Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
Indirect calorimetry
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to measure and link cadence (number of steps taken in a minute) to intensity of physical activity (e.g., low-intensity, moderate-intensity, vigorous-intensity) in children and adolescents (6-20 years-old), and to identify the cadence values corresponding to children's and adolescent's behavior during simulated free-living activities.
Detailed description
Procedure - 1 visit - (approximately 3 hours in total) Day of Testing: Participant must be FASTED - No food for 4 hours before visit. All of the study procedures involving the participant will be completed in a single testing session (one-day - approximately 3 hours) at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center. If preferred, two visits on separate days can be scheduled to complete the protocol. * Screening questions (approximately 3-5 minutes) o Participants (or their legal guardian) will be asked to answer several screening questions to determine their eligibility for participating in CADENCE-KIDS. * Height and weight measures data collection (approximately 10 minutes) * Height will be measured. * Body weight and body fat percentage will be measured using a specialized scale. * Waist circumference will then be measured using a measuring tape. * Instrument attachment, treadmill walking, free-living activities (approximately 140 minutes) * Participants will be fitted with 10 devices (Digi-Walker Pedometer, NL-1000 Pedometer, StepWatch Activity Monitor, SenseWear Armband, GT3X+ accelerometer, GENEActiv Accelerometer, Actical Accelerometer, ActivPal Accelerometer, Polar Heart Rate Monitor, K4b2 Portable Metabolic Unit) to measure/monitor physical activity throughout the testing session. * Participants will then complete several low intensity free-living activities while their physical activity and oxygen uptake are concurrently assessed. Specifically, participants will rest in a chair, watch a portion of a child-friendly movie while seated in a chair, and color in a coloring book while seated in a chair. Each activity will last for 5 minutes and a 2 minute rest will occur between each activity. * Participants will then complete a series of walking bouts on a treadmill while their physical activity and oxygen uptake are concurrently assessed. The walking bouts start at 0.5 miles per hour and end at 5 miles per hour (0.5 miles per hour increments). Treadmill testing stops when the participant finishes the bout where they naturally select to jog/run, or following the completion of the last bout at 5.0 miles per hour, whichever occurs first. A 2 minute rest will occur between each treadmill bout. * Participants will then complete three additional free-living activities where physical activity and oxygen uptake continue to be concurrently measured. Specifically, participants will step up and down on an aerobic step at 88 beats per minute, dribble a basketball, and perform jumping jacks at 126 beats per minute (63 jumping jacks per minute). Each activity will last for 5 minutes and a 2 minute rest will occur between each activity.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* 6 to 20 years of age at the time of study enrollment * Not limited in the ability to walk
Exclusion criteria
* Hospitalization for mental illness within the past 5 years. * Any condition/medication that may affect heart rate response to exercise testing. * Previous history of, or clinical symptoms or signs of, cardiovascular disease, stroke or transient ischemic attacks, chest pain, unusual dyspnea during physical activity/exercise, severe ankle edema, or intermittent claudication. * Previous history of musculoskeletal injuries or problems causing severe pain during physical activity or exercise which interferes with daily activities. * Participant has a pacemaker or other implanted medical device (including metal joint replacements). * Participant is pregnant. * Participant is unable to complete all testing (1 or two sessions, as preferred) within a maximal two week period.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cadence - Steps Per Minute | 1 day | Cadence steps per minute represents an overlooked opportunity to describe the intensity of ambulatory activity. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Children Group 1 6-8 years of age | 22 |
| Children Group 2 9-11 years of age | 25 |
| Adolescents Group 1 12-14 years of age | 25 |
| Adolescents Group 2 15-17 years of age | 24 |
| Young Adults 18-20 years of age | 24 |
| Total | 120 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 | FG003 | FG004 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Children Group 1 | Children Group 2 | Adolescents Group 1 | Adolescents Group 2 | Young Adults | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 22 Participants | 25 Participants | 25 Participants | 24 Participants | 0 Participants | 96 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 24 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 9 Participants | 5 Participants | 10 Participants | 11 Participants | 7 Participants | 42 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 11 Participants | 19 Participants | 15 Participants | 13 Participants | 17 Participants | 75 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 22 Participants | 25 Participants | 25 Participants | 24 Participants | 24 Participants | 120 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 10 Participants | 13 Participants | 13 Participants | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 60 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 60 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk | EG003 affected / at risk | EG004 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 22 | 0 / 25 | 0 / 25 | 0 / 24 | 0 / 24 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 22 | 0 / 25 | 0 / 25 | 0 / 24 | 0 / 24 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 22 | 0 / 25 | 0 / 25 | 0 / 24 | 0 / 24 |
Outcome results
Cadence - Steps Per Minute
Cadence steps per minute represents an overlooked opportunity to describe the intensity of ambulatory activity.
Time frame: 1 day
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Children Group 1 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Moderate Intensity | 128.4 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Children Group 1 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Vigorous Intensity | 157.7 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Children Group 2 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Moderate Intensity | 116.5 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Children Group 2 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Vigorous Intensity | 142.7 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Adolescents Group 1 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Moderate Intensity | 106.6 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Adolescents Group 1 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Vigorous Intensity | 129.3 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Adolescents Group 2 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Vigorous Intensity | 126.3 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Adolescents Group 2 | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Moderate Intensity | 101.3 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Young Adults | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Moderate Intensity | 87.3 Cadence - Steps per Minute |
| Young Adults | Cadence - Steps Per Minute | Vigorous Intensity | 129.9 Cadence - Steps per Minute |