Life Stress, Poor Nutrition, Smoking Cessation
Conditions
Brief summary
This program of research tested the effectiveness of an iPad delivered multiple behavior intervention grounded in the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change for pregnant women. It was hypothesized that the intervention would reduce the number of health behavior risks reported by pregnant women in the treatment group. The target behaviors of the intervention are smoking cessation and relapse prevention, stress management, and fruit and vegetable consumption.
Detailed description
Promoting health behaviors during pregnancy has tremendous public health significance. Poor health behaviors are associated with pregnancy complications, birth outcomes, and the health of the child. They influence infant birthweight, premature birth, and infant mortality rates, all of which continue to be public health concerns, reflected in the goals of Healthy People 2020. Pregnant women, particularly those from under-served populations, often have a multitude of health behavior risks that threaten positive pregnancy and birth outcomes, as well as the future health of mother and baby. Pregnancy offers a window of opportunity for behavioral intervention. The immediate health risk for the baby motivates most pregnant women to at least consider changing their behavior. Furthermore, the regular and continual medical care that most pregnant women receive allows optimal access for intervention. The circumstance of pregnancy can be used as a teachable moment to better the future health of women and children. The primary goals of this study were to complete and enhance the development of an iPad delivered intervention and to assess the efficacy in a randomized clinical trial involving pregnant women from three federally-funded community health centers that treat under-served populations. Using interactive technology, users complete onscreen assessments and receive individually tailored feedback messages on key behavior change strategies identified by the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change and matched to their stage of readiness for each behavior. Supplemental intervention components were created including printed feedback reports, a multiple behavior stage-based manual, and Spanish versions of all intervention materials. This intervention offers a cost-effective, science based, and easily deliverable solution to improve multiple health behaviors, and overall health and well-being, of populations of pregnant women.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALHealthy Pregnancy: Step by Step
Sponsors
Pro-Change Behavior Systems
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* At least 18 years old * Speak and read either English or Spanish * Consent to the research.
Exclusion criteria
* More than 18 weeks gestation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in number of health behavior risks from Baseline at third trimester, 1 month post delivery, and 4 months post delivery | Third trimester of pregnancy, 1 month post delivery, 4 months post delivery | Health risks were defined as not meeting criteria for smoking (not smoking), fruit and vegetable consumption (eating at least 5 servings a day), and stress management (effectively managing stress). |
| Change in number of minutes spent on stress management each day from Baseline at third trimester, 1 month post delivery, and 4 months post delivery | Third trimester of pregnancy, 1 month post delivery, 4 months post delivery | — |
| Change in number of servings of fruits and vegetables consumed each day from Baseline at third trimester, 1 month post delivery, and 4 months post delivery | Third trimester of pregnancy, 1 month post delivery, 4 months post delivery | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion who progress to the action criteria for effectively managing stress (at baseline not meeting criteria) | Third trimester of pregnancy, 1 month post delivery, and 4 months post delivery | Assessed by readiness to effectively manage stress each day. |
| Proportion who progress to the action criteria for eating enough fruits and vegetables (at baseline not meeting criteria) | Third trimester of pregnancy, 1 month post delivery, and 4 months post delivery | Assessed by readiness to eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day. |
Outcome results
None listed