Vision, Ocular
Conditions
Brief summary
Pinhole glasses which is using pinhole effect may induce a functional change on the eyes, including Distance and near visual acuity(DVA, NVA), Pupil size, DOF, Accomodative amplitude, CS, Visual field(VF), Stereopsis.
Interventions
DEVICEPhinhole glasses
Wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.)
Sponsors
Chung-Ang University Hosptial, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age : between 20 and 50 years old * Visual acuity : correctable distant and near visual acuity by glasses up to 20/20 * Others : Normal intraocular pressure, optic discs with a healthy appearance, and normal ocular alignment.
Exclusion criteria
* History of systemic or topical medication that might affect accommodation * Others : Corneal pathologic features, previous ocular surgery, glaucomatous optic discs, glaucoma, cataracts of grade II or greater, vitreous opacity, or retinal abnormalities that might limit the accuracy of test.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Distance and near visual acuity(DVA, NVA) | Change from baseline at 1 week | Check distance(4m) and near(40cm) visual acuity using Snellen chart, Visual Acuity chart 2000, respectively. At 1 week, cheked with wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Depth of focus | Change from baseline at 1 week | Check with 4m Snellen chart. At 1 week, cheked with wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.) |
| Accomodation | Change from baseline at 1 week | check by Donder's push-up method. The subject was instructed to view the target letter (20/20 reduced Snellen number), which initially was positioned at approximately 40 cm. The target then was moved progressively closer to the patient's eye at approximately 5 cm per second until the subject noticed the target starting to blur. At 1 week, cheked with wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.) |
| Pupil size | Change from baseline at 1 week | Check the pupil size using WASCA Analyzer(Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) |
| Contrast sensitivity | Change from baseline at 1 week | CSV-1000E Contrast Testing Instrument (VectorVision, Dayton, OH, USA) at 2.5m distance under the standard brightness (85 cd/m2) At 1 week, cheked with wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.) |
| Stereopsis | Change from baseline at 1 week | Randot Stereotest (Stereo Optical Co, Chicago, Illinois, USA) At 1 week, cheked with wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.) |
| Visual field | Change from baseline at 1 week | Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA) using a 30-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm At 1 week, cheked with wearing the pinhole glasses (Trayner Pinhole Glasses, Trayner Glasses, U.K.) |
Countries
South Korea
Outcome results
None listed