Ixazomib Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Phase I/II Trial of MLN9708 Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Relapsed or Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Status

Completed

Phases

Phase 1Phase 2

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT02119468

Enrollment

Registered

2014-04-21

Start date

2014-06-30

Completion date

2022-12-01

Last updated

2024-03-15

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Recurrent Plasma Cell Myeloma, Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma

Brief summary

This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of ixazomib and to see how well it works when given together with pomalidomide and dexamethasone in treating patients with relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Ixazomib may stop the growth of cancer by interfering with proteasomes (the protein breakdown mechanism in the cells). Pomalidomide and dexamethasone can modify and regulate the immune system and may stop cancer cells from growing. Giving ixazomib with pomalidomide and dexamethasone may be an effective treatment for relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Detailed description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of MLN9708 (ixazomib), when given in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, in patients with relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. (Phase I) II. To estimate the response rate and to evaluate the antitumor activity of the three drug combination: MLN9708 (at the RP2D), pomalidomide and dexamethasone, in patients with relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. (Phase II) SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To evaluate the safety of MLN9708 at each dose level when given as part of a three drug combination by assessing the following: type, frequency, severity, attribution, time course and duration of adverse events; and clinical laboratory tests at various points in the study. (Phase I) II. To characterize and evaluate toxicities, including type, frequency, severity, attribution, time course and duration, at the RP2D, for the three drug combination. (Phase II) III. To obtain estimates of response duration, depth of response, clinical benefit response, and survival (overall and progression-free), at the RP2D, for the three drug combination. (Phase II) OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of ixazomib followed by a phase II study. Patients receive ixazomib orally (PO) on days 1, 8, and 15; dexamethasone PO on days 1, 8, 15, and 22; and pomalidomide PO on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 2 years.

Interventions

DRUGixazomib citrate

Given orally

DRUGdexamethasone

Given orally

DRUGpomalidomide

Given orally

Study design

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention model

PARALLEL

Primary purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

18 Years to No maximum

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

* Voluntary written informed consent must be given before performance of any study related procedure not part of standard medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the patient at any time without prejudice to future medical care * Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL within 10-14 days prior to and again within 24 hours of starting pomalidomide or MLN9708 and must either commit to continued abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or begin TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME, at least 28 days before she starts taking pomalidomide or MLN9708 through 90 days after the last dose of study drug; FCBP must also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing; men must agree to use a latex condom during sexual contact with a FCBP even if they have had a vasectomy from the time of signing the informed consent form through 90 days after the last dose of study drug; all patients must be counseled at a minimum of every 28 days about pregnancy precautions and risks of fetal exposure * All patients enrolled into this trial, must be registered in and must comply with all requirements of the POMALYST (pomalidomide) Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program * Patients must have a diagnosis of relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma with a minimum of one prior regimen and a maximum of 5 prior regimens * Patients must have had therapy with a proteasome inhibitor and lenalidomide and be refractory to lenalidomide according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria definition of refractory disease (progressive disease on or within 60 days of stopping lenalidomide) * Patients must have measurable disease defined as one of the following: * Serum M protein \>= 0.5 g/dL * Urine M protein \>= 200 mg/24 hours * Serum free light chain \>= 10 mg/dL provided the free light chain (FLC) ratio is abnormal * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2 * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1,000/mm\^3 * Platelet count \>= 75,000/uL for patients in whom \< 50% of bone marrow nucleated cells are plasma cells; or a platelet count \>= 50,000/uL for patients in whom \>= 50% of bone marrow nucleated cells are plasma cells; platelet transfusions are not allowed within 3 days of last platelet assessment to confirm eligibility * Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 × the institutional upper limit of the normal range (IULN) * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =\< 3 × IULN * Calculated creatinine clearance \>= 45 mL/min

