Advanced Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of dalantercept plus sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to determine the recommended dose level of dalantercept in combination with sorafenib.
Detailed description
The initial design of the study was a dose escalating approach in which dalantercept in combination with sorafenib, would be administered at increasing dose levels among 3 cohorts of subjects with HCC in order to determine the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of the combination. Once the MTD was determined, a forth expansion cohort of subjects would be enrolled at the MTD to assess safety. A total of up to 38 subjects were planned. The initial cohort (Cohort 1) enrolled 5 subjects at a dalantercept dose level of 0.6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks (Q3W) in combination with sorafenib (400 mg PO once daily). Following an assessment of safety/tolerability by a Safety Review Team, it was recommended to de-escalate the dalantercept dose for Cohort 2 to 0.4 mg/kg Q3W in combination with sorafenib (400 mg PO once daily); 6 subjects were enrolled. The 0.4 mg/kg dose level was determined to be the MTD, and an additional 10 subjects were enrolled at that dose level in the expansion cohort (Cohort 3). A formal Statistical Analysis Plan was initially planned for this study. However, due to its early termination, only cursory descriptive statistics were carried out on the available data; no formal SAP was prepared.
Interventions
DRUGDalantercept plus sorafenib
Subcutaneous (SC) injection of dalantercept once every 3 weeks and oral sorafenib daily.
Sponsors
Acceleron Pharma, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ USA
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Histologically confirmed, locally advanced or metastatic HCC. * Child-Pugh Score A (5-6) * At least one target lesion that has not been treated with local therapy and is measurable by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1. * Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks. * Able to tolerate oral therapy. * Appropriate clinical laboratory values within 72 hours prior to study day 1: * Females of child bearing potential (defined as sexually mature women who have not undergone hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy, or are not naturally postmenopausal ≥ 24 consecutive months) must have negative urine or blood pregnancy test prior to enrollment and use adequate birth control methods (abstinence, oral contraceptives, barrier method with spermicide, or surgical sterilization) during study participation. Males must agree to use a latex condom during any sexual contact with females of child bearing potential while participating in the study and for 12 weeks following the last dose of dalantercept, even if he has undergone a successful vasectomy. Patients must be counseled concerning measures to be used to prevent pregnancy and potential toxicities prior to the first dose of dalantercept.
Exclusion criteria
* Mixed tumor histology * Prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease. * Adjuvant therapy \< 6 months prior to study day 1. * Prior treatment with dalantercept or other agent targeting the ALK1 pathway. * Prior treatment with sorafenib or other RAF/VEGF targeted therapies. * Hepatic radiation, chemoembolization, and radiofrequency ablation \< 4 weeks prior to study day 1. * Palliative radiation therapy to metastatic sites of disease \< 2 weeks prior to study day 1. * Interferon therapy \< 4 weeks prior to study day 1. * Uncontrolled Hepatitis B despite appropriate therapy. * Clinically significant pulmonary, endocrine, neurologic, hematologic, gastrointestinal (GI), autoimmune, psychiatric or genitourinary disease unrelated to HCC that in the judgment of the investigator should preclude treatment with dalantercept or sorafenib. * Known HIV infection. * Clinically significant cardiovascular risk * Clinically significant active pulmonary risk * Known active gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. * Known bleeding diathesis Known history of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). * History of another primary cancer, with the exception of: 1. Curatively resected non melanoma skin cancer. 2. Curatively treated cervical carcinoma in situ. 3. Other primary solid tumor with no known active disease in the opinion of the investigator that will not affect patient outcome in the setting of current HCC diagnosis. * Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to study day 1 Active infection Anti-coagulation therapy Concomitant treatment with potent CYP3A4 inducers * Peripheral edema ≥ grade 2 within 2 weeks prior to study day 1. * History of recurrent ascites requiring paracentesis within 4 weeks of study day 1. * History of severe (using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0 \[NCI-CTCAE\] v4 current minor version ≥ grade 3) allergic or anaphylactic reaction or hypersensitivity to recombinant proteins or excipients
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability. | up to approximately 20 weeks | Assessed by monitoring AEs using the current active minor version on the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0 (NCI-CTCAE v4 current minor version), physical examinations, vital signs, clinical laboratory test, ECHO, ECG and ADA testing; through final study visit, up to approximately 20 weeks from first dose of dalantercept. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Best Overall Response | up to approximately 20 weeks | The Best Overall Response (BOR) is the best response recorded from the start of the study treatment until the disease progression/recurrence, scored as one of the following: Complete Response (CR); Partial Response (PR); Stable Disease (SD) or Progressive Disease (PD). Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1), a CR is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to \<10 mm. A PR is defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. SD is defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum diameters while on study. PD is defined as At least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | up to approximately 20 weeks | The proportion of participants alive from the initiation of treatment through end of study |
| Disease Control Rate (DCR) | up to approximately 20 weeks | Percentage of patients whose disease improves or remains stable over a certain time period. DCR is the sum of the complete, partial and stable disease rates. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
First subject enrolled 04-AUG-2014 Last subject completed 05-JUL-2017 Study conducted at academic oncology centers in the US
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib 400 mg Cohort 1: participants were administered dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection once every 3 weeks plus sorafenib 400 mg orally once daily | 5 |
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib 400 mg Cohort 2: participants were administered dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection once every 3 weeks plus sorafenib 400 mg orally once daily | 16 |
| Total | 21 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib 400 mg | Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib 400 mg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 3 Participants | 7 Participants | 10 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 2 Participants | 9 Participants | 11 Participants |
| Age, Continuous | 65.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.9 | 64.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.1 | 64.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.6 |
| ECOG status ECOG 0 | 1 Participants | 8 Participants | 9 Participants |
| ECOG status ECOG 1 | 4 Participants | 8 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants | 15 Participants | 17 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 5 Participants | 16 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 2 Participants | 5 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 3 Participants | 11 Participants | 14 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 9 / 16 | 5 / 5 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 16 / 16 | 5 / 5 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 6 / 16 | 4 / 5 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability.
Assessed by monitoring AEs using the current active minor version on the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0 (NCI-CTCAE v4 current minor version), physical examinations, vital signs, clinical laboratory test, ECHO, ECG and ADA testing; through final study visit, up to approximately 20 weeks from first dose of dalantercept.
Time frame: up to approximately 20 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability. | 16 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability. | 5 Participants |
Secondary
Best Overall Response
The Best Overall Response (BOR) is the best response recorded from the start of the study treatment until the disease progression/recurrence, scored as one of the following: Complete Response (CR); Partial Response (PR); Stable Disease (SD) or Progressive Disease (PD). Per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1), a CR is defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to \<10 mm. A PR is defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. SD is defined as neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum diameters while on study. PD is defined as At least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study.
Time frame: up to approximately 20 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Category | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Complete response | 0 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Partial response | 0 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Stable disease | 8 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Progressive disease | 7 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Progressive disease | 1 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Complete response | 0 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Partial response | 0 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Best Overall Response | Stable disease | 2 Participants |
Secondary
Disease Control Rate (DCR)
Percentage of patients whose disease improves or remains stable over a certain time period. DCR is the sum of the complete, partial and stable disease rates.
Time frame: up to approximately 20 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Disease Control Rate (DCR) | 8 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Disease Control Rate (DCR) | 2 Participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS)
The proportion of participants alive from the initiation of treatment through end of study
Time frame: up to approximately 20 weeks
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Dalantercept 0.4 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Overall Survival (OS) | 7 Participants |
| Dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg Plus Sorafenib | Overall Survival (OS) | 0 Participants |