Conditioning of Caloric Adjustment and Liking in Children
Conditions
Keywords
caloric adjustment,liking, flavour nutrient learning, children
Brief summary
The main objective is to study, in 8-11 year old children, the influence of energy density conditioning on liking for new flavored beverages and on caloric adjustment after the beverage consumption. The stability of the energy conditioning was evaluated after a period without exposure and after an extinction period during which the energy density of the beverages was changed.
Interventions
BEHAVIORAL2 exposures arm
During this study, children were exposed to 2 flavored sweetened beverages: a high energy version (HE: 150kcal) and a no energy version (NE: 0kcal). During a 4-wk conditioning period, children were exposed either 2 times to each beverage. After a 3-wk stability period without exposure, children were exposed 3 times to both beverages in which the association between the flavor and the energy density had been switched (4-wk extinction period).
BEHAVIORAL7 exposures arm
During this study, children were exposed to 2 flavored sweetened beverages: a high energy version (HE: 150kcal) and a no energy version (NE: 0kcal). During a 4-wk conditioning period, children were exposed either 7 times to each beverage. After a 3-wk stability period without exposure, children were exposed 3 times to both beverages in which the association between the flavor and the energy density had been switched (4-wk extinction period).
Sponsors
European Community
Regional Council of Burgundy
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
8 Years to 11 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* regularly ate at the school canteen * returned signed consent from parents
Exclusion criteria
* present health problems, food restrictions or food allergies
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Flavored beverages liking and preference before the conditioning period (T0) | Baseline | Liking and preference measurements for the flavored beverages, before the conditioning period. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Energy adjustment before the conditioning period (T0) | Baseline | Measure of energy intake at the lunch following the beverage consumption, before the conditioning period |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Flavored beverages liking and preference after 3 weeks without exposure (T2) | T1 + 3 weeks | liking and preference measurements of the new flavored beverages, after a period of 3 weeks without exposure (=stability period) |
| Flavored beverages liking and preference before the extinction period (T3) | T2 +1 week | Liking and preference measurements of the new flavored beverages before a 4-week- extinction period during which the energy density of the beverages were changed |
| Energy adjustment before an extinction period (T3) | T2 + 1 week | Measure of energy intake at the lunch following the beverages consumption,before the 4-week- extinction period, during which the energy density of the beverages were changed. |
| Energy adjustment after the conditioning period (T1) | T0 + 4 weeks | Measure of energy intake at the lunch following the beverage consumption, after the 4-week conditioning period |
| Energy adjustment after the extinction period (T4) | T3 + 4 weeks | Measure of energy intake at the lunch following the beverages consumption,after the 4-week- extinction period, during which the energy density of the beverages were changed. |
| Flavored beverages liking and preference before the extinction period (T4) | T3 + 4 weeks | Liking and preference measurements of the new flavored beverages after the 4-week- extinction period during which the energy density of the beverages were changed |
| Energy adjustment after 3 weeks without exposure (T2) | T1 + 3 weeks | Measure of energy intake at lunch following the beverage consumption, after a period of 3 weeks without exposure |
| Flavored beverages liking and preference after the conditioning period (T1) | T0 + 4 weeks | Liking and preference measurements for the new flavored beverages, after the 4-week conditioning period. |
Countries
France
Outcome results
None listed