Exclusion criteria

* Female patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding or have a positive serum pregnancy test during the screening period * Failure to have fully recovered (ie, =\< grade 1 toxicity) from the reversible effects of prior chemotherapy * Prior therapy with a combination regimen containing pomalidomide except the 2 drug combination of pomalidomide and dexamethasone * Major surgery within 14 days before enrollment * Radiotherapy within 14 days before enrollment; if the involved field is small, 7 days will be considered a sufficient interval between treatment and administration of the MLN9708 * Central nervous system involvement * Infection requiring systemic antibiotic therapy or other serious infection within 14 days before study enrollment * Evidence of current uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions, including uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina, or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months * Systemic treatment, within 14 days before the first dose of MLN9708, with strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 (CYP1A2) (fluvoxamine, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin), strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A (CYP3A) (clarithromycin, telithromycin, itraconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, posaconazole) or strong CYP3A inducers (rifampin, rifapentine, rifabutin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital), or use of Ginkgo biloba or St. John's wort * Unable or unwilling to undergo antithrombotic prophylaxis * Ongoing or active systemic infection, active hepatitis B or C virus infection, or known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive * Any serious medical or psychiatric illness that could, in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with the completion of treatment according to this protocol * Known allergy to any of the study medications, their analogues, or excipients in the various formulations of any agent * Known gastrointestinal (GI) disease or GI procedure that could interfere with the oral absorption or tolerance of MLN9708 or pomalidomide including difficulty swallowing * Diagnosed or treated for another malignancy within 2 years before study enrollment or previously diagnosed with another malignancy with evidence of residual disease; patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of any type are not excluded if they have undergone complete resection * Patient has \> grade 2 peripheral neuropathy on clinical examination during the screening period * Participation in other clinical trials, including those with other investigational agents not included in this trial, within 21 days of the start of this trial and throughout the duration of this trial (for all other standard therapies, no treatment within 14 days of the start of this trial) * Patients who are pomalidomide refractory, defined as patients who progress on or within 60 days of pomalidomide when given as a single agent or with dexamethasone

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of MLN9708 (Phase I)	From the initial treatment to Day 28 (Cycle #1)	The highest dose level that produces 1/6 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in Cycle #1 will be the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The RP2D of ixazomib and pomalidomide will generally be the MTD, but it may be less than the MTD based on a review of available data/cumulative toxicities from phase I.
Number of Patients With Dose-Limiting Toxicities (Phase I)	From the initial treatment to Day 28 (Cycle #1)	Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) is defined as any of the toxicities in Section 7.3 that are at least possibly related to either Pomalidomide or MLN9708 that occur during cycle 1. Toxicity graded according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03. The highest dose level that produces 1/6 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in course 1 will be the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The RP2D of ixazomib and pomalidomide will generally be the MTD, but it may be less than the MTD based on a review of available data/cumulative toxicities from phase I.
Overall Response Rate at the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D)	From the initial treatment to 24 months	Over response rate is calculated as the percent of evaluable patients that have confirmed stringent complete remission (sCR), complete remission (CR), very good partial remission (VGPR) or partial remission \[PR\]) per modified IMWG criteria. sCR as defined below plus normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow. CR defined as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and \< 5% plasma cells in bone marrow. VGPR defined as serum and urine M-protein detectable or \> 90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level \< 100 mg/24 h. PR defined as \> 50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24 hours urinary M-protein by \>90% or to \< 200 mg/24 h. The exact 95% confidence intervals are calculated for the estimate.

Secondary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Duration of Response at the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D)	Time interval from the date of first documented response (sCR/CR/VGPR or PR) to documented disease relapse, progression or death whichever occurs first, up to 24 months	Time from the date of first documented response (sCR/CR/VGPR or PR) to documented disease relapse, progression or death whichever occurs first. sCR as defined below plus normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow. CR defined as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and \< 5% plasma cells in bone marrow. VGPR defined as serum and urine M-protein detectable or \> 90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level \< 100 mg/24 h. PR defined as \> 50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24 hours urinary M-protein by \>90% or to \< 200 mg/24 h.
One-Year Progression-Free Survival at the Recommend Phase II Dose (RP2D)	Date of first dose of study drug to first documented disease relapse, progression or death from any cause, whichever occurs first, up to 24 months. And the median follow-up for the surviving patients is at least one year.	Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as time from initial treatment to recurrence, progression or death. In a clinical trial, measuring the progression-free survival is one way to see how well a new treatment works. Progression-free survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; the 95% confidence interval was calculated using Greenwood's formula \[Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical methods in cancer research: volume II, the design and analysis of cohort studies. IARC Sci Publ 1987;82:1-406.\]
Clinical Benefit Response Rate at the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D)	From the initial treatment up to 24 months	Clinical benefit response rate is calculated as the percent of evaluable patients that have confirmed stringent complete remission (sCR), complete remission (CR), very good partial remission (VGPR), partial remission (PR), minimal response (MR) or stable disease (SD) per modified IMWG criteria. The exact 95% confidence intervals are calculated for the estimate.
One-Year Overall Survival at the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D)	Date of first dose of study drug to date of death from any cause, up to 24 months. And the median follow-up for the surviving patients is at least one year.	Overall survival (OS) was measured from initial treatment to death from any cause. It was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; the 95% confidence interval was calculated using Greenwood's formula.

