Radiation Injuries, Rectal Bleeding, Telangiectasis
Conditions
Keywords
chronic radiation proctitis, argon plasma coagulation, rectal bleeding
Brief summary
There is a wide variability of options for treatment of chronic radiation proctitis. However, studies are still limited, usually case reports from a single center and few are comparative studies between methods. Therefore, the choice of treatment is determined by availability and local expertise for each method. The variability of treatment options range from anti-inflammatory medical treatment, sucralfate, short chain fatty acids, antioxidants and hyperbaric oxygen to such endoscopic and surgical treatments. Surgery is usually the last therapeutic option due to the high morbidity and mortalityassociated. Various endoscopic treatment modalities have been reported. Formalin topic is effective in up to 48% of patients with chronic radiation proctitis. The endoscopic treatment with argon plasma (APC) is low cost, easy to apply and transportation, safe and effective in the treatment of rectal bleeding in patients with chronic radiation proctitis. Currently, the APC is the preferred endoscopic modality. Most studies on the use of APC in radiation proctitis showed benefit. The APC controls the mild to moderate rectal bleeding in 80% to 90% of cases and improves symptoms of urgency, diarrhea and tenesmus in 60% to 75% of cases.
Detailed description
APC is usually applied with a power of 40-60W and 1.2-2.5 L/min of gas flow by using a electrosugical generator coupled with an argon delivery unit. However, high gas flow have been associated to high rates of complication such as rectal stenosis and deep rectal ulcer. In this context, the present study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety between two different paramenters of argon plasma coagulation (40-50W and 2.0 L/min of gas flow vs 40W and 1.2 L/min of gas flow) in the treatment of patients with symptomatic chronic radiation proctitis.
Interventions
PROCEDUREArgon Plasma Coagulation
APC was performed during sigmoidoscopy exam. Bowel preparation begins on the eve of the exam associated with waste liquid diet without oral intake of 10mg of bisacodyl (5mg/dragee) at 14 o'clock and 18pm and 130ml of phosfoenema (16g of sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate and 6g of sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate per 100ml) diluted in 100ml of orange juice or lemon to 19h. On the day of the exam is administered 130ml of phosfoenema rectally immediately before the exam. All patients were previously sedated with fentanyl (0.05mg/ml), midazolam (5mg/5ml) and propofol (10mg/ml) and have intravenous introduction of the flexible colonoscope to the transverse colon to the exchange of gases following the routine of the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital Barretos.
PROCEDUREHistorical control
APC was performed during sigmoidoscopy exam. Bowel preparation begins on the eve of the exam associated with waste liquid diet without oral intake of 10mg of bisacodyl (5mg/dragee) at 14 o'clock and 18pm and 130ml of phosfoenema (16g of sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate and 6g of sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate per 100ml) diluted in 100ml of orange juice or lemon to 19h. On the day of the exam is administered 130ml of phosfoenema rectally immediately before the exam. All patients were previously sedated with fentanyl (0.05mg/ml), midazolam (5mg/5ml) and propofol (10mg/ml) and have intravenous introduction of the flexible colonoscope to the transverse colon to the exchange of gases following the routine of the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital Barretos.
Sponsors
Barretos Cancer Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* \> 18 years of age * endoscopic diagnosis of chronic radiation proctitis * previous pelvic radiotherapy * presence of colonic or rectal telangiectasias * patients must have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
Exclusion criteria
* other causes of rectal bleeding besides chronic radiation proctitis diagnosed by complete colonoscopy , such as colorectal cancer , inflammatory bowel disease and polyps larger than 1 cm * use of oral anticoagulants
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rectal bleeding rates | Up to four weeks after the administration of the first dose of APC and every four weeks after that up to 24 weeks | The proportion of patients with Complete Response at Week 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 defined as absence of bleeding. |
| Occurrence of rectal ulcers | Up to four weeks after the administration of the first dose of APC and every four weeks after that up to 24 weeks. | Presence of detectable rectal ulcers (\>10mm size or deep ulcers) on endoscopy. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Recurrence of rectal bleeding | 6 and 12 months after the administration of the last dose of APC | Abscence or recurrence of rectal bleeding. |
Countries
Brazil
Outcome results
None listed