Registered

2014-04-23

Start date

2014-03-31

Completion date

2016-12-21

Last updated

2021-06-03

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Age-related Dysphonia, Dysphonia Resulting From Vocal Fold Scarring

Brief summary

The objectives of this study are to assess the safety of azficel-T treatment for dysphonia related to vocal fold function and to evaluate the efficacy of azficel-T for the treatment of dysphonia related to vocal fold function.

Detailed description

Twenty subjects with dysphonia caused by vocal fold scarring or age-related dysphonia will be randomized for treatment with autologous cultured fibroblasts (azficel-T, n=14) or placebo (saline, n=6). Subjects will receive treatment to the vocal fold(s) in the lamina propria compartment. Subjects with both unilateral and bilateral vocal fold scarring will be treated in this study. Only one vocal fold will be treated at each treatment session alternating to the opposite vocal fold (if applicable) at the next treatment. Subjects are to receive a total of three treatments with study drug (azficel-T or placebo) if one vocal fold is to be treated and up to a total of six treatments with study drug (azficel-T or placebo) if two vocal folds are to be treated at approximately 2-week intervals. Follow-up examinations will be performed at 1, 4, 8, and 12 months after the final treatment. If there are any evident safety issues, follow-up treatments will be delayed or withheld. In the Blinded Phase of the study, subjects will be followed for safety and efficacy for 4 months after the final treatment. After all subjects have completed the 4-month follow-up visit, the study will be unblinded and subjects will continue to be followed for safety for 12 months after the final treatment. Efficacy assessments will be made through the 12-month follow-up visit in order to document any duration of effect. All AEs that have an onset date from biopsy through the 4-month follow-up visit will be recorded.

Interventions

BIOLOGICALAzficel-T (autologous fibroblasts)

Autologous fibroblasts will be cultured from three 3-mm post auricular punch biopsies. Biopsies will be shipped from the clinical sites to the Fibrocell manufacturing site where the cells will be harvested, tested for sterility, endotoxin level, cell identity, viability and concentration. When the desired cell number is reached, cells will be transported to the investigative site as a suspension in shipping media. Depending upon the clinical circumstances for each subject, the vocal fold(s) will be injected transorally or percutaneously in order to deposit 1.0 mL of study drug into the lamina propria layer of each vocal fold. The injection process will be visualized via a flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope inserted through the nostril.

DRUGPlacebo

Subjects randomized to placebo will receive injections of sterile saline into the vocal fold(s).

Study design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Intervention model

PARALLEL

Primary purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

TRIPLE (Subject, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

18 Years to No maximum

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. Subject has read and signed the Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved informed consent form (ICF) before treatment 2. Subject is at least 18 years of age 3. Subject has presence of unilateral or bilateral vocal fold scarring or age-related dysphonia, as diagnosed by medical history and physical examination 4. Subject must have Grade 1-2 mucosal waves as determined by videostroboscopy 5. Subject has failed any one or more of the following treatments including, but not limited to, anti-reflux regimen, speech therapy, or vocal fold injection augmentation prior to screening 6. Subject feels that their voice quality is a major handicap 7. Subject must have a blood sample tested and found to be non-reactive for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody 8. If the subject is female and of childbearing potential, she must agree to use a medically acceptable means of birth control, and test negative on a urine pregnancy test 9. Subject must be willing and able to follow study procedures and instructions

Exclusion criteria

1. Subject is pregnant or lactating 2. Subject is a smoker 3. Subject has an upper respiratory infection at baseline (subject can be rescheduled after four weeks) 4. Subject is already participating, or has participated in another clinical trial involving therapeutic intervention within 30 days prior to enrollment 5. Subject plans to begin or continue other vocal fold therapies during the course of this study 6. Subject has other concurrent laryngeal pathology including lesions that would require removal

