Postoperative Sore Throat, Cough, Hoarseness
Conditions
Keywords
Lidocaine, Dexamethasone, Postoperative sore throat
Brief summary
Post operative sore throat (POST) following tracheal intubation is a common problem causing dissatisfaction and discomfort to the patients. Prophylactic use of both lidocaine and dexamethasone has been used independently for this purpose. However, there is no study assessing the synergistic analgesic effects of lidocaine and dexamethasone for POST. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of lidocaine, dexamethasone and lidocaine dexamethasone combination on the incidence and severity of POST.
Detailed description
Sore throat and hoarseness following tracheal intubation are common postoperative problems causing dissatisfaction and discomfort to the patients. Their incidence varies from 30%-70%. Both non pharmacological and pharmacological measures have been tried to minimize the incidence and severity of POST with variable success rate. Prophylactic use lidocaine and steroids have been used independently for this purpose. Dexamethasone as an adjuvant to lidocaine has shown to improve the quality of analgesia. However, there is no study assessing the combine effects of lidocaine and dexamethasone for POST.
Interventions
DRUGLD: Lidocaine and dexamethasone
LD: intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg and dexamethasone 8 mg before induction of anesthesia
DRUGL:Lidocaine
Intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg before induction of anesthesia
DRUGD: Dexamethasone
D:intravenous dexamethasone 8 mg before induction of anesthesia
DRUGN: Normal saline (placebo)
Normal saline: 2ml
Sponsors
B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients of American Society of Anesthesiologist(ASA) physical status 1 & 2 requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. * Duration of surgery more than 90 min
Exclusion criteria
* Those with preexisting hoarseness or sorethroat * Smoker * Vocal performer by occupation * Recent or recurrent respiratory tract infection * Risk factors for postoperative aspiration * Obesity * Pregnancy * Receiving analgesics, corticosteroids and calcium channel blockers * Contraindication to corticosteroid medications * Anticipated difficult intubation * Mallampati grade \> 2 * Difficult mask ventilation requiring oral or nasal airway * Cormack and Lehman grade III and IV on laryngoscopy * More than one intubation attempt * Those requiring orogastric or nasogastric tubes
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Assessment of postoperative sore throat at rest and on swallowing. | From 1 to 24 hr following surgery | Incidence of postoperative sore throat. Assessment of severity of postoperative sorethroat using scoring system, 0-No sore throat at any time since the operation,1- Minimal sore throat,2- Moderate sore throat,3- Severe sore throat |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| -Assessment of post operative cough. Assessment of post operative cough using scoring system,0- No cough,1- Minimal cough,2- Moderate cough,3- Severe cough. | From 1 to 24 hr following surgery | -Assessment of postoperative hoarseness. Assessment of postoperative hoarseness using scoring system,0- No evidence of hoarseness at any time since the operation,1-No evidence of hoarseness at the time of interview,2-Hoarseness at the time of interview noted by patient only, 3- Hoarseness that is easily noted at the time of interview |
Countries
Nepal
Outcome results
None listed