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

Arm	Count
Dose Level #1 (3mg MLN9708) Patients receive ixazomib citrate (MLN9708) orally on days 1, 8, and 15; dexamethasone orally on days 1, 8, 15, and 22; and pomalidomide orally on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ixazomib citrate: Given orally dexamethasone: Given orally pomalidomide: Given orally	7
Dose Level #2 (4mg MLN9708) Patients receive ixazomib citrate (MLN9708) orally on days 1, 8, and 15; dexamethasone orally on days 1, 8, 15, and 22; and pomalidomide orally on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. ixazomib citrate: Given orally dexamethasone: Given orally pomalidomide: Given orally	25
Total	32

Baseline characteristics

Characteristic	Dose Level #1 (3mg MLN9708)	Total	Dose Level #2 (4mg MLN9708)
Age, Continuous	53 years	62 years	63 years
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	1 Participants	2 Participants	1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	6 Participants	29 Participants	23 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants	1 Participants	1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants	2 Participants	2 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	0 Participants	3 Participants	3 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants	0 Participants	0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	7 Participants	27 Participants	20 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	7 Participants	32 Participants	25 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	2 Participants	12 Participants	10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	5 Participants	20 Participants	15 Participants

Adverse events

Event type	EG000 affected / at risk	EG001 affected / at risk
deaths Total, all-cause mortality	4 / 7	6 / 25
other Total, other adverse events	7 / 7	25 / 25
serious Total, serious adverse events	4 / 7	11 / 25

Outcome results

Primary

Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of MLN9708 (Phase I)

The highest dose level that produces 1/6 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in Cycle #1 will be the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The RP2D of ixazomib and pomalidomide will generally be the MTD, but it may be less than the MTD based on a review of available data/cumulative toxicities from phase I.

Time frame: From the initial treatment to Day 28 (Cycle #1)

Population: 6 patients treated at dose level #2 in Phase I are evaluable for dose limiting toxicity.

Arm	Measure	Value (NUMBER)
Dose Level #1: 3mg MLN9708	Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of MLN9708 (Phase I)	4 mg

Primary

Number of Patients With Dose-Limiting Toxicities (Phase I)

Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) is defined as any of the toxicities in Section 7.3 that are at least possibly related to either Pomalidomide or MLN9708 that occur during cycle 1. Toxicity graded according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03. The highest dose level that produces 1/6 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in course 1 will be the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The RP2D of ixazomib and pomalidomide will generally be the MTD, but it may be less than the MTD based on a review of available data/cumulative toxicities from phase I.

Time frame: From the initial treatment to Day 28 (Cycle #1)

Population: Patients were considered evaluable for DLT if receiving at least 75% of both Pomalidomide and MLN9708 and followed for the full 28 days during cycle 1 or experience a DLT. All patients who are not evaluable for DLT were replaced.

Arm	Measure	Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Dose Level #1: 3mg MLN9708	Number of Patients With Dose-Limiting Toxicities (Phase I)	1 Participants
Dose Level #2: 4mg MLN9708	Number of Patients With Dose-Limiting Toxicities (Phase I)	1 Participants

Primary

Overall Response Rate at the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D)

Over response rate is calculated as the percent of evaluable patients that have confirmed stringent complete remission (sCR), complete remission (CR), very good partial remission (VGPR) or partial remission \[PR\]) per modified IMWG criteria. sCR as defined below plus normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow. CR defined as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and \< 5% plasma cells in bone marrow. VGPR defined as serum and urine M-protein detectable or \> 90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level \< 100 mg/24 h. PR defined as \> 50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24 hours urinary M-protein by \>90% or to \< 200 mg/24 h. The exact 95% confidence intervals are calculated for the estimate.

Time frame: From the initial treatment to 24 months