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Number of Participants With Any Improvement From Baseline in Mucosal Wave Grade	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Any improvement from baseline in mucosal wave grade using videostrobscopy to assess the pliability of vocal folds which is visualized as mucosal waves on the vocal fold surface while a participant is phonating a sustained vowel sound.
Number of Participants With an Absolute Change in Voice Handicap Index Score (Decrease of 18 or More Points) From Baseline	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Absolute change (decrease by 18 or more points) from baseline in the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) score 4 months after the final treatment. The VHI is a 30-item test with 10 items in 3 subscales: emotional, physical, and functional. Each item is scored on a 5-point scale: 0 indicating the subject never felt this about the voice problem and 4 indicating the subject always felt this to be the case. An 8-point difference on any subscale (sub-scale range 0-40, higher values represent worse outcomes) has been found to be significant, as was an 18-point difference in the total VHI score (Total scale range 0-120, higher values represent worse outcomes).
Mean Percentage Change From Baseline in Voice Handicap Index Score	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Mean percentage change from baseline in the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) score 4 months after the final treatment. The VHI is a 30-item test with 10 items in 3 subscales: emotional, physical, and functional. Each item is scored on a 5-point scale: 0 indicating the subject never felt this about the voice problem and 4 indicating the subject always felt this to be the case. An 8-point difference on any subscale (sub-scale range 0-40, higher values represent worse outcomes) has been found to be significant, as was an 18-point difference in the total VHI score (Total scale range 0-120, higher values represent worse outcomes).
Number of Participants With at Least One Level of Improvement in Perceptual Analysis of Dysphonia Using GRBAS Scale.	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Perceptual analysis of dysphonia using the Grade of Dysphonia, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scale is assessed by a blinded voice clinician 4 months after the final treatment. The voice clinician considers pre- and post-treatment voice recordings, and categorizes the individual parameters on the GRBAS scale (absent, mild, moderate, and severe). Scores of mild, moderate, or severe represent increasingly worse outcomes than a score of absent.
Number of Participants With at Least One Level of Improvement in Perceptual Analysis of Roughness Using GRBAS Scale.	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Perceptual analysis of roughness using the Grade of Dysphonia, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scale is assessed by a blinded voice clinician 4 months after the final treatment. The voice clinician considers pre- and post-treatment voice recordings, and categorizes the individual parameters on the GRBAS scale (absent, mild, moderate, and severe). Scores of mild, moderate, or severe represent increasingly worse outcomes than a score of absent.
Number of Participants With at Least One Level of Improvement in Perceptual Analysis of Breathiness Using GRBAS Scale.	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Perceptual analysis of breathiness using the Grade of Dysphonia, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scale is assessed by a blinded voice clinician 4 months after the final treatment. The voice clinician considers pre- and post-treatment voice recordings, and categorizes the individual parameters on the GRBAS scale (absent, mild, moderate, and severe). Scores of mild, moderate, or severe represent increasingly worse outcomes than a score of absent.
Number of Participants With at Least One Level of Improvement in Perceptual Analysis of Asthenia Using GRBAS Scale.	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Perceptual analysis of asthenia using the Grade of Dysphonia, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scale is assessed by a blinded voice clinician 4 months after the final treatment. The voice clinician considers pre- and post-treatment voice recordings, and categorizes the individual parameters on the GRBAS scale (absent, mild, moderate, and severe). Scores of mild, moderate, or severe represent increasingly worse outcomes than a score of absent.
Number of Participants With at Least One Level of Improvement in Perceptual Analysis of Strain Using GRBAS Scale.	Four months after final treatment, or up to a total of 25 weeks from baseline with unilateral treatment and 27 weeks from baseline for bilateral treatment	Perceptual analysis of strain using the Grade of Dysphonia, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scale is assessed by a blinded voice clinician 4 months after the final treatment. The voice clinician considers pre- and post-treatment voice recordings, and categorizes the individual parameters on the GRBAS scale (absent, mild, moderate, and severe). Scores of mild, moderate, or severe represent increasingly worse outcomes than a score of absent.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

Arm	Count
Azficel-T (Autologous Fibroblasts) Azficel-T will be injected into the vocal fold(s) three times at two week intervals. Azficel-T (autologous fibroblasts): Autologous fibroblasts will be cultured from three 3-mm post auricular punch biopsies. Biopsies will be shipped from the clinical sites to the Fibrocell manufacturing site where the cells will be harvested, tested for sterility, endotoxin level, cell identity, viability and concentration. When the desired cell number is reached, cells will be transported to the investigative site as a suspension in shipping media. Depending upon the clinical circumstances for each subject, the vocal fold(s) will be injected transorally or percutaneously in order to deposit 1.0 mL of study drug into the lamina propria layer of each vocal fold. The injection process will be visualized via a flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope inserted through the nostril.	15
Control Sterile saline will be injected into the vocal fold(s) three times at two week intervals. Placebo: Subjects randomized to placebo will receive injections of sterile saline into the vocal fold(s).	6
Total	21

Withdrawals & dropouts

Period	Reason	FG000	FG001
Overall Study	Completion not documented	2	1
Overall Study	Physician Decision	2	0

Baseline characteristics

Characteristic	Azficel-T (Autologous Fibroblasts)	Total	Control
Age, Continuous	61.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.95	63.7 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.46	68.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.37
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	1 Participants	2 Participants	1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	13 Participants	18 Participants	5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants	1 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	1 Participants	1 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	2 Participants	2 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants	1 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	11 Participants	17 Participants	6 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	15 participants	21 participants	6 participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	5 Participants	6 Participants	1 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	10 Participants	15 Participants	5 Participants

Adverse events

Event type	EG000 affected / at risk	EG001 affected / at risk
deaths Total, all-cause mortality	0 / 15	0 / 6
other Total, other adverse events	13 / 15	4 / 6
serious Total, serious adverse events	3 / 15	0 / 6

Outcome results

Primary

Mean Percentage Change From Baseline in Voice Handicap Index Score

Mean percentage change from baseline in the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) score 4 months after the final treatment. The VHI is a 30-item test with 10 items in 3 subscales: emotional, physical, and functional. Each item is scored on a 5-point scale: 0 indicating the subject never felt this about the voice problem and 4 indicating the subject always felt this to be the case. An 8-point difference on any subscale (sub-scale range 0-40, higher values represent worse outcomes) has been found to be significant, as was an 18-point difference in the total VHI score (Total scale range 0-120, higher values represent worse outcomes).