Bone Strength, Neuromuscular Function
Conditions
Brief summary
Osteoporotic fractures are an extremely common and serious public health issue which contribute substantially to pain, impaired mobility and morbidity in the elderly. Declines in bone strength combined with an increase risk of falls (associated with decline in muscular function with age) are the main determinants of fracture risk. Exercise that is novel and involves impact loading has the potential to improve bone strength and neuromuscular function (strength, power and balance). It is thus imperative to evaluate potential benefits of exercise in older people. The musculoskeletal responses to exercise may also be influenced by vitamin D status. It is the purpose of this study to consider the influence of a one year unilateral (one limb) high impact exercise programme on musculoskeletal health, specifically bone structure, muscle strength and power in older caucasian men. It is also the purpose of this study to determine whether this differs according to vitamin D status. The findings will reveal whether exercise can improve bone health and/or neuromuscular function, and whether improvements are dependent upon vitamin D status.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALExercise
multidirectional unilateral hopping exercise
Sponsors
University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, UK
University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust
Loughborough University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
65 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy community dwelling men of white european origin
Exclusion criteria
* BMI \>30 kg/m2 * History of strength training or recently ( previous 12 months) doing moderate physical activity (weight bearing, high impact) * Recent ( previous 12 months) or current medical or surgical problems likely to affect bone metabolism or provide contraindications to high impact exercise, balance or neuromuscular function * Any previous or existing lower back or limb problems that could be exacerbated by undertaking high impact exercise * Any history of diagnosed or symptomatic diseases likely to influence strength, power, bone or habitual activity (including osteomalacia or impaired liver/renal function and locomotor disease, hypertension) that influences bone or muscle or precludes exercise
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in femoral neck bone mineral density | baseline, 12 months |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in ground reaction force during hopping | baseline, 6 months, 12 months |
| Change in postural sway amplitude (mm) | baseline, 6 months |
| Change in leg press strength | baseline, 6 months |
| Change in maximal isometric knee extensor strength | baseline, 6 months |
| Change in tendon stiffness | baseline, 6 months |
| Change in cortical bone mineral content | baseline, 12 months |
| Change in trabecular bone mineral content | baseline, 12 months |
| Change in electromyography of quadriceps during hopping | baseline, 6 months |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| change in energy intake (MJ/d) | baseline, 12 months |
| change in calcium intake | baseline, 12 months |
| Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D | baseline |
| Change in body fat content | baseline, 12 months |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed