Cognitive Development, Growth, Infant Malnutrition, Nutrition Knowledge
Conditions
Keywords
Child Nutrition Sciences, Growth and Development, Developing Countries
Brief summary
Undernutrition and growth restriction due to poor diet and inadequate nutrient intake continues to be a global challenge, particularly in the developing countries including Uganda. The etiology of inadequate nutrient supply to infants may relate to lack of resources or knowledge or a combination of both. Poor nutrient intake and impaired growth may affect brain and cognitive development. This study aims to evaluate nutrient intake, growth and cognitive function among children between 6 and 36 months living in the fertile Kabale and Kisoro region in south-western Uganda. The investigators hypothesize that nutrition education to mothers can bring about improved dietary intake and nutritional status among children aged 6-36 months. A follow-up study was conducted during the period January - July 2022.
Interventions
OTHERImproving nutrition knowledge among mothers
Sponsors
Kyambogo University
University of Oslo
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Months to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* A lead caretaker with a 6-8 months infant (child/lead caretaker pair) who will have given consent to participate in the study. If there is more than one child of the age in the household, the younger one will be taken as the index/study child.
Exclusion criteria
* Is older than 8 months at baseline * Congenital malformations or physical handicap that may influence growth or interfere with taking of anthropometric measurements * Disability that will influence nutrient intake * Been diagnosed with mental or brain illness as evidenced by mother or health worker. * If the family that is likely to emigrate during the study period
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in the prevalence of stunting (<-2 SD of the WHO, 2006 growth reference standards) | 6-8, 12-16, 20-24 (main outcome time point), 36 months, 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in stunting between the three indicated time points. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in mean weight-for-age z-score | 6-8, 12-16 and 20-24, 36 months, 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in mean weight for age z-score between the three indicated time periods. |
| Change in mean weight-for-height z-score | 6-8, 12-16, 20-24, 36 months, 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in mean weight for height z-score between the three indicated time periods. |
| Change in mean Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) z-score | 6-8, 12-16, 20-24, 36 months, 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in MUAC between the three indicated time periods. |
| Change in Ages and Stages Questionnaire Scores (AQS) | 6-8, 12-16, 20-24, 36 months | The investigators will measure the change in AQS between the three indicated time periods. |
| Change in mean diet diversification score (DDS) | 6-8, 12-16, 20-24, 36 months | The investigators will measure the change in DDS between the three indicated time periods. |
| Change in The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (2nd ed.; KABC-II) and the Test of Variable of Attention (TOVA) | 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in the scores of these tests at indicated time periods. |
| Change in Mullens test | 36 months | The investigators will measure the change in Mullens test between the two groups after 36 months. |
| Change in gut microbiota | 20-24, 36 months, 7-10 years | Fecal samples will be collected and the investigators will measure the change in gut microbiota between the three indicated time periods. |
| Change in oral microbiota | 36 months, 7-10 years | Saliva samples will be collected and the investigators will measure the change in oral microbiota at indicated time periods. |
| Change in Becks Depression Inventory II questionnaire to determine the maternal self-reported depression symptoms | 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in this test between the two groups at indicated time periods |
| Change in the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale questionnaires to determine the maternal self-reported depression symptoms | 7-10 years | The investigators will measure the change in this test between the two groups at indicated time periods |
| Oral health | 7-10 years | The investigators will assay caries using photographs |
| Change in Bayley Child Development test 3 ed. | 6-8, 12-16, 20-24, 36 months | The investigators will measure the change in Bayley Child Development test 3 ed. between the three indicated time periods. |
Countries
Uganda
Outcome results
None listed