Nicotine Addiction, Smoking Cessation
Conditions
Keywords
Smoking, 5A's for smoking cessation, tailored health messages, Patient-facing information technology, Mobile health, behavioral health
Brief summary
This study tests the use of handheld computer tablets to promote the integration of 5A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) for smoking cessation in academic and community primary care clinics. Although most patients receive the ask and advise steps, only slightly more than half are assessed for readiness to change, less than half receive assistance in changing, and only 9% have an arranged follow-up. While the large majority of primary care providers support the 5A's model, negative attitudes and the lack of time, knowledge, and cessation skills are common obstacles. Alternate service delivery systems that address these obstacles and evidence-based strategies to promote their implementation are needed to improve provider adherence and 5A's fidelity.
Detailed description
This project develops and tests a computer-facilitated 5A's (CF-5A's) model that administers the 5A's intervention to patients then prompts providers for reinforcing next steps. CF-5A's could efficiently and effectively promote smoking cessation while educating providers about cessation resources and appropriate follow-up. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model, clinically tailored strategies to promote CF-5A's implementation will be developed and tested to ensure the appropriate use and uptake of this new service delivery model. Development of the model, materials, and strategies will occur in years 1 and 2. Baseline data collection occurs in year 2, followed by a randomized trial of CF- 5A's where the provider is the unit of randomization. Provider use of the 5A's will primarily be assessed with a brief phone call to the patient after the primary care visit has occurred. Although focused on 5A's for smoking cessation, this study examines the underlying implementation science of computer-aided service delivery models with important implications for the integration of other substance use or behavioral health interventions in primary care. Implementation factors will be assessed using qualitative interviews and brief pre-post surveys.
Interventions
OTHERComputer Tablet
Sponsors
University of California, San Francisco
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
SINGLE (Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 100 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
All primary care providers and clinic staff are eligible to participate. Patients must have * a primary care appointment * smoked a cigarette in past 7 days * smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime * speak English or Spanish * be cognitively able to use computer tablet
Exclusion criteria
* Moderate to severe cognitive impairment * Does not speak English or Spanish * acute intoxication on alcohol or illicit drugs
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 5A's Fidelity | Baseline assessment 2013-14; Intervention 2014-2015 | Baseline and post-tablet intervention assessments of primary care provider adherence to 5A's protocol for smoking cessation. Patients are called after their primary care appointment and asked a series of questions to determine if (and which of) the 5A's were used during that visit. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Tablet Usage | 7/2014-7/2015 | Intervention includes system strategies to improve usage of computer tablets in primary care waiting rooms. Outcome = tablet saturation or proportion of patients given a tablet. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Implementation Factors | July 2013-2015 | Qualitative interview data to assess the utility of the Technology Acceptance Model in explaining tablet and 5A's usage. Variables assessed include perceived usefulness, social norms and influence, and facilitating conditions